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Articles 1 - 30 of 32
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An Overview Of The Near-Death Experience Phenomenon, David San Filippo Ph.D.
An Overview Of The Near-Death Experience Phenomenon, David San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
Near-death experiences appear to be universal phenomena that have been reported for centuries. A near-death encounter is defined as an event in which the individual could very easily die or be killed, or may have already been considered clinically dead, but nonetheless survives, and continue his or her physical life. Reports of near-death experiences date back to the Ice Age. There are cave paintings, in France and Spain that depict possible after life scenes that are similar to reported scenes related to near-death experiences. Plato's Republic presents the story of a near-death experience of a Greek soldier named Er. In …
Enquiry On The Anima, Alan A. Mackenzie
Enquiry On The Anima, Alan A. Mackenzie
Alan A MacKENZIE
At midlife one tends to see life differently; in that, the meaning and purpose of the first half of life begins to fail us… and our whole agenda changes. Reaching midlife for many of my clients brings with it feelings of fracturing, alienation and lustiness. This paper is a reflective examination of how midlife changes bring out what Jung emphasized about the anima's role: as that factor in the male psyche responsible for the process of projection, not just for projections of and onto women- but all projection.
Grundlagen Der Kognition Und Perzeption Für Die Software-Ergonomie, Philipp Schaer, Holger Heuser
Grundlagen Der Kognition Und Perzeption Für Die Software-Ergonomie, Philipp Schaer, Holger Heuser
Philipp Schaer
Der folgende Arbeitsbericht soll eine kurze Zusammenfassung über die perzeptorischen und kognitiven Fähigkeiten des Menschen geben. Diese Zusammenfassung ist weit davon entfernt, umfassend zu sein. Jedoch bietet sie die Möglichkeit für Informatiker und Computervisualisten, einen kurzen Einblick in kognitionspsychologische Modelle zu gewinnen.
The Best Puffery Article Ever, David A. Hoffman
The Best Puffery Article Ever, David A. Hoffman
David A Hoffman
This Article provides the first extensive legal treatment of an important defense in the law of fraud and contracts: puffery. Legal authorities commonly say they make decisions about whether defendants should be able to utter exaggerated, optimistic, lies based on assumptions about buyer behavior, concluding that consumers do not rely on such speech. However, as the Article shows, such analyses are proxies for a deeper analytical question: does the speech encourage or discourage a type of consumption activity that the court deems welfare maximizing? The Article presents a novel constitutional analysis of puffery doctrine that focuses on the meaning of …
Angels As Spiritual Guides, David San Filippo Ph.D.
Angels As Spiritual Guides, David San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
The existence of angels has been discussed for centuries in legendary, philosophical, and religious writings. Many people have reported encounters with angels at different times in their life. Near-death research has recorded angelic encounters, during near-death experiences, by describing encounters with beings of light or angelic forms recognizable to the experiencer. This essay will discuss some legendary, theological, and philosophical beliefs that support the belief in the reality of angels as messengers, guides, and guardians to human beings and their function as spiritual guides during near-death experiences.
Globalization & Nationalism: A Recipe For Terror, Cari Bourette, Daniel Reader
Globalization & Nationalism: A Recipe For Terror, Cari Bourette, Daniel Reader
Cari Bourette
Nationalism appears to be part of the human condition; it may well be related to the human tendency toward tribalism. Whatever the case, nationalism appears to be a permanent feature on the global landscape. Globalization, while not a new phenomenon by any means, seems to be having a tremendous dilutory effect on the sovereignty of states; it now appears to be carrying the assault to the cultural frontiers of nationalism. Unlike the Westphalian constructs, however, nations will not so easily succumb. There is a greater inherent resistance to change in nations; the only historically effective method has been outright eradication …
Maine State Government's Worksite Wellness Program, William C. Mcpeck
Maine State Government's Worksite Wellness Program, William C. Mcpeck
William C. McPeck
This is an unpublished report I wrote for Maine Governor John Baldacci to share with the National Governor's Association. The report reflects the history and current initiatives of Maine State Government's employee wellness program.
The "Duty" To Be A Rational Shareholder, David A. Hoffman
The "Duty" To Be A Rational Shareholder, David A. Hoffman
David A Hoffman
How and when do courts determine that corporate disclosures are actionable under the federal securities laws? The applicable standard is materiality: would a (mythical) reasonable investor have considered a given disclosure important. As I establish through empirical and statistical testing of approximately 500 cases analyzing the materiality standard, judicial findings of immateriality are remarkably common, and have been stable over time. Materiality's scope results in the dismissal of a large number of claims, and creates a set of cases in which courts attempt to explain and defend their vision of who is, and is not, a reasonable investor. Thus, materiality …
Perspectives On The Fears Of Death & Dying, David San Filippo Ph.D.
Perspectives On The Fears Of Death & Dying, David San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
This E-Book will examine some perspectives on fear, the fears of death, and constructs used to overcome or deal with the fears of death. By examining the literature on fear in general, a framework can be developed to understand how individuals become fearful. In the section, “Fears of Death,” what people fear about death and why they fear it will be discussed.
Historical Perspectives On Attitudes Concerning Death And Dying, David San Filippo Ph.D.
Historical Perspectives On Attitudes Concerning Death And Dying, David San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
Beliefs and practices concerning death have changed throughout human history. In pre-modern times, death at a young age was common due to living conditions and medical practices. As medical science has advanced and helped humans live longer, attitudes and responses to death also have changed. In modern Western societies, death is often ignored or feared. Changes in lifestyles and improved medical science have depersonalized death and made it an encroachment on life instead of part of life. This has left many people ill equipped to deal with death when it touches their lives.
The Value Of The Awareness Of Near-Death Experiences, David San San Filippo Ph.D.
The Value Of The Awareness Of Near-Death Experiences, David San San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
A principal value of Near-death experiences may be in the telling of the stories and the effect these stories have for others to reduce their fears of and concerns about death. This E-book explores the impact and value knowing about, not having a near-death experience has on those who have heard, watch, or read reports of this phenomenon.
Religious Interpretations Of Death, Afterlife & Ndes, David San Filippo Ph.D.
Religious Interpretations Of Death, Afterlife & Ndes, David San Filippo Ph.D.
David San Filippo Ph.D.
This E-book reviews religious beliefs concerning death, afterlife, and near-death experiences. The discussion will provide commentary regarding the similarities between different religious beliefs and experiences concerning death, as well as between religious interpretations of near-death experiences.
La&S Team Gives Kenyan Youth A New Way To Combat Hiv/Aids, Leah Christina Neubauer
La&S Team Gives Kenyan Youth A New Way To Combat Hiv/Aids, Leah Christina Neubauer
Leah C. Neubauer
No abstract provided.
Kenneth A. Mchugh Quality Staff Service Award: Past Award Recipients, Leah Neubauer
Kenneth A. Mchugh Quality Staff Service Award: Past Award Recipients, Leah Neubauer
Leah C. Neubauer
No abstract provided.
Question Comprehension And Response: Implications Of Individualism And Collectivism., Ayse K. Uskul, Daphna Oyserman
Question Comprehension And Response: Implications Of Individualism And Collectivism., Ayse K. Uskul, Daphna Oyserman
Ayse K Uskul
We integrate cross-cultural literature with broader literature in survey methodology, human cognition and communication. First, we briefly review recent work in cognitive survey methodology that advances our understanding of the processes underlying question comprehension and response. Then, using a process model of cultural influence, we provide a framework for hypothesizing how cross-cultural differences may systematically influence the meaning respondents make of the questions researchers ask, how memory is organized, and subjective theories about what constitutes an appropriate answer and therefore the answers participants are likely to give.
Identifying Placebo Effects With Data From Clinical Trials, Anup Malani
Identifying Placebo Effects With Data From Clinical Trials, Anup Malani
Anup Malani
A medical treatment is said to have placebo effects if patients who are optimistic about the treatment respond better to the treatment. This paper proposes a simple test for placebo effects. Instead of comparing the treatment and control arms of a single trial, one should compare the treatment arms of two trials with different probabilities of assignment to treatment. If there are placebo effects, patients in the higher-probability trial will experience better outcomes simply because they believe that there is a greater chance of receiving treatment. This paper finds evidence of placebo effects in trials of antiulcer and cholesterol-lowering drugs.
Real-Time Decision Making And Aggressive Behavior In Youth: A Heuristic Model Of Response Evaluation And Decision (Red), Reid Griffith Fontaine, Kenneth A. Dodge
Real-Time Decision Making And Aggressive Behavior In Youth: A Heuristic Model Of Response Evaluation And Decision (Red), Reid Griffith Fontaine, Kenneth A. Dodge
Reid G. Fontaine
Considerable scientific and intervention attention has been paid to judgment and decision-making systems associated with aggressive behavior in youth. However, most empirical studies have investigated social–cognitive correlates of stable child and adolescent aggressiveness, and less is known about real-time decision making to engage in aggressive behavior. A model of realtime decision making must incorporate both impulsive actions and rational thought. The present paper advances a process model (response evaluation and decision; RED) of real-time behavioral judgments and decision making in aggressive youths with mathematic representations that may be used to quantify response strength. These components are a heuristic to describe …
Applying Systems Principles To Models Of Social Information Processing And Aggressive Behavior In Youth, Reid G. Fontaine
Applying Systems Principles To Models Of Social Information Processing And Aggressive Behavior In Youth, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
Systems perspectives view development as the product of hierarchically-organized levels of varied life processes that are continually changing and interacting as time passes. This theoretical approach may be of considerable importance to developing research programs in child social cognition, particularly since multilevel, multiprocess models of social information processing and aggressive behavior in youth are still in relatively formative stages. This paper proposes that key systems principles can be conceptually applied to social information-processing models in ways that are critical to furthering future research in social–cognitive foundations of aggressive behavior. Examples of initial applications to current social information processing models of …
Evaluative Behavioral Judgments And Instrumental Antisocial Behaviors In Children And Adolescents, Reid G. Fontaine
Evaluative Behavioral Judgments And Instrumental Antisocial Behaviors In Children And Adolescents, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
There is a growing body of scientific research that has drawn a distinction between instrumental (or proactive) and reactive forms of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Whereas neurocognitive, psychophysiological, and other psychological factors have been shown to distinguish these aggressive subtypes, social cognitive research on alternative types of instrumental antisocial behavior (e.g., stealing, cheating, and illicit substance use) in youth is limited. Research on social information processing and aggression has shown that evaluative behavioral judgments may be of particular importance to understanding instrumental antisocial tendencies. Herein presented is a review of research on social cognition and discernible forms of …
The Work-Family Interface And Job Performance: Moderating Effects Of Conscientiousness And Perceived Organizational Support
L. A. Witt
No abstract provided.
Interaction Of Social Skill And Organizational Support On Job Performance
Interaction Of Social Skill And Organizational Support On Job Performance
L. A. Witt
No abstract provided.
Confronting Conventional Thinking: The Heuristics Problem In Feminist Legal Theory, Nancy Levit
Confronting Conventional Thinking: The Heuristics Problem In Feminist Legal Theory, Nancy Levit
Nancy Levit
The thesis of The Heuristics Problem is that the societal problems about which identity theorists are most concerned often spring from and are reinforced by thinking riddled with heuristic errors. This article first investigates the ways heuristic errors influence popular perceptions of feminist issues. Feminists and critical race theorists have explored the cognitive bias of stereotyping, but have not examined the ways probabilistic errors can have gendered consequences. Second, The Heuristics Problem traces some of the ways cognitive errors have influenced the development of laws relating to gender issues. It explores instances in judicial decisions in which courts commit heuristic …
Dewey: The First Ghost-Buster?, Leslie Marsh
Dewey: The First Ghost-Buster?, Leslie Marsh
Leslie Marsh
Ghost-busting, or less colloquially, anti-Cartesianism or non-representationalism, is a loose and internally fluid coalition (philosophical and empirical) comprising Dynamical, Embodied, Extended, Distributed, and Situated (DEEDS) theories of cognition. Gilbert Ryle – DEEDS’ anglophonic masthead [1] – supposedly exorcised the Cartesian propensity to postulate mind as an apparition-like entity somehow situated in the body. Ryle’s behaviouristic recommendation was, that just as we don’t see the wind blowing but only see the trees waving, so too should we conceive intelligence as manifest though action. The Cartesian ghost of old has mutated, taking the form of the ‘Machine in the Machine’, the brain …
Examining The Direction Of Imagery And Self-Talk On Dart-Throwing Performance And Self Efficacy, Jennifer Cumming, Sanna M. Nordin, Robin Horton, Scott Reynolds
Examining The Direction Of Imagery And Self-Talk On Dart-Throwing Performance And Self Efficacy, Jennifer Cumming, Sanna M. Nordin, Robin Horton, Scott Reynolds
Jennifer Cumming
The study investigated the impact of varying combinations of facilitative and debilitative imagery and self-talk (ST) on self-effi cacy and performance of a dart-throwing task. Participants (N = 95) were allocated to 1 of 5 groups: (a) facilitative imagery/facilitative ST, (b) facilitative imagery/debilitative ST, (c) debilitative imagery/facilitative ST, (d) debilitative imagery/debilitative ST, or (e) control. Mixed-design ANOVAs revealed that performance, but not self-effi - cacy, changed over time as a function of the assigned experimental condition. Participants in the debilitative imagery/debilitative ST condition worsened their performance, and participants in the facilitative imagery/facilitative ST condition achieved better scores. These fi ndings …
Masculinity Ideology And Forgiveness Of Racial Discrimination Among African American Men: Direct And Interactive Relationships, Wizdom Powell Hammond, Kira Hudson Banks, Jacqueline S. Mattis
Masculinity Ideology And Forgiveness Of Racial Discrimination Among African American Men: Direct And Interactive Relationships, Wizdom Powell Hammond, Kira Hudson Banks, Jacqueline S. Mattis
Kira Hudson Banks, Ph.D.
Forgiveness research has focused almost exclusively on interpersonal transgressions committed in close relationships. Consequently, less is known about factors informing forgiveness of non-intimate actors. The current study addresses these gaps by investigating correlates of forgiveness over racial discrimination among African American men (N=171). Specifically, we explore relationships between the endorsement of traditional masculine ideology (e.g., restrictive emotionality), overall forgiveness, forgiveness with positive affect, and forgiveness with the absence of negative affect. Links between personality, religiosity, social support, discrimination experiences, and these forms of forgiveness also are examined. Restrictive emotionality emerged as a barrier to forgiveness of discrimination. However, the relationship …
An Examination Of The African American Experience Of Everyday Discrimination And Symptoms Of Psychological Distress, Kira Hudson Banks, Laura P. Kohn-Wood, Michael Spencer
An Examination Of The African American Experience Of Everyday Discrimination And Symptoms Of Psychological Distress, Kira Hudson Banks, Laura P. Kohn-Wood, Michael Spencer
Kira Hudson Banks, Ph.D.
Current theoretical models suggest that the most potent and impacting discrimination experienced by African Americans in the post Jim Crow era are subtle and unconscious forms of discrimination that are experienced on a daily basis. This study investigates the relationship between perceived everyday discrimination and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Further, we examine gender as a moderator of this relationship. Data come from the 1995 Detroit Area Study data with 570 African American respondents. Results indicate that perceived discrimination is directly related to both symptoms of depression and anxiety. Gender moderates the relationship between discrimination and anxiety symptoms, but not discrimination …
When Does Culture Matter In Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
When Does Culture Matter In Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
Donnel A Briley
No abstract provided.
When Does Culture Matter?: Effects Of Personal Knowledge On The Correction Of Culture-Based Judgments, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
When Does Culture Matter?: Effects Of Personal Knowledge On The Correction Of Culture-Based Judgments, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
Donnel A Briley
Four experiments demonstrate that culture-based differences in persuasion arise when a person processes information in a cursory, spontaneous manner, but these differences dissipate when a person’s intuitions are supplemented by more deliberative processing. North Americans are persuaded more by promotion-focused information, and Chinese people are persuaded more by prevention-focused information, but only when initial, automatic reactions to messages are given. Corrections to these default judgments occur when processing is thoughtful. These results underscore the idea that culture does not exert a constant, unwavering effect on consumer judgments. A key factor in determining whether culture-based effects loom large or fade is …
Bridging The Culture Chasm: Ensuring That Consumers Are Healthy, Wealthy And Wise, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
Bridging The Culture Chasm: Ensuring That Consumers Are Healthy, Wealthy And Wise, Donnel A. Briley, Jennifer L. Aaker
Donnel A Briley
This article pulls together streams of culture-related research found in information-processing and behavioral decision theory literature, and it complements them with a focus on motivations and goals. The authors propose a framework that suggests that (1) the treatment of culture is useful when it incorporates subcultures, including those defined by nationality, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and neighborhood or local surroundings; (2) goals are determined by both cultural background and situational forces; and (3) through its impact on goals, culture influences the inputs used to make a decision, the types of options preferred, and the timing of decisions. The authors highlight the …
Monitoring Treatment Integrity: An Alternative To The ‘Consult And Hope’ Strategy In School-Based Behavioural Consultation, Lee A. Wilkinson
Monitoring Treatment Integrity: An Alternative To The ‘Consult And Hope’ Strategy In School-Based Behavioural Consultation, Lee A. Wilkinson
Lee A Wilkinson, PhD
An international trend in school psychology services is a shift from an emphasis on assessment-based activities to a paradigm of consultation problem-solving and behavioural intervention. As the profession experiences an expansion of roles and functions, school psychologists should have an understanding of a critical aspect of behaviour change: treatment integrity (Gresham, 1989). Treatment integrity (or fidelity) refers to the extent to which an intervention is implemented as intended (or planned). This article describes the construct of treatment integrity as it relates to the implementation of consultation-derived behaviour intervention plans. Practical approaches for assessing and monitoring the integrity of treatments are …