Digital Commons Network^™

Women’S Educational Attainment And Intergenerational Patterns Of Fertility Behaviour In Kenya, D. Walter Rasugu Omariba

PSC Discussion Papers Series

There is a strong theoretical and empirical relationship between educational attainment and fertility behaviour. However, a fundamental question that has largely been neglected is the change in this relationship across cohorts resulting from differential improvement in educational opportunities for women over time and how it relates to fertility transition. Utilizing the 1998 DHS data from Kenya this study examines the differential effect of educational attainment on women’s use of modern contraception and desire for cessation of childbearing across generations. The findings indicate that even after controlling for husband’s education and other relevant factors, a woman’s advanced education is positively associated …

Voices Raised, Issue 01, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: National Breast Cancer Awareness Month; The Clothesline Project; Mentoring Program; Graffiti: The Reality of Discrimination; The world judges before it understands; Are You a Feminist?

The Death Of Roy Lee Centers, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Terry C. Cox

Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research

"Be it remembered." A simple command yet, in this case, an introduction spoken by the judge in the Breathitt County, Ky., trial of William (Bill) R. Hurst, who killed Roy Lee Centers, a native of Jackson, Kentucky

The Role Of Ngos In Political Elections In South Korea: The Case Of The Citizens' Alliance For The 2000 General Election, Eui Hang Shin

Faculty Publications

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the role of civic organizations in political processes in South Korea. More specifically, this article examines the impact of the blacklisting of candidates by the Citizens’ Alliance for the 2000 General Election (CAGE) on the outcomes of the National Assembly election of April 13, 2000. I discuss the relationship between the characteristics of political systems and political culture and the emergence of civic organizations. I analyze the effects of CAGE’s blacklisting of politicians on the nomination processes of candidates by major political parties. I also discuss the long-term effects of CAGE …

The Death Of Roy Lee Centers, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Terry C. Cox

Kenneth Tunnell

"Be it remembered." A simple command yet, in this case, an introduction spoken by the judge in the Breathitt County, Ky., trial of William (Bill) R. Hurst, who killed Roy Lee Centers, a native of Jackson, Kentucky

The Long Time Scales Of Human-Caused Climate Warming: Further Challenges For The Global Policy Process, Jerry D. Mahlman

Water, Climate and Uncertainty: Implications for Western Water Law, Policy, and Management (Summer Conference, June 11-13)

28 pages.

"Jerry D. Mahlman, Senior Research Fellow, National Center for Atmospheric Research"

"Presented at the Pew Center Workshop on The Timing of Climate Change Policies, The Westin Grand Hotel, Washington, DC, October 10-12, 2001"

"Cite As: Mahlman, J.D. 2001. The Long Time Scales of Human-Caused Climate Warming: Further Challenges for the Global Policy Process. Pew Center Workshop on the Timing of Climate Change Policies, October 10-12, Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Arlington, VA."

Integration At Mid-Life: An Analysis Of The General Social Surveys On Time Use, Zenaida R. Ravanera, Rajulton Fernando

PSC Discussion Papers Series

This paper examines the economic inclusion, political participation, and social belonging of Canadians at mid-life. These are used as indicators of dimensions of integration, an individual-level equivalent of social cohesion. Time allocations among major activities such as paid work, domestic work, and volunteering of those aged 30-54 are analyzed using data gathered through the General Social Survey on Time Use in 1986, 1992, and 1998. The influences of individual, family, and community attributes on inclusion through economic activities, participation through volunteer work with organizations, and feeling of belonging to communities are also examined using the data from the 1998 GSS …

How Cohesive Are Canadian Cmas? A Measure Of Social Cohesion Using The National Survey Of Giving, Volunteering, And Participating, Rajulton Fernando, Zenaida R. Ravanera, Roderic Beaujot

PSC Discussion Papers Series

Social cohesion is a concept difficult to define and to measure. As there can be many definitions, so there can be many measurements. The main problem, either in defining or measuring the concept, is its multi-level and multi-dimensional nature. At one extreme, country is the most commonly used level to view social cohesion but measurement at this level is of little use for interventions. At the other extreme, community is the most useful level but it is a social construct for which data are difficult to obtain, given the administrative boundaries used in social surveys. As an initial attempt to …

Jackson, Rev. Albert And Clemmie, Maureen Elgersman Lee

Home Is Where I Make It Oral History Project

(Clemmie not pictured)

Rev. Albert Jackson was born in Slabfork, West Virginia, in 1942. At the time of this interview, he had been living in the Lewiston Auburn area for around forty three years. Clemmie Jackson, Rev. Jackson’s wife, was born in Marengo County, Alabama, in 1948; at the time of this interview, she had been living in Lewiston Auburn for around three years. The couple had three sons. Rev. Jackson graduated from high school in Lewiston Auburn; Mrs. Jackson graduated high school in Alabama, and received a degree in sociology with a minor in social work from Miles …

Family Change And Economic Well-Being In Canada: The Case Of Recent Immigrant Families With Children, Jianye Liu, Don Kerr

PSC Discussion Papers Series

This paper examines the relationship between family change and economic well-being among recent immigrant families with children to Canada over the 1977-1997 period. Defining recent immigrants as those having migrated within the past decade, this study documents a substantial decline in the average level of economic well being of immigrants who migrated during the 1990s relative to those who migrated in the 1970s and 1980s. Whereas the average income to needs ratio of all Canadian families with children is up modestly over this period, this same generalization is not true when shifting our emphasis to recent immigrants. In this context, …

Relative Participation Of Men And Women In Paid And Unpaid Work: An Analysis Of Variations By Individual, Family And Community Characteristics, Roderic Beaujot, Zenaida R. Ravanera

PSC Discussion Papers Series

On the basis of the 1998 General Social Survey on Time Use, the relative participation in paid and unpaid work of partners in a household is classified into three types: complementary wherein one partner, usually the wife, does more unpaid work while the other partner does more paid work; double burden wherein one partner does more unpaid work while doing more or the same amount of paid work; and shared roles wherein both partners do about the same amount unpaid work. Couples who are cohabiting, and couples where both partners are working fulltime, have a higher likelihood of both shared …

Charting The Growth Of Canada’S Aboriginal Populations: Problems, Options And Implications, Eric Guimond, Don Kerr, Roderic Beaujot

PSC Discussion Papers Series

Toward the end of the 20th century, the number of persons reporting Aboriginal ancestry in the Canadian Census increased in a rather dramatic manner. For example, in the 2001 Canadian Census, over 1.3 million Canadians reported an Aboriginal origin, which is an increase of about 20 percent over the previous census in 1996. Given that much confusion and inadequate information characterises public discussions of the demographics of Canada’s Aboriginal population, this paper will review the most fundamental data sources and definitions that have been used in documenting the characteristics of this population, as well as outline some of the most …

Fertility Of Canadian Men: Levels, Trends, And Correlates, Zenaida R. Ravanera, Rajulton Fernando

PSC Discussion Papers Series

Abstract not available

Accessibility, Settlement Dispersion, And Unemployment In Slovakia, Pavol Hurbanek

Student Work

The thesis examines the relationship between accessibility and unemployment and the relationship between settlement dispersion and unemployment in Slovakia. The two main hypotheses are as follows: First, the settlements with lower accessibility have higher rates of unemployment. Second, because the areas of dispersed settlement most likely experience poor accessibility, these areas have also higher rates of unemployment. While Slovakia is the main study area, additional analysis is conducted in the case-study region of the Myjava and Skalica Counties in the western part of Slovakia. Several methods are used to evaluate accessibility and settlement dispersion. Container approach and distance approach are …

"The History Of Sexuality--Volume I: An Introduction" Summary And Contemplation, Kathryn Wehr '04

Undergraduate Review

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Immigration On The Canadian Population: Replacement Migration?, Roderic Beaujot

PSC Discussion Papers Series

Immigration has a substantial influence on the size and growth of the population and the labour force, and also considerable influence on the socio-cultural composition, as seen through ethnicity, language and visible minority status. Given the uneven distribution of immigrants over regions, and their subsequent re-migration patterns, immigration accentuates the growth of the largest cities. Immigration enhances the educational profile of the population, but controlling for age, immigrants now have lower proportions in the labour force, lower average income and higher proportions with low income status. Replacement migration can be defined in various ways. An immigration of about 225,000 would …

Women’S Educational Attainment And The Timing Of Parenthood In Ghana: A Cohort Perspective, Stephen Obeng Gyimah

PSC Discussion Papers Series

This paper examines the effects of women’s educational attainment on the timing of parenthood in Ghana. Given the more enhanced career opportunities in recent years, it is argued that the opportunity cost of parenthood may be higher for contemporary educated women, and as such, they are expected to delay parenthood for longer periods than their counterparts in the past. Using data from the 1998 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, we found that while higher educational attainment was associated with delayed parenthood, significant cohort differences were noticeable. Consistent with our expectations, the effect of higher educational attainment was substantially greater among …

Multiple Causes-Of-Death Statistics In South Africa: Their Utility And Changing Profile Over The Period 1997 To 2001, Sulaiman Bah

PSC Discussion Papers Series

Abstract not available

Demographics And The Changing Canadian Family, Roderic Beaujot

PSC Discussion Papers Series

This paper starts with a synthesis of changes in families, work (paid and unpaid), reproduction, and the situation of children and youth. Alternate models of family policy are then elaborated, along with a discussion of policies in given domains associated with earning and caring, the division of labour, children and lone parents. Taking seriously the interest to arrive at a model that would increase the overlap in the earning and caring activities of men and women, the paper ends with a suggestion based on shared parental leave and part-time work, followed by the early entry of children to nursery schools …

Supporting And Being Supported: Receiving And Providing Social Support In Mothers Of Young Children, Jennifer S. Feenstra

Doctoral Dissertations

Social support research has long focused on one aspect of support, receiving support. The present study expands social support to include both receiving and providing support, applies the ideas of social exchange theory to this expanded concept, and test hypotheses pertaining to this broader definition of social support. The emotional, tangible, and information/advice support received from and provided to sixty-five mothers of young children in their relationships with their spouse, parents, and others was assessed on a weekly basis for four weeks. Greater perceived support from friends and family and greater support received and provided in the relationship with spouse …

Law Enforcement Dilemmas In The Investigation Of Internet Sex Crimes Against Minors, Melissa Wells

Doctoral Dissertations

This study examines dilemmas associated with the investigation of Internet sex crimes against minors. Data collected from a national sample of law enforcement agents provide insights into complications of three types of cases: (1) Internet crimes against identified victims, (2) Internet solicitations to undercover law enforcement, and (3) Internet child pornography crimes.

A mail survey of United States law enforcement agencies identified two samples of Internet sex crimes against minors. The first sample consisted of 464 investigations in which an arrest was made, and the second sample included 68 cases in which no arrest was made. Telephone surveys were used …

Social Care Portfolio: An Aid To Integrated Learning And Reflection, Gay Graham, Bridgit Megarry

Articles

The focus of the paper is on the use of a specifically designed portfolio in social care training as an aid to both integrated learning and reflection. Integrated learning is achieved through the use of discrete sections in the portfolio which require students to discuss their practice placement agencies from perspectives that demonstrate their understanding of subjects such as theories and practices of social care, psychology, social policy, legal studies. Reflection, which is considered a core element of social care training, is examined as a learning tool. A model for the promotion of reflection is presented which utilises peer learning, …

What Are Four-Year-Olds Doing At School?:Reconciling Current Knowledge About Learning In Young Children With Early Educational Pedagogy, Noirin Hayes

Other resources

The title of the thesis is ‘What are four-year-olds doing at school? Reconciling current knowledge about learning in young children with early educational pedagogy.’ The study addresses the question of four-year-olds at school on two levels. On the one hand, the study describes what four-year-olds are doing at school. Using data from the IEA Preprimary Project1 the thesis provides information on parental and teacher expectations for 203 four-year-olds and presents details of the observed behaviour of the children and their teachers in school. Some of this data has been reported elsewhere (Hayes, O’Flaherty and Kernan, 1997). Additional analysis has been …

Does The Number Matter: An Investigative Study Of The Relationship Between Household Composition And Juvenile Delinquency, Littisha A. Scott

McNair Scholars Journal

Single-parent households have been stigmatized and blamed for many social problems including increased rates of juvenile delinquency. I argue that single-parent households do not directly contribute to juvenile delinquency. Rather, socioeconomic status, the amount of human capital invested in each child, and parental involvement all play a significant role in the outcome being examined. Questionnaires received from 225 respondents will be analyzed so as to investigate the relationship between household resources and juvenile delinquency. I will examine the predictors of delinquency through an examination of twelve selected acts of delinquency.

Emergence And Artificial Life, Nil H. Kilicay, Cihan H. Dagli

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper focuses on emergent phenomena and the utilization of computer simulations, basically agent-based modeling to understand emergent phenomena. Agent-based simulation models have a promising future in the social sciences, from management to economies, political science, sociology and anthropology. This paper attempts to realize their full scientific potential by reviewing recent applications in engineering management and addresses the set of challenges confronted by this method. Common methodology for constructing an agent-based model is also discussed with the aim of highlighting how artificial life and management can be brought together to develop decision making aid tools.

Montana's Rural Elderly, Keila M. Szpaller

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Self-Control Vs. Social Control As An Explanation For Delinquency., Marcel Joseph Parent

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although Gottfredson and Hirschi's (1990) General Theory of Crime has received much more attention over the last decade than that of Hirschi's (1969) Social Control Theory, it is imperative that the latter theory's contribution not be overlooked. Social Control Theory posits that delinquent acts result when an individuals bond to society is weak or broken. Hirschi proposed that the four elements comprising the social bond are attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. Due to the shortcomings of Social Control Theory's ability to explain delinquency, Gottfredson in collaboration with Hirschi (1990) formulated the General Theory of Crime. At the heart of the …

The Serial Murder Of Sex Workers: The Social Construction Of Serial Killers By Sex Worker Advocacy Groups, Heidi Rebecca Charlotte Baker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Historic, academic and popular discourses on the serial murder of prostitutes have failed to incorporate the voices of victimized sex workers and their advocates. To fill this void, this thesis investigates how the serial murder of prostitutes is socially constructed by sex worker advocacy groups. Using standard content analysis techniques, it analyzes on-line texts generated by sex worker advocacy groups that are seeking to raise awareness of the victimization of sex workers by serial murderers. It additionally analyzes on-line news media accounts of these advocacy efforts beyond the Internet. Advocacy efforts have brought victimization of prostitutes to public attention and …

Sex Offenders And The Criminal Justice System: An Exploration Of Public Opinion., Michelle Anne Coghlan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This action-based research explored public opinion about sex offenses and how the criminal justice system should handle sex offenders, especially at the time of their release from prison and reintegration into the community. Sex offenses are crimes that people fear and they look to the criminal justice system for a solution to reduce fear and increase community safety. To date, previous work has largely neglected public opinion related to the treatment and release of sex offenders. Yet, public perceptions and beliefs can produce strong advocacy movements and attract considerable media attention. Qualitative methods were used to gather information from people …

Theoretical Perspective On Mutliple Risk Behaviour: The Influence Of Social Capital On Substance Use And Sexual-Risk Taking Among Young Men And Women., Sheri-Lynn. Medaglia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of social capital on adolescent binge drinking, smoking and sexual behaviour, focusing specifically on the conceptualizations of social capital promulgated by three prominent theorists: Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman and Robert Putnam. The data used for this study is a sub-sample extracted from Statistic Canada's 1996--1997 National Population Health Survey. The sample for the present study comprises 2159 male respondents and 2019 female respondents between the ages of 15 and 19 years. The methods of analysis include ordinary least squares and logistic regressions. Risk behaviours were tested separately and in a …