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Thickness Profiles Through Fatigued Bulk Ceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate, Nina Balke, Doru C. Lupascu, Thomas Blair Dec 2006

Thickness Profiles Through Fatigued Bulk Ceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate, Nina Balke, Doru C. Lupascu, Thomas Blair

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Wedge-cut samples of fatigued ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics were investigated using piezoresponse force microscopy in conjunction with conventional electrical hysteresis measurements. The local clamping of domains is monitored at different depths in the sample. The coercive fields in grains near the electrodes differ for different materials and preparation methods of the electrodes. For silver, fatigue consistently generates a space charge in the depth of the sample. For platinum electrodes, the fatigue behavior scatters strongly. Microscopically, it either occurs directly underneath the electrodes or resembles the behavior of the silver electrodes in other samples.


High-Resolution Imaging Of Proteins In Human Teeth By Scanning Probe Microscopy, Alexei Gruverman, D. Wu, B. J. Rodriguez, Sergei V. Kalinin, S. Habelitz Nov 2006

High-Resolution Imaging Of Proteins In Human Teeth By Scanning Probe Microscopy, Alexei Gruverman, D. Wu, B. J. Rodriguez, Sergei V. Kalinin, S. Habelitz

Alexei Gruverman Publications

High-resolution studies of dental tissues are of considerable interest for biomedical engineering and clinical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) to nanoscale imaging of internal structure of human teeth by monitoring the local mechanical response to an electrical bias applied via a conductive tip. It is shown that PFM is capable of detecting dissimilar components of dental tissues, namely, proteins and calcified matrix, which have resembling morphology but different piezoelectric properties. It is demonstrated that collagen fibrils revealed in chemically treated intertubular dentin exhibit high piezoelectric activity and can be visualized in PFM …


Ferroelectric Behavior In Nominally Relaxor Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate Thin Films Prepared By Chemical Solution Deposition On Copper Foil, Taeyun Kim, Jacqueline N. Hanson, Alexei Gruverman, Angus I. Kingon, S. K. Streiffer Jun 2006

Ferroelectric Behavior In Nominally Relaxor Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate Thin Films Prepared By Chemical Solution Deposition On Copper Foil, Taeyun Kim, Jacqueline N. Hanson, Alexei Gruverman, Angus I. Kingon, S. K. Streiffer

Alexei Gruverman Publications

We demonstrate that (Pb0.9La0.1)(Zr0.65Ti0.35)0.975O3 (PLZT) (10/65/35) thin films that have a nominally relaxor composition and that are deposited by chemical solution deposition onto copper foil show polarization hysteresis. Ferroelectric domain switching and a shift in Curie temperature are also observed. This is in contrast to the non-hysteretic behavior of films with identical composition prepared on Pt/SiO2 / Si substrates. This suggests that the mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion between PLZT and copper induces a compressive strain in the PLZT during cooling after high temperature crystallization under low …


Dynamics Of Ferroelectric Domain Growth In The Field Of Atomic Force Microscope, A. Agronin, M. Molotskii, Y. Rosenwaks, G. Rosenman, B. J. Rodriguez, A. I. Kingon, Alexei Gruverman May 2006

Dynamics Of Ferroelectric Domain Growth In The Field Of Atomic Force Microscope, A. Agronin, M. Molotskii, Y. Rosenwaks, G. Rosenman, B. J. Rodriguez, A. I. Kingon, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Application of very high voltage to atomic force microscope tip leads to the growth of narrow, string-like domains in some ferroelectrics, a phenomenon that was named “ferroelectric domain breakdown.” In this work the dynamics of domain breakdown have been studied experimentally and theoretically in stoichiometric lithium niobate (LN). The theory has been found to be in a good agreement with the measured domain radius temporal dependence. Dynamics of domain growth has also been studied in ultrathin LN crystals, where the domain breakdown phenomenon does not take place. It is also shown that domain formation processes occurring in bulk and ultrathin …


Piezoresponse Force Microscopy And Recent, Alexei Gruverman, Sergei V. Kalinin Jan 2006

Piezoresponse Force Microscopy And Recent, Alexei Gruverman, Sergei V. Kalinin

Alexei Gruverman Publications

In this paper, we review recent advances in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) with respect to nanoscale ferroelectric research, summarize the basic principles of PFM, illustrate what information can be obtained from PFM experiments and delineate the limitations of PFM signal interpretation relevant to quantitative imaging of a broad range of piezoelectrically active materials. Particular attention is given to orientational PFM imaging and data interpretation as well as to electromechanics and kinetics of nanoscale ferroelectric switching in PFM.


Electromechanical Imaging Of Biomaterials By Scanning Probe Microscopy, B. J. Rodriguez, Sergei V. Kalinin, J. Shin, Stephen Jesse, V. Grichko, T. Thundat, Arthur P. Baddorf, Alexei Gruverman Jan 2006

Electromechanical Imaging Of Biomaterials By Scanning Probe Microscopy, B. J. Rodriguez, Sergei V. Kalinin, J. Shin, Stephen Jesse, V. Grichko, T. Thundat, Arthur P. Baddorf, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

The majority of calcified and connective tissues possess complex hierarchical structure spanning the length scales from nanometers to millimeters. Understanding the biological functionality of these materials requires reliable methods for structural imaging on the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrate an approach for electromechanical imaging of the structure of biological samples on the length scales from tens of microns to nanometers using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), which utilizes the intrinsic piezoelectricity of biopolymers such as proteins and polysaccharides as the basis for high-resolution imaging. Nanostructural imaging of a variety of protein-based materials, including tooth, antler, and cartilage, is demonstrated. Visualization of protein …


Bioelectromechanical Imaging By Scanning Probe Microscopy: Galvani’S Experiment At The Nanoscale, Sergei V. Kalinin, B. J. Rodriguez, J. Shin, Stephen Jesse, V. Grichko, T. Thundat, Arthur P. Baddorf, Alexei Gruverman Jan 2006

Bioelectromechanical Imaging By Scanning Probe Microscopy: Galvani’S Experiment At The Nanoscale, Sergei V. Kalinin, B. J. Rodriguez, J. Shin, Stephen Jesse, V. Grichko, T. Thundat, Arthur P. Baddorf, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Since the discovery in the late 18th century of electrically induced mechanical response in muscle tissue, coupling between electrical and mechanical phenomena has been shown to be a near-universal feature of biological systems. Here, we employ scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to measure the sub-Angstrom mechanical response of a biological system induced by an electric bias applied to a conductive SPM tip. Visualization of the spiral shape and orientation of protein fibrils with 5 nm spatial resolution in a human tooth and chitin molecular bundle orientation in a butterfly wing is demonstrated. In particular, the applicability of SPM-based techniques for the …