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Level Of Urea In High Grain Diets: Finishing Steer Performance (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Level Of Urea In High Grain Diets: Finishing Steer Performance (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eighty-eight medium-framed crossbred steers (731 lb) were used to identify the optimal level of urea in finishing diets for growth and carcass traits. Diets contained no urea or .5, 1.0, or 1.5% urea (dry matter basis) and no other supplemental protein. Feed efficiency and gain were improved substantially by the first increment of urea (.5%), with little or no improvement from subsequent urea additions. Pooled across level, urea improved feed efficiency by 5.6% and gain by 8.9%, whereas dry matter intake declined 3.3% compared to controls. Regression analysis indicated that the optimal level of urea for gain and feed efficiency …
The Effect Of Copper Sulfate And Zinc Oxide In A Drench On The Gain And Health Of Newly Arrived Calves (1994), F.K. Brazle, Gerald L. Stokka
The Effect Of Copper Sulfate And Zinc Oxide In A Drench On The Gain And Health Of Newly Arrived Calves (1994), F.K. Brazle, Gerald L. Stokka
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred and fifty-four, newly arrived, bull calves averaging 295 lb were either drenched with a copper-zinc (Cu-Zn) solution or water at arrival. The Cu-Zn drench did not affect gains during a 56-day trial. Additionally, no differences occurred in morbidity or the number of antibiotic treatments required per animal.
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations For Birth Weight, Weaning Weight, And Yearling Weight In Polled Hereford Cattle (1994), J.B. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations For Birth Weight, Weaning Weight, And Yearling Weight In Polled Hereford Cattle (1994), J.B. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Performance data from a Polled Hereford herd selected for feed conversion were used in the calculation of heritabilities and genetic correlations for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), and yearling weight (YWT). Direct heritabilities for BWT, WWT, and YWT were .31, .16, and .25, respectively. Corresponding maternal heritabilities for BWT, WWT and YWT were .04, .01, and .18, respectively. With the exception of the correlation between WWT and YWT (.98), the other genetic correlations were low to moderate, ranging from -.27 to .12.
Level Of Urea In High Grain Diets: Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial Protein Production, And Rumen Metabolism (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Level Of Urea In High Grain Diets: Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial Protein Production, And Rumen Metabolism (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four ruminally and duodenally fistulated steers (1228 lb) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of dietary urea level on nutrient digestion, microbial protein production, and rumen metabolism of steers fed a rolled corn diet without urea or with .5, 1.0, or 1.5% urea (dry matter basis) and no other supplemental protein. Rumen digestibilities increased 33% for organic matter and 25% for starch with the first increment (.5%) of urea, but little or no improvement occurred with subsequent urea additions. Apparent rumen nitrogen digestibility decreased linearly, whereas total tract and true ruminal nitrogen …
Payout Characteristics Of Anabolic Agents From Synovex®, Finaplix®, And Revalor® Implants In Finishing Yearling Steers (1994), P.S. Hickman, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.M. Henricks, J. Ernest Minton, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Payout Characteristics Of Anabolic Agents From Synovex®, Finaplix®, And Revalor® Implants In Finishing Yearling Steers (1994), P.S. Hickman, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.M. Henricks, J. Ernest Minton, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forty, individually fed, yearling steers (750 lbs) were used to measure payout characteristics of different trenbolone acetate-containing implants and to correlate those characteristics to growth response. Treatments were 1) control, 2) Synovex-S®, 3) Finaplix-S®, 4) Synovex® plus Finaplix, and 5) Revalor®. Steers were fed a 12% crude protein, corn-based, finishing diet for 112 days. Compared to Revalor, which had a fairly constant payout over time, the combination of Synovex plus Finaplix resulted in higher blood levels of estradiol and trenbolone acetate (TBA) up to 56 days, followed by a relatively rapid decline to 112 days. Despite elevated levels of TBA …
The Effect Of Mass Treatment With Micotil® At Arrival On The Health And Performance Of Long-Hauled Calves (1994), F.K. Brazle
The Effect Of Mass Treatment With Micotil® At Arrival On The Health And Performance Of Long-Hauled Calves (1994), F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Long-hauled calves (n=170 were either mass-medicated with Micotil® or served as controls. Micotil reduced mortality (1.2 vs 8.1%) and morbidity (59.7 vs 75.5%), but it did not improve ADG.
Effect Of Grain Content On The Nutritive Value Of Whole-Plant Corn Silage (1994), R.N. Jr. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, D.L. Holthaus, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
Effect Of Grain Content On The Nutritive Value Of Whole-Plant Corn Silage (1994), R.N. Jr. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, D.L. Holthaus, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of grain content on the nutritive value of corn silage. Whole-plant silage dry matter (DM) increased, whereas neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents decreased as the level of grain increased from 0 to 65% in the reconstituted, whole-plant, corn silages. Using sheep as a model, voluntary DM intake and DM and organic matter (OM) digestibility increased, but crude protein (CP) and ADF digestibilities decreased linearly as grain content increased from 0 to 52.5%. Our results indicate that the optimum level of grain in whole-plant corn silage to maximize …
Effects Of Sorghum Hybrid And Grain Supplementation On The Utilization Of Silage-Based Rations For Growing Cattle (1994), B.S. Dalke, K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Jr. Sonon, D.L. Holthaus, Matthew A. Young
Effects Of Sorghum Hybrid And Grain Supplementation On The Utilization Of Silage-Based Rations For Growing Cattle (1994), B.S. Dalke, K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Jr. Sonon, D.L. Holthaus, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three whole-plant sorghum silages, each with or without 25% added rolled grain sorghum were fed to six medium-framed, ruminally cannulated steers in a 6 x 6 Latin square design. The grain sorghum silage rations (DeKalb 42Y) had the highest DM, OM, and ADF digestibilities; the late-season forage sorghum silage rations (DeKalb FS 25E), the lowest. Digestibility of NDF tended to be highest for the grain sorghum silage, but starch digestibilities were not affected by sorghum hybrid. Ruminal ammonia, acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total VFA concentrations were highest for the grain sorghum silage rations. Grain supplementation increased DM and OM digestibilities …
Relationships Between Lignin Content And Fermentability Of Intact And Chemically Treated Big Bluestem Fiber (1994), R.C. Cochran, G. Towne, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson
Relationships Between Lignin Content And Fermentability Of Intact And Chemically Treated Big Bluestem Fiber (1994), R.C. Cochran, G. Towne, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An accurate assessment of forage quality is required to allow prediction of animal performance. One of the most commonly used methods of forage evaluation is to measure lignin content, with more heavily lignified materials being considered less digestible. Two measures of lignin, acid detergent lignin (ADL) and acetyl bromide lignin (ABL), were assessed with regard to their ability to predict forage digestibility. Big bluestem forage samples were collected from three ungrazed, annually burned pastures at 38, 58, and 97 days postburn. These times were selected to represent a broad range of forage quality. Cell wall material was treated chemically by: …
Factors Influencing First-Service Conception And Overall Pregnancy Rates In Commercial Beef Heifers (1994), S.D. Utter, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, M.F. Spire, M.D. Butine
Factors Influencing First-Service Conception And Overall Pregnancy Rates In Commercial Beef Heifers (1994), S.D. Utter, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, M.F. Spire, M.D. Butine
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Commercial beef heifers (n=1863) from 16 different sources were used to evaluate the influence of management practices and biological traits on first-service conception and overall pregnancy rates. Frame score, initial weight, overall ADG, body condition score, reproductive tract score, source, AI technician, and AI sire significantly influenced first-service conception. Overall pregnancy rates were influenced by frame score, body weight, and ADG.
Among-Breed Estimates Of Heritability For Birth Weight, Weaning Weight, And Mature Cow Weight (1994), K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke
Among-Breed Estimates Of Heritability For Birth Weight, Weaning Weight, And Mature Cow Weight (1994), K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from a rotational crossbreeding study was used to calculate among-breed heritabilities of birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), and mature cow weight at 5 years of age. The among-breed estimates were higher than previous within-breed estimates because of the inclusion of genetic differences between breeds. Maternal effects for BWT and WWT also were calculated. These estimates allow for comparisons among breeds and for the eventual calculation of EPDs for hybrid cattle.
Restricting Calf Presence Without Suckling Shortens Postpartum Interval To First Ovulation (1994), D.P. Hoffman, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Restricting Calf Presence Without Suckling Shortens Postpartum Interval To First Ovulation (1994), D.P. Hoffman, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The suckling interaction between a cow and her calf is one of the factors that maintains a cow in postpartum anestrus (the period between calving and the beginning of first estrous cycle). Anestrus continues if the cow perceives that her calf is attempting to nurse, even when the mammary glands have been denervated or removed. Cross-fostering of an alien calf to a cow fails to maintain postpartum anestrus, indicating that cow-calf recognition is also a factor. We restricted calves so they could nuzzle the cow's head and neck but could not suckle. Compared with weaning calves 1 wk postpartum, restriction …
Puberty And Breeding Performance Of Beef Heifers Developed At Different Rates Of Gain (1994), J. Ernest Minton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., C.M. Coughlin, R.C. Cochran
Puberty And Breeding Performance Of Beef Heifers Developed At Different Rates Of Gain (1994), J. Ernest Minton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., C.M. Coughlin, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crossbred heifers (546 lb initial body weight) were developed in drylot and limit-fed a corn, corn silage diet to gain .5 (n = 14), 1.0 (n = 15), 1.5 (n = 14), or 2.0 lb/d (n = 15) from Dec. 7, 1992 until the onset of the breeding season, May 3, 1993. Actual daily gains averaged 1.0, 1.4, 1.8, and 2.1 lb/d, respectively. Age at puberty was not affected by feeding treatment. At the onset of the breeding season, nutritional treatment had a linear effect on body condition score, ribeye fat thickness (both P<.01), and reproductive tract score (P<.05), all increasing with increasing rate of gain. Nutritional treatment had a quadratic effect on pelvic area (P<.05), which averaged 190.6, 201.6, 206.5, and 205.3 cm2 for heifers fed to gain .5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 lb/d, respectively. At the conclusion of the development period, estrus was synchronized, and heifers were inseminated artificially at estrus for 45 days and, if open, mated naturally for another 17 d. Overall pregnancy rates were similar among heifers fed to gain .5, 1.0, and 1.5 lb/d (92.9, 93.3, and 92.9%, respectively), and all tended to be greater (P<.09) than the rate for heifers fed to gain 2.0 lb/d (66.7%). In summary, NRC recommendations underestimated gain of limit-fed heifers at lower predicted rates of gain. Thus, even though heifers fed to gain only .5 lb/d had lower body condition scores and reproductive tract scores at the onset of the breeding season, their actual body weight gains (1.0 lb/d) were sufficient for normal onset of puberty and subsequent conception. In addition, heifers fed to achieve relatively high rates of gain (2.0 lb/d) during development may have had impaired fertility.
Effect Of Lactic Acid Sprays On Shelf Life And Microbiological Safety Of Beef Subprimals (1994), R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Effect Of Lactic Acid Sprays On Shelf Life And Microbiological Safety Of Beef Subprimals (1994), R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef loins were sprayed with 1.5% lactic acid either before or after vacuum storage, both before and after vacuum storage, and before vacuum packaging followed by a water spray after storage. We stored treated loins at either 30EF or 36EF for up to 126 days in vacuum packages. Nonsprayed or nonstored loins served as controls. Total aerobic plate counts (APCs) and tests for presence/absence of two important foodborne pathogens, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, were conducted during storage. Acid spraying prior to vacuum packaging was more effective in reducing bacterial contamination than spraying after storage. However, counts were reduced (P<.05) for only 28 days of storage. Most loins stored at 30EF had lower APCs than those stored at 36EF. Salmonella was not detected in any samples. Twenty-eight percent of nonacid treated and 4 percent of acid-treated loins were positive for Listeria spp. with L. monocytogenes found from one nonacid-treated loin. No change in visual color was observed in acid-treated loins. Appropriate timing of acid s praying in combination with lower storage temperature can improve the keeping quality and microbial safety of meat.
Use Of Oxyrase® Enzyme To Enhance Recovery Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 From Culture Media And Ground Beef (1994), H. Thippareddi, K. Kone, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Use Of Oxyrase® Enzyme To Enhance Recovery Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 From Culture Media And Ground Beef (1994), H. Thippareddi, K. Kone, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a bacterium that has caused great concern in the meat and food industry during the last few years because of several, well-publicized, disease outbreaks, including the incident at the Jackin- the-Box fast food chain in Seattle, Washington. The organism can cause severe sickness and even death in certain population groups. To better assure meat safety, federal meat inspection is focusing on developing rapid methods to detect this disease agent and others. Oxyrase is a commercially available enzyme that can accelerate the growth of some bacteria. Current techniques for isolation and culturing of E. coli O157:H7 from …
Implanting Suckling Heifer Calves: Growth And Subsequent Performance (1994), D.D. Simms
Implanting Suckling Heifer Calves: Growth And Subsequent Performance (1994), D.D. Simms
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 361, suckling, heifer calves was used over a 2-year period to assess the effects of implanting with either Ralgro® or Synovex-C® on growth and subsequent performance as replacement females. Both implants increased (P<.01 ) weaning weights over that of controls, with the weight increase being retained by yearlings. Pelvic area also was increased at 1 year of age by both implants, with Synovex-C producing larger (P<.01) pelvic areas than Ralgro. However, just prior to calving, body weight and pelvic area were similar among treatments. Uterine scores, cycling activity prior to breeding, percentage exhibiting estrus, and pregnancy percentage were similar for all treatments. Implanting tended to reduce first-service conception rates. Synovex-C implanted heifers calved later (P<.05) than Ralgro-implanted heifers and, consequently, their calves tended to be lighter at weaning. Levels of calving difficulty we r e similar for all treatments. In summary, implanting suckling heifer calves at 2-4 months of age will increase growth rate, but this research indicates some potential for reduction in reproductive performance.
Dormant, Tallgrass-Prairie Forage: Influence Of Ruminal Degradable Protein On Intake By Beef Cows And Fermentation Characteristics (1994), H.H. Koster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, G. St Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Dormant, Tallgrass-Prairie Forage: Influence Of Ruminal Degradable Protein On Intake By Beef Cows And Fermentation Characteristics (1994), H.H. Koster, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, G. St Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Five ruminally and duodenally fistulated Angus x Hereford cows were fed dormant tallgrass-prairie forage ad libitum to monitor intake and fermentation responses associated with providing increasing amounts of supplemental ruminal degradable protein (RDP). The RDP was provided from sodium caseinate and infused intraruminally immediately before feeding forage. Levels of RDP were 0, 180, 360, 540, and 720 g/d. Maximal intake of dormant, tallgrass-prairie forage occurred with provision of 540 g RDP/d. Ruminal dry matter fill declined with increasing level of RDP infusion. Increasing supplmentation of RDP generally improved ruminal fermentation characteristics.
Effect Of Monensin On Weight Gain, Growth Traits, And Semen Characteristics In Yearling Beef Bulls (1994), C.W. Peters, S.B. Laudert, L.R. Corah, C.L. Krehbiel, David A. Nichols
Effect Of Monensin On Weight Gain, Growth Traits, And Semen Characteristics In Yearling Beef Bulls (1994), C.W. Peters, S.B. Laudert, L.R. Corah, C.L. Krehbiel, David A. Nichols
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding the ionophore monensin to yearling beef bulls improved (P<.05) weight gain by 4.2%. Final hip height was similar between treatments, but bulls fed monensin had almost 1 cm greater (P<.01) scrotal circumference and more than 10 cm 2 larger (P<.01) pelvic area. Semen characteristics generally were unaffected by treatment. However, bulls fed monensin had less (P<.01) semen motility than controls. Approximately 30 sperm morphology traits were evaluated; values were similar between treatments except for those traits listed. Collection date tended to influence (P<.15) volume, concentration, motility, and postfreeze characteristics.
Decontamination Of Beef Carcasses And Subprimal Cuts (1994), Curtis L. Kastner, P.B. Kenney, R.E. Campbell, R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, C.M. Garcia Zepeda
Decontamination Of Beef Carcasses And Subprimal Cuts (1994), Curtis L. Kastner, P.B. Kenney, R.E. Campbell, R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, C.M. Garcia Zepeda
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lactic acid sprays effectively reduce the microbial load on both carcasses and subprimal cuts. Lactic acid decontamination of subprimals appears to carry through to retail cuts during display. Because of recontamination during fabrication, treating subprimals may be more effective than treating carcasses. This information will allow us to identify the most critical control points at which to employ decontamination practices designed to reduce the incidence of pathogenic bacteria and extend shelf life.
Estimates Of Genetic And Phenotypic Parameters For Carcass And Meat Traits Of Beef Cattle (1994), K.E. Gregory, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, M. Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman
Estimates Of Genetic And Phenotypic Parameters For Carcass And Meat Traits Of Beef Cattle (1994), K.E. Gregory, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, M. Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from nine parental breeds and three composite populations described in the preceding article were used to calculate heritabilities and phenotypic and genotypic correlations among carcass and meat traits. Phenotypic correlations indicated that marbling was a poor predictor of longissimus muscle palatability attributes of the individual carcasses. Heritability estimates were intermediate to high for fatness measures but generally low for palatability attributes. The high negative genetic correlation (-.56) between percentage of retail product and marbling score and the relatively low genetic correlations between percentage of retail product and palatability attributes suggest simultaneous selection for percentage of retail product and palatability, …
Source And Level Of Crude Protein For Implanted Finishing Steers (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Source And Level Of Crude Protein For Implanted Finishing Steers (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred medium-framed, crossbred steers (738 lb) were used to compare non-protein nitrogen to natural protein supplementation of finishing diets for implanted steers. Diets were formulate d to contain 11.5 or 13.5% crude protein and were supplemented with either urea or soybean meal. A fifth treatment of cottonseed meal supplementation (13.5% dietary crude protein) was added to evaluate differences between natural sources of rumen degradable protein. Steers were implanted with Revalor® and fed for 132 days. During the first 70 days, daily gain and feed efficiency were improved 8.8 and 6.1%, respectively, for steers supplemented with soybean meal vs urea. …
D- Vs L-Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers (1994), C.G. Campbell, G. St. Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
D- Vs L-Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers (1994), C.G. Campbell, G. St. Jean, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Increasing the amino acid supply to the small intestine of growing cattle can increase performance, if specific amino acids are limiting. Although this can be accomplished by feeding rumen undegradable protein, a more economical approach may be supplementing only those amino acids that actually limit performance, but in a form that will bypass the rumen. Methionine (MET) is thought to be a limiting amino acid for growing cattle. DL-MET, a 50 :50 mixture of natural methionine (L-MET) and the unnatural optical isomer (D-MET) is used widely in monogastric rations. Ruminally protected DL-methionine is also available for cattle; however, little information …
Effect Of Rumen-Escape Protein Level On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Implanted Vs Nonimplanted Yearling Steers (1994), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Christopher D. Reinhardt
Effect Of Rumen-Escape Protein Level On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Implanted Vs Nonimplanted Yearling Steers (1994), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Christopher D. Reinhardt
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred eighty yearling steers (743 lb) were blocked by weight; implanted with Synovex® (S), Synovex plus Finaplix® (SF), or not implanted (C); and fed diets containing 11.75% (L), 13.0% (M), or 14.25% (H) crude protein with all supplemental protein above 11.75% being supplied by corn gluten meal and blood meal in a 50:50 ratio (crude protein basis). An addition al protein level fed to S and SF implanted cattle was H for the first 70 days on feed and L thereafter (H-L). Animals were reimplanted on day 70. Steers treated with SF gained faster and more efficiently than non-implanted …
Effects Of Alfalfa Form And Level On Subacute Acidosis (1994), B.J. Healy, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.M. Gramlich
Effects Of Alfalfa Form And Level On Subacute Acidosis (1994), B.J. Healy, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.M. Gramlich
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eight ruminally cannulated crossbred steers (1225 lb) were used to investigate the effects of 5 vs 10% alfalfa hay or pellets on rumen characteristics during subacute acidosis. Alfalfa hay was obtained from one source, and alternate bales were either chopped (3- to 4-inch length) or ground and pelleted (3/8-inch pellet). Intake during the recovery period after feed challenges tended (P=.12) to be greater for diets containing 10% alfalfa. Duration of rumen pH below 5.5 was less for diets with chopped vs pelleted (P<.10) or 10 vs 5% (P<.05) alfalfa. Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations during the challenge ph ase and for the overall experimental period were increased (P<.05) when steers were fed 5 vs 10% alfalfa diets but were similar during the baseline and recovery periods. The higher pH and lower VFA concentration resulting from feeding 10% alfalfa diets suggest that steers fed a moderate amount of roughage can withstand greater fluctuations in intake without developing acidosis.
Effect Of Lasalocid And Length Of Morning Grazing On Weight And Shrink Of Steers Grazing Bromegrass Pastures (1994), K.P. Coffey, F.K. Brazle, Joseph L. Moyer
Effect Of Lasalocid And Length Of Morning Grazing On Weight And Shrink Of Steers Grazing Bromegrass Pastures (1994), K.P. Coffey, F.K. Brazle, Joseph L. Moyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 72 mixed breed steer s from two sources was used in an experiment to determine the effect of lasalocid and length of morning grazing prior to weighing on weight and shrink of steers grazing smooth bromegrass pastures. Steers were divided into eight groups and weighed at either 6, 7, 8, or 9 a.m. on 4 separate days. Half of the steers received a control mineral mixture and half received a mineral mixture containing lasalocid. Weights of purchased steers having an excitable disposition were not affected (P>.10) by length of morning grazing prior to weighing. However, weights …
Commercial Cattle Producers: Bull Selection Criteria (1994), D.D. Simms, J.M. Geske, R.P. Bolze
Commercial Cattle Producers: Bull Selection Criteria (1994), D.D. Simms, J.M. Geske, R.P. Bolze
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A survey of 312 commercial cattle producers was conducted to determine the relative importance of selection criteria used in buying bulls. Calving ease was a major consideration of a high percentage of producers, and individual performance was being emphasized more than expected progeny differences (EPDs). Only 23% of the producers included EPDs in their first three selection criteria. Visual appraisal focused on structural soundness, length, and muscling.
Continuous-Culture Fermentation As A Tool For Forage Evaluation (1994), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, S. Stafford, G. St Jean, K. C. Olson
Continuous-Culture Fermentation As A Tool For Forage Evaluation (1994), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, S. Stafford, G. St Jean, K. C. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ruminal degradation of organic matter and protein in alfalfa and prairie hay were evaluated in vivo, using cannulated cows, and in vitro, using a continuous-culture fermenter to simulate ruminal fermentation. Estimates of organic matter degradability, microbial N flow per unit feed N input, and efficiency of microbial growth were not different (P>.10) between the in vivo and in vitro systems. However, for both forages, estimates of nitrogen degradability were greater with the in vitro system. Despite the differences between in vivo and in vitro techniques for some variables, continuous-culture fermentation will allow us to compare the effects of dietary …
Effect Of Lactic Acid Sprays On Shelf Life And Microbiological Safety Of Beef Subprimals (1994), R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Effect Of Lactic Acid Sprays On Shelf Life And Microbiological Safety Of Beef Subprimals (1994), R.K. Prasai, L.E. Mease, L.R. Vogt, Donald H. Kropf, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef loins were sprayed with 1.5% lactic acid either before or after vacuum storage, both before and after vacuum storage, and before vacuum packaging followed by a water spray after storage. We stored treated loins at either 30 ÌŠF or 36 ÌŠF for up to 126 days in vacuum packages. Nonsprayed or nonstored loins served as controls. Total aerobic plate counts (APCs) and tests for presence/absence of two important foodborne pathogens, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, were conducted during storage. Acid spraying prior to vacuum packaging was more effective in reducing bacterial contamination than spraying after storage. However, counts were …
Breed Effects And Retained Heterosis For Growth, Carcass, And Meat Traits In Advanced Generations Of Composite Populations Of Beef Cattle (1994), K.E. Gregory, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, M. Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman
Breed Effects And Retained Heterosis For Growth, Carcass, And Meat Traits In Advanced Generations Of Composite Populations Of Beef Cattle (1994), K.E. Gregory, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, M. Koohmaraie, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Retained heterosis for growth, carcass, and meat traits was estimated in F3 generation steer progeny in three composite populations finished on two levels of dietary energy density (2.82 MCal ME and 3.07 MCal ME, and 11.5 % CP) and serially slaughtered at four endpoints at intervals of 20 to 22 days. Breed effects were evaluated in the nine parental breeds of Red Poll (RP), Hereford (H), Angus (A), Limousin (L), Braunvieh (B), Pinzgauer (P), Gelbvieh (G) , Simmental (S), and Charolais (C) that contributed to the three "˜composite' populations. MARC-I was l/4 B, l/4 C, l/4 L, l/8 H, and …
Roughage Levels And Comparison Of Mixed Rations Vs Self-Feeders In Whole Shelled Corn Finishing Programs (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.A. Shuey
Roughage Levels And Comparison Of Mixed Rations Vs Self-Feeders In Whole Shelled Corn Finishing Programs (1994), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.A. Shuey
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two trials were conducted to evaluate roughage levels in whole shelled-corn finishing diets and to compare use of self-feeders to a total mixed ration in a whole corn program. In trial 1, steers were fed whole corn diets alone or with 4 or 8% roughage or a rolled corn diet with 8% roughage. Increasing the roughage level increased dry matter in take, feed required per unit of gain, and carcass weight and finish, and reduced the incidence of liver abscesses. Despite better feed efficiency and lower costs of gain, reducing the dietary roughage level reduced profitability because of lighter slaughter …