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Storm Surges In The Region Of Western Alaska, Warren Blier, Stanley Keefe, Wilson Shaffer, Sung C. Kim

VIMS Articles

Within the period of the historical record there have been several occurrences of extensive damage from storm-surge-related coastal flooding in the region of Nome, Alaska. The most recent of these events, although by no means the most destructive, occurred in association with the storm of 5–6 October 1992. Despite the small population of Nome (approximately 4000 people), total damage costs exceeded $6 million. The research into the nature and causes of such flooding events has focused on this October 1992 case. The authors have, however, also examined a weaker, shorter-duration event that occurred on 20 August 1993 and, for contrast, …

Sensitivity Of Bottom Stress And Bottom Roughness Estimates To Density Stratification, Eckernforde Bay, Southern Baltic Sea, Carl T. Friedrichs, Ld Wright

VIMS Articles

Thermohaline density stratification may significantly alter the classic near-bottom logarithmic velocity profile in many weak to moderately energetic, partially mixed estuaries. Results from Eckernforde Bay suggest fits to log profiles which neglect thermohaline stratification may lead to overestimates of bottom stress and roughness of the order of 130 % and 600 %, respectively. Measurements of velocity obtained at four heights within 1 m of the seabed are input to theoretical models for velocity shear derived via dimensional arguments for the ''overlap'' layer. Previous investigators applying dimensional arguments to thermohaline stratification in estuaries have assumed buoyancy flux to be independent of …

Storm Surges In The Region Of Western Alaska, Warren Blier, Stanley Keefe, Wilson A. Shaffer, Sung C. Kim

VIMS Articles

Within the period of the historical record there have been several occurrences of extensive damage from storm-surge-related coastal flooding in the region of Nome, Alaska. The most recent of these events, although by no means the most destructive, occurred in association with the storm of 5–6 October 1992. Despite the small population of Nome (approximately 4000 people), total damage costs exceeded $6 million.

The research into the nature and causes of such flooding events has focused on this October 1992 case. The authors have, however, also examined a weaker, shorter-duration event that occurred on 20 August 1993 and, for contrast, …

Trophic Effects Of Sponge Feeding Within Lake Baikal's Littoral Zone .2. Sponge Abundance, Diet, Feeding Efficiency, And Carbon Flux, Aj Pile, Mark R. Patterson, M. Savarese, V I. Chernykh, V A. Fialkov

VIMS Articles

Endemic freshwater demosponges in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal, Russia, dominate the benthic biomass, covering 44% of the benthos. We measured in situ sponge abundance and,orating and calculated sponge-mediated Fluxes of picoplankton (plankton <2 mu m) for two common species, Baikalospongia intermedia and Baikalospongia bacillifera. By means of dual-beam how cytometry, we found retention efficiencies ranging from 58 to 99% for four types of picoplankton: heterotrophic bacteria, Synechococcus-type cyanobacteria, autotrophic picoplankton with one chloroplast, and autotrophic picoplankton with two chloroplasts. By using a general model for organism-mediated fluxes, we conservatively estimate that through active suspension feeding, sponges are a sink for 1.97 g C d(-1) m(-1), mostly from procaryotic cell types. Furthermore, grazing by these extensive sponge communities can create a layer of picoplankton-depleted water overlying the benthic community in this unique lake.