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At The Crossroads: Making Competition Law Effective In Pakistan Symposium On Competition Law And Policy In Developing Countries , Joseph Wilson
At The Crossroads: Making Competition Law Effective In Pakistan Symposium On Competition Law And Policy In Developing Countries , Joseph Wilson
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
Just as the first merger wave of the late 1880's in the United States resulted in the birth of Sherman Act, the recent global merger wave of the early 2000's, coupled with the growing liberalization of trade, prompted a large number of developing and transitional economies to adopt competition laws. Pakistan is one of the few developing countries with a competition law in place for more than three decades: the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Ordinance of 1970 ("MRTPO" or the "Ordinance"). While the Ordinance contained fairly strong provisions, the agency entrusted to implement it, the Monopolies Control Authority ("MCA"), …
Competition Policy And Practice In South Africa: Promoting Competition For Development Symposium On Competition Law And Policy In Developing Countries , Trudi Hartzenberg
Competition Policy And Practice In South Africa: Promoting Competition For Development Symposium On Competition Law And Policy In Developing Countries , Trudi Hartzenberg
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
South Africa's new competition policy and law were drafted during the early years of South Africa's new democracy, a period characterized by important domestic policy and regulatory reform. These reforms were not only part of the comprehensive program for the country's economic, social, and political transformation, but also its integration into the global economy after decades of isolation under the apartheid regime. In the case of competition policy, however, concerns about specific development challenges entrenched by the previous era of political and economic control, had to be explicitly reflected in the new South Africa's law and policy. It was clear …