Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (36)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (30)
- Life Sciences (29)
- Psychology (28)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (16)
-
- Biological Psychology (11)
- Mental and Social Health (9)
- Medical Sciences (8)
- Substance Abuse and Addiction (8)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (7)
- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms (6)
- Experimental Analysis of Behavior (6)
- Neurosciences (6)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health (6)
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (6)
- Behavioral Neurobiology (5)
- Biology (5)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (5)
- Toxicology (5)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (4)
- Chemicals and Drugs (4)
- Chemistry (4)
- Anatomy (3)
- Applied Behavior Analysis (3)
- Legal Studies (3)
- Medical Neurobiology (3)
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Design (3)
- Physiology (3)
- Animal Structures (2)
- Animal Studies (2)
- Institution
-
- University of Kentucky (13)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (10)
- Medical University of South Carolina (9)
- California State University, San Bernardino (6)
- Georgia State University (4)
-
- Virginia Commonwealth University (4)
- Marquette University (3)
- Old Dominion University (3)
- University of South Carolina (3)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (3)
- University of Texas at El Paso (3)
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (3)
- Western Michigan University (3)
- Illinois State University (2)
- Trinity College (2)
- University of Connecticut (2)
- University of Memphis (2)
- University of Miami (2)
- University of Mississippi (2)
- University of South Florida (2)
- Western University (2)
- Augsburg University (1)
- Brigham Young University (1)
- Claremont Colleges (1)
- Duquesne University (1)
- East Tennessee State University (1)
- Eastern Michigan University (1)
- Langston University (1)
- Louisiana State University (1)
- Loyola University Chicago (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (14)
- MUSC Theses and Dissertations (9)
- Theses and Dissertations--Psychology (9)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (5)
- Student Theses (4)
-
- Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy (4)
- Dissertations (3)
- Dissertations (1934 -) (3)
- Dissertations and Theses (3)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (3)
- Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations (3)
- Open Access Dissertations (3)
- Open Access Theses & Dissertations (3)
- Theses Digitization Project (3)
- Theses and Dissertations (ETD) (3)
- Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations (2)
- Doctoral Dissertations (2)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (2)
- Neuroscience Institute Theses (2)
- Senior Theses and Projects (2)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (1)
- CMC Senior Theses (1)
- Chemistry Theses (1)
- Honors Papers (1)
- Honors Theses (1)
- LSU Doctoral Dissertations (1)
- Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024) (1)
- Master's Theses (1)
- Masters Theses (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 103
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Hairry Potter World: Are Gel And Oil The Sorcerers Magic To Altering External Cocaine And Be Concentrations In Hair, Esther Abady
Hairry Potter World: Are Gel And Oil The Sorcerers Magic To Altering External Cocaine And Be Concentrations In Hair, Esther Abady
Student Theses
Hair external contamination poses significant challenges to the interpretation of hair testing results. Previous studies have shown that cosmetic hair treatments can reduce the concentration of drugs already present in the hair shaft. However, the impact of these treatments on externally deposited drugs remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate how gel and oil treatments affect external contamination by cocaine and benzoylecgonine. Fifteen authentic hair samples, with various colors and textures, were collected from volunteers and confirmed negative for cocaine and benzoylecgonine using a fully validated LC-MS/MS method. Each sample was divided into three groups: Group A underwent a …
Altered Sensitivity To Cocaine In Adolescent Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, A Rodent Model Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Ingrid Schoenborn
Altered Sensitivity To Cocaine In Adolescent Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, A Rodent Model Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Ingrid Schoenborn
Senior Theses and Projects
Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at greater risk for psychostimulant abuse compared to those without ADHD. This may be due to alterations in the mesolimbocortical dopamine system; indeed, psychostimulant-induced dopamine release is greater in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs; a rodent model of ADHD) compared to controls. Here, we sought to determine the extent to which neurobehavioral responses to cocaine are altered in adolescent SHRs. To begin to address this question, adolescent male and female SHRs and Sprague Dawley (SD; a reference strain) rats were first assessed for behavioural signs of ADHD, including inattention (Y-maze test) and hyperactivity (open-field …
Prelimbic Cortex Neuronal Assemblies In Behaviors Predictive Of Drug-Seeking Before And After Cocaine Self-Administration, Karla J. Galvan
Prelimbic Cortex Neuronal Assemblies In Behaviors Predictive Of Drug-Seeking Before And After Cocaine Self-Administration, Karla J. Galvan
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Literature has established that there are certain behaviors that are predictive of drug seeking and relapse such as impulsivity, distress tolerance (DT), Pavlovian conditioned approach (PCA), anxiety, and sensation-seeking. However, few studies have examined the behavioral interactions among these tasks and drug-seeking, and none have examined the neural interactions in the prelimbic cortex, which has an essential role in drug-seeking and is implicated in each of the aforementioned behaviors of interest.We therefore hypothesized that certain behaviors including high impulsivity, low distress tolerance, high anxiety, and high locomotor activity would predict high cocaine-seeking. We further hypothesized that the neuronal activity in …
Activity Dynamics Of The Nucleus Accumbens Neurons During Natural And Drug Reward Seeking, Reda M. Chalhoub
Activity Dynamics Of The Nucleus Accumbens Neurons During Natural And Drug Reward Seeking, Reda M. Chalhoub
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
The nucleus accumbens core (NAc) represents a major neural substrate of reward encoding that has been found to play a role in differentially regulating natural and drug rewards, including cocaine. Its constituent D1- and D2- receptor expressing medium spiny neurons (MSN) are alternatively hypothesized to have either opposing effects on reward seeking or a shared role in forming encoding “ensembles” – a sparsely activated population of neurons that encode reward associations- that coordinate behavioral responding to rewards and cues predicting reward availability. Previous methods used to study these neuronal populations failed to temporal quantify the cell-type specific activity in reward …
Neuronal Effects Of Cocaine In An Animal Model Of Social Stress: Analysis Of Neuronal Recordings, Eboni Eddins
Neuronal Effects Of Cocaine In An Animal Model Of Social Stress: Analysis Of Neuronal Recordings, Eboni Eddins
Honors Theses
Studies that use Intermittent (episodic) Social Defeat (ISD) in rats demonstrate that ISD increases cocaine-self administration several weeks after the end of the adverse experience and suggest that a history of social stress makes individuals more vulnerable to substance abuse in the long term. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in regulating drug-seeking behavior. The present study investigates whether ISD enhances the response of mPFC neurons to cocaine. Male Long Evans rats (3-4 months) were implanted with electrode arrays in the mPFC (prelimbic area) and divided into two groups (Control, n= 4; Stress, n= 4). They were …
The Effect Of Henna And Bleach Treatments On Cocaine Hair External Contamination, Alexandra Dombroski
The Effect Of Henna And Bleach Treatments On Cocaine Hair External Contamination, Alexandra Dombroski
Student Theses
Hair external contamination is a challenging phenomenon that may compromise hair testing interpretation. Previous research has found that cosmetic hair treatments can decrease concentrations of drugs that are already present in the hair shaft, however little is known about the impact of these treatments on the hair when the drugs are deposited externally. The aims of the present study were to explore how henna and bleach treatments influence cocaine external contamination. Sixteen authentic hair samples were collected from volunteers with varying hair colors and shapes and were confirmed negative for cocaine and benzoylecgonine by a fully validated LC-MS/MS method. Each …
Assessing The Involvement Of Projections From The Prelimbic Prefrontal Cortex To The Paraventricular Nucleus Of The Thalamus In Cocaine Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety, Clinton Coelho
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Withdrawal from cocaine induces an immediate and powerful negative affective state which is characterized by feelings of agitation and anxiety in humans and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. It has been hypothesized that the anxiogenic effects associated with cocaine withdrawal play a major role in continued cocaine use and drive relapse to cocaine seeking. The prelimbic (PL) medial prefrontal cortex is not only involved in the processing and regulation of negative emotions such as anxiety but also mediates relapse to cocaine-seeking. Subcortical hubs of the reward system that receive projections from the PL neurons are known to be dysregulated during different …
The Role Of Brain Estrogen Receptor Activation In Motivation For Cocaine In Pregnant Sprague Dawley Rats, Sarah Mathew
The Role Of Brain Estrogen Receptor Activation In Motivation For Cocaine In Pregnant Sprague Dawley Rats, Sarah Mathew
Senior Theses and Projects
Cocaine use during pregnancy can have severe consequences for both the mother and baby. In nonpregnant individuals, the sex steroid hormone estradiol acts via its receptors in the brain to enhance motivation for cocaine in females; however, no studies to date have investigated this mechanism in pregnant individuals. To address whether brain estrogen receptor activation is required for motivation to seek cocaine during pregnancy, pregnant rats were first implanted with an intracerebroventricular cannula connected to a subcutaneous pump delivering either the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI or vehicle. Motivation for cocaine was assessed using conditioned place preference (CPP) testing. During this …
Quantifying Psychostimulant-Induced Sensitization Effects On Dopamine And Acetylcholine Release Across Different Timescales, Georg Lange
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Drug-induced behavioral sensitization describes the phenomenon that behavioral response to a drug of abuse is getting stronger if the same psychostimulant is delivered multiple times which is much more pronounced if done in the same environmental context. A proposed neural basis is the formation of an association between contextual cues and the rewarding drug which is mediated by dopamine. Dopamine operates at different timescales and to fully understand dopamine sensitization, it is necessary to investigate dopamine release at slow (tens of minutes) but also faster (sub-second) timescales. But creating a holistic view has been difficult due to a lack of …
The Effects Of Social And Nonsocial Contextual Stimuli On The Renewal Of Cocaine Seeking, Bree Humburg
The Effects Of Social And Nonsocial Contextual Stimuli On The Renewal Of Cocaine Seeking, Bree Humburg
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Those with substance use disorders can undergo craving and relapse when re-exposed to a drug-associated context. This study determined if renewal of cocaine seeking is differentially controlled by contexts consisting of social and/or nonsocial stimuli. Experiment 1, rats self-administered cocaine in Context A which included a social peer and house light illumination. Following self-administration, rats were randomly assigned to an AAA or ABA group for extinction and renewal. For the AAA rats, context was similar to self-administration; for ABA rats, the drug-associated stimuli (peer and house light) were removed (Context B). Following extinction, renewal of cocaine seeking was examined by …
Fecal Concentrations Of Short And Medium Chain Fatty Acids Are Influenced By Postnatal Day, Antibiotic Exposure, And Cocaine Intake In Adolescent And Adult Male Rats., Elizabeth Sambor
Neuroscience Institute Theses
Cocaine addiction is a public health crisis without lasting treatments to prevent relapse, and the adolescent stage of development is associated with risky behavior, such as drug use. The gut-brain axis may be a new target for addiction treatments. Short and medium chain fatty acids (SMCFA) are produced by bacteria in the gut and communicate to the brain, thereby influencing drug reinforcement. This study hypothesized that SMCFA concentrations are reduced by antibiotic-induced gut bacterial depletion and altered by cocaine self-administration in adolescent and adult male Wistar rats. A new method of capillary electrophoresis coupled with indirect photometric detection (CE-IPD) was …
A Serotonin-Mediated Aversive Mechanism Influences Individually Variable Resilience Toacquire And Relapse To Cocaine-Seeking, Ying S. Chao
A Serotonin-Mediated Aversive Mechanism Influences Individually Variable Resilience Toacquire And Relapse To Cocaine-Seeking, Ying S. Chao
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Although cocaine and other psychostimulants are highly rewarding, they also produce aversive effects that influence drug-seeking, and that are stronger in some individuals than others for poorly understood reasons. We now find in rats that cocaine depolarizes neurons of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a major GABAergic afferent to midbrain dopamine neurons, and a driver of punishment learning. This activation is mediated by post-synaptic serotonin 2C receptors, and is particularly strong in subsets of animals having heightened aversive responses to cocaine, among whom it slows the initial acquisition of cocaine self-administration and reduced cue-induced relapse for cocaine after extinction. These …
Response Of Dopaminergic System To Cocaine Exposure, Recovery After Cocaine Abstinence, And Impact Of A Long-Acting Cocaine Hydrolase, Jing Deng
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
Cocaine produces its physiological effects by targeting multiple proteins in the central nervous system, particularly by binding with dopamine transporter (DAT) to block the normal dopamine (DA) recycling process. This process along with the pleasure feeling would wear off shortly after the abstinence from the drug. However, chronic cocaine use is associated with neuroadaptations in the dopaminergic system, including increases in the density of DAT on plasma membrane of dopaminergic neurons. Given the critical role of DAT in neurotransmission, various studies have been carried out on animal models to learn its structure, function, and distribution. Long-standing evidence supports that DAT …
Cocaine Confessions, Eric A. Collins
Cocaine Confessions, Eric A. Collins
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This autoethnography adds my story to the scholarly literature on adolescent drug use. I examine how and why I used cocaine as an adolescent. However, to understand drug use, one must carefully unpack the psychosocial, cultural, environmental, and historical factors that influence this behaviour. Therefore, I explore each of these factors and their influence on my experiences with cocaine. Also, with any personal story about drugs, it is crucial to provide honest and thoughtful narratives about how drug use can affect someone’s life. This approach can help address the misconceptions and stigmas associated with this behaviour. As such, I genuinely …
Cocaine, Cocaethylene And Ethanol In Postmortem Blood Submitted To The New York City Office Of Chief Medical Examiner, Jada T. Alexis
Cocaine, Cocaethylene And Ethanol In Postmortem Blood Submitted To The New York City Office Of Chief Medical Examiner, Jada T. Alexis
Student Theses
Cocaine overdose deaths are on the rise in the United States. This increase may be due to the co-consumption of cocaine with other drugs. When cocaine is ingested in conjunction with alcohol, a specific metabolite called cocaethylene forms. Information regarding cocaethylene, specifically its interpretive value in post-mortem cases, has not been widely studied. Data from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in New York City revealed that there were 195 cases in 2017 positive for cocaethylene. These cases were most likely to involve black (42.1%) males (79.5%) in Manhattan (28.2%) aged 50 - 59 (34.4%). Most of the cases …
Separation Of Short And Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Using Capillary Electrophoresis With Indirect Photometric Detection, Uyen Pham
Chemistry Theses
Short and medium-chain fatty acids (SMCFA) are known as essential metabolites found in gut microbiota that function as modulators in the development and progression of many inflammatory conditions as well as in the regulation of cell metabolism. Currently, there are few simple and low-cost analytical methods available for the determination of SMCFA. This work focuses on the identification and measurement of SMCFA in rat feces utilizing capillary electrophoresis with indirect photometric detection (CE-IPD). In chapter 2, several parameters are optimized for maximum resolution, efficiency, and signal-to-noise ratio of FAs. The developed CE-IPD method is next validated in chapter 3 to …
Views Of Substance Use During Pregnancy: Social Responses To The Issue, Taylor Ruddy
Views Of Substance Use During Pregnancy: Social Responses To The Issue, Taylor Ruddy
Theses and Dissertations
Ever since the emergence of the crack cocaine epidemic and “crack babies”, our society has been concerned with women using substances during their pregnancy. The most appropriate response to this social issue has been heavily debated. Some think that the use of criminal justice initiatives and criminalization is the most effective method in deterring women from using while pregnant, and some promote utilizing public health methods to rehabilitate addicted women. There is a wealth of research and literature around this debate, however, there has not yet been any research examining public opinion on the most appropriate ways to handle this …
Probiotics Attenuate Cocaine-Seeking Behavior In Adult But Not Adolescent Male Rats, Kevin Mesape
Probiotics Attenuate Cocaine-Seeking Behavior In Adult But Not Adolescent Male Rats, Kevin Mesape
Neuroscience Institute Theses
Perturbations to the gut microbiome may boost the use of addictive substances such as cocaine. In animals, antibiotic-induced gut microbiome depletion heightens cocaine-seeking, although adolescent rats appear less sensitive than adults to these perturbations. The purpose of this study was to use adolescent vs. adult male Wistar rats to test two hypotheses: 1) probiotics will reduce cocaine-seeking that has been heightened by antibiotic treatment; and 2) probiotics administered throughout behavioral testing will reduce cocaine-taking and/or -seeking. Rats were catheterized and self-administered cocaine (0.36mg/kg i.v.), then tested for extinction and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking after abstinence. Some rats received antibiotics during self-administration …
The Effects Of Escalated Cocaine Intake On Decision-Making Dynamics, Mcallister Stephens
The Effects Of Escalated Cocaine Intake On Decision-Making Dynamics, Mcallister Stephens
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) is characterized partly by the use of cocaine at the expense of other alternatives, in other words, it is a decision-making pathology (Kalivas & Volkow, 2005). Concurrent choice tasks assess decision-making in a dynamic scenario that more closely resembles real life. Value-based decision-making is an important facet of understanding the addictive properties of drugs of abuse. In order to compare two value-based theories of addiction (habit theory and relative value theory), a concurrent choice task was run in tandem with an escalation procedure. First, animals were trained on a choice task until stable, then trained on …
Cocaine Intake And The Gut Microbiota In Adolescent And Adult Male Rats: A Vicious Cycle?, Gregory Suess
Cocaine Intake And The Gut Microbiota In Adolescent And Adult Male Rats: A Vicious Cycle?, Gregory Suess
Neuroscience Institute Dissertations
Drug addiction is an intractable psychiatric disorder exerting deleterious impact on public health in the United States and beyond. While the neurobiology of addiction has become clearer over the last few decades, addiction therapies remain largely ineffective. Given recent evidence that a gut-brain axis might influence neuropsychiatric disorders, we explored possible links between gut bacteria and cocaine-related behavior. We hypothesized that gut microbial communities and cocaine intake are linked in such way that microbiota profiles can predict susceptibility to drug use and that drug use alters microbiota composition to enhance drug reward, hence resulting in a vicious cycle of drug …
Gender Differences And Neurocognitive Function In Cocaine And Methamphetamine Addiction, Gwendolyn F. Royal-Smith
Gender Differences And Neurocognitive Function In Cocaine And Methamphetamine Addiction, Gwendolyn F. Royal-Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Abstract
Cocaine and methamphetamine-addicted women are more likely to suffer from personal life traumas that lead to persistent and committed drug abuse. In addition to social-psychological problems associated with drug abuse are neuropsychological processes involving specific regions of the brain responsible for working memory, decision-making, and impulse control. Classical and operant conditioning theories of learning provide a paradigm foundation for this quantitative, correlational study that utilized archival data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). I analyzed a randomly selected sample of 186 adults who voluntarily participated in an eight week treatment program for cocaine and methamphetamine (MA) addiction. …
Ketamine Pre-Exposure Does Not Influence Later-Life Responses To Reward-Related Stimuli In Female C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia
Ketamine Pre-Exposure Does Not Influence Later-Life Responses To Reward-Related Stimuli In Female C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Preclinical work indicates that exposure to traditional antidepressant medications, in adolescent and adult female subjects, alters reward-related behavior later in life. In recent years, the anesthetic ketamine (KET), now used as a fast-acting antidepressant, has shown promising therapeutic efficacy for the management of depression. However, the potential long-term behavioral consequences of KET exposure across development have not been thoroughly assessed. Thus, to address this issue, we examined if KET exposure, during adolescence or early adulthood, results in enduring alterations in responsivity to the rewarding properties of sucrose and cocaine later in life. Specifically, female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to …
Predicting Drug Misuse Status Using Machine Learning On Electronic Health Records, Robert Arnold Kania
Predicting Drug Misuse Status Using Machine Learning On Electronic Health Records, Robert Arnold Kania
Master's Theses
Substance misuse is a major problem in the world. in 2014, as many as 52,404 deaths in the US were caused by drug overdoses. in 2001, the monetary cost of drug misuse has been estimated to be 414 billion dollars. in this work, we explore the use of different machine learning algorithms in the prediction of cocaine misuse using structured and unstructured data found in electronic health records. These records contain various attributes that can help with this prediction, including but not limited to chart text data, previous diagnoses of certain diseases and information about the area the patient lives …
Resurgence Of Cocaine-Seeking In Rats Following Long Access And Punishment, Rusty W. Nall
Resurgence Of Cocaine-Seeking In Rats Following Long Access And Punishment, Rusty W. Nall
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Strategies that provide access to alternative non-drug rewards are among the most effective at reducing substance use in individuals with substance use disorders, but relapse often occurs when alternative rewards are removed. Relapse induced by the loss of alternative rewards is called resurgence, and represents a challenge to otherwise effective strategies for reducing drug use. An animal model has been useful for studying resurgence, but the extant model has two limitations. First, humans usually refer to the negative consequences of drug use as the reason they stop taking drugs, but the extant model uses drug unavailability to reduce drug seeking. …
Astrocyte Sensitivity To Dopamine In Culture And Ex Vivo, Ashley L. Galloway
Astrocyte Sensitivity To Dopamine In Culture And Ex Vivo, Ashley L. Galloway
Theses and Dissertations
Dopamine is critical for processing of reward and etiology of drug addiction. Astrocytes throughout the brain express dopamine receptors, but consequences of astrocytic dopamine receptor signaling are not well established. This thesis illustrates effects of dopamine on cultured astrocytes and astrocytes in brain slices (ex vivo). In striatal cultures, extracellular dopamine triggered changes in astrocytic Ca2+ signaling and rapid concentration-dependent stellation of astrocytic processes that was not a result of dopamine oxidation, but instead relied on both cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent dopamine receptor signaling. To isolate possible mechanisms underlying these structural and functional changes, whole-genome RNA sequencing was …
Age-Dependent Effects Of Eedq On Cocaine-Induced Locomotor Activity And D2 Receptor Supersensitivity, Angie Teran
Age-Dependent Effects Of Eedq On Cocaine-Induced Locomotor Activity And D2 Receptor Supersensitivity, Angie Teran
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
The neurochemical changes occurring between the preweanling period and adolescence could be crucial for understanding the role development plays in the manifestation of psychotic behaviors. N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) fully attenuates the DA agonist-induced behaviors of adult rats, while potentiating the DA agonist-induced locomotor activity of preweanling rats. My specific hypotheses were as follows: (1) Systemically administered EEDQ would block the cocaine-induced locomotor activity of adult rats. (2) Systemically administered EEDQ would potentiate the cocaine-induced locomotion of preweanling rats. (3) EEDQ would increase the Emax values (a measure of D2 receptor sensitivity) of preweanling rats, but not adolescent or adult rats. …
Medications Development For Drug Addiction And Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ariful Islam
Medications Development For Drug Addiction And Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ariful Islam
Theses and Dissertations
Drug addiction and abuse especially opiate and psychostimulant abuse is a national and global crisis. IBNtxA (3-iodobenzoyl naltrexamine) is a novel mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, a naloxone derivative, structurally related to the classical MOR antagonist naltrexone. Recent studies suggest IBNtxA preferentially signals through truncated MOR splice variants, producing a unique pharmacological profile resulting in potent analgesia with reduced side effects. It has been found that M. vaccae has immunoregulatory effects that can prevent stress-induced exaggeration of neuroinflammation in the brain. The purpose of our pilot study is to develop medication for addiction and neuropsychiatric disorders. According to our purpose, …
Measuring Glutamate And Oxygen In Brain Reward Circuits In Animal Models Of Cocaine Abuse And Decision-Making, Seth Richard Batten
Measuring Glutamate And Oxygen In Brain Reward Circuits In Animal Models Of Cocaine Abuse And Decision-Making, Seth Richard Batten
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Drug-specific reward and associated effects on neural signaling are often studied between subjects, where one group self-administers drug and a separate group self-administers a natural reinforcer. However, exposure to drugs of abuse can cause long-term neural adaptations that can affect how an organism responds to drug reward, natural reward, and their reward-associated stimuli. Thus, to isolate drug-specific effects it is important to use models that expose the same organism to all of the aforementioned. Multiple schedules provide a means of dissociating the rewarding effects of a drug from the rewarding effects of food within a single animal. Further, drug users …
Discovery Of Novel Pharmacotherapeutics For Substance Use Disorders, Na-Ra Lee
Discovery Of Novel Pharmacotherapeutics For Substance Use Disorders, Na-Ra Lee
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
Substance use disorders are serious health concerns in the United States. Furthermore, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health reports a continuous increase in substance use disorders in the United States during the last 10 years. However, there are not many effective pharmacotherapeutics available for substance use disorders. The current dissertation is focused on research aimed at discovering pharmacotherapeutics for substance use disorders. First part of dissertation focused on discovering methamphetamine (METH) use disorder therapeutics targeting specific mechanism of METH action on dopaminergic neurons. The second part of dissertation focused on opioids and cocaine use disorder therapeutics targeting rewarding …
Salt Detection And The Influence Of Anorectic Drugs Of Abuse In The Taste System, Jennifer Katherine Roebber
Salt Detection And The Influence Of Anorectic Drugs Of Abuse In The Taste System, Jennifer Katherine Roebber
Open Access Dissertations
Taste cells detect five different gustatory modalities: sweet, sour, bitter, umami, and salty. The mechanisms, cells and transductional events that underlie sweet, sour, bitter and umami taste are well characterized. However, salt taste is poorly understood. The ability to detect NaCl is partially, but not fully, blocked by the diuretic amiloride. In both taste buds and in kidneys, a primary target of amiloride is the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). As such, the field has interpreted amiloride sensitive salt taste to rely on Na+ influx through ENaCs while another unknown receptor detects amiloride-insensitive salt taste. The cell type(s), mechanisms and cell-signaling …