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Proximal Associations Of Alcohol Use With Suicidal Ideation And Behaviors In College Students, Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger

Doctoral Dissertations

Despite the high levels of alcohol use among college students, the proximal role it plays in the development of suicide risk is not well understood. A theory-guided understanding of the connection between alcohol use and suicide risk, such as that afforded by the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide and alcohol myopia model, will advance efforts to prevent this leading cause of death in college students. The present dissertation is the first to test an integration of these theories. Using a repeated measures design, daily data on alcohol use and suicidal ideation and behaviors (aborted, interrupted, and actual attempts) were collected from …

Social Anxiety Reduction In The Context Of Social Modeling Utilizing A Placebo Alcohol Beverage, Kyle K. Jackson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Alcohol misuse and elevated social anxiety are found to be highly comorbid, and being exposed to social models consuming alcohol can increase one’s consumption. Yet no research has thus far examined whether the internal experience of alcohol consumption (e.g., social anxiety reduction) can also be transmitted via social modeling. This bar-lab study examined the impact of social modeling behavioral cues of social anxiety on emerging adult drinkers. It was hypothesized that those exposed to a social model experiencing an apparent social anxiety reduction from drinking would themselves report lessened state social anxiety following a placebo drink, and that this effect …

Associations Between Drinking, Condom Use Resistance, And Condom Use Among College Students, Caitlin B. Turner

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Alcohol use and sexual intercourse are common behaviors among young adults in college. Drinking is considered a risk factor for unprotected sexual intercourse. Having condomless sex is associated with increased risk of contracting an STI or becoming pregnant unintentionally. Although correct and consistent condom use protects against such consequences, many individuals may resist condom use during sexual intercourse. As such, condom use resistance beliefs may be the factor through which alcohol reduces condom use. Evidence from Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Alcohol Expectancy Theory, and a body of evidence supports individual beliefs to be predictive of condom use intentions and …

The Effects Of Historical Alcohol Use On Neuropsychological Functioning In Older Adults Following A Traumatic Brain Injury, Ryan Sever

Dissertations

The present study aimed to determine the effects of alcohol abuse and dependence in long term functioning of older adults who have experienced a moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. The research question being answered in the current study was if a history of alcohol abuse or dependence would worsen neuropsychological functioning in older adults who experienced at least one moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Participants of the study were selected from the more extensive database provided by the Brain Aging in Vietnam War Veterans (DOD-ADNI) database. All participants were Vietnam War veterans between the ages of 61 and …

Patterns Of Problem Behaviours Among A Representative Sample Of Youth In Ontario, Chantal Williams

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Behavioural addictions among adolescents are becoming a growing public health concern. It is well established that problem behaviours, particularly substance use behaviours, tend to cluster together. Some research indicates that gambling is associated with substance use, aligning with Problem Behaviour Theory, which suggests that problem behaviours stem from an underlying disposition toward deviance. This study sought to assess whether a) behavioural addictions, including gambling, video gaming and technology use, cluster together and with substance use and b) profiles of problem behaviours are associated with age, race, socioeconomic status, grade achievement, school connectedness, and antisocial behaviour in the total sample and …

A Resource Guide On The Epidemiology, Prevention, And Treatment Of Opioid And Other Substance Use., Anthony F. Rotoloni

Public Health Capstone Projects

In the wake of the opioid epidemic, there is a need to provide sound educational materials that provide succinct and consolidated information on substance use and their disorders. Substance abuse is a public health epidemic and rates of substance abuse in the United States has been growing substantially. Childhood trauma has been shown to be a predictor of engagement in risky behaviors, like substance abuse and risky sexual behaviors later in life. The rates of HIV/STDs have been increasing alongside increases in substance use. Substance use has been found to raise the risk of a person engaging in risky sexual …

An Examination Of Impaired Driving: The Integral Role Of Cognitive And Behavioral Predictors, Andrew Tatch

Theses and Dissertations

Despite modest reductions over previous decades, improvements in impaired driving prevalence have stalled at problematic levels in recent years. Recent self-report data indicate that 20 percent of driving age individuals acknowledge operating a vehicle within two hours of alcohol consumption within the previous year and there are approximately 121 million episodes of impaired driving annually. Extant research has consistently identified specific subgroups, including men, young adults, and individuals with less education, as being high risk for driving under the influence. Additionally, researchers of impaired driving have discerned certain impaired driving-related attitudes and behaviors as important predictors of impaired driving. Despite …

Effects Of Acute Alcohol Intoxication On Bystander Decision Making And Intervention Behavior For Sexual Violence, Ruschelle Leone

Psychology Dissertations

The aims of the proposed study were to (1) test the interactive effects of acute alcohol intoxication and an evidenced-based situational-level predictor (i.e., audience social norms) on the likelihood and speed of sexual aggression intervention, and (2) examine perceived barriers for intervention. Participants were 74 men who were randomly assigned to consume alcohol or a no-alcohol control beverage and engaged in a novel laboratory paradigm in which they and four confederates (two men, two women) watched a female confederate, who reported a strong dislike of sexual content in the media, view a sexually explicit film which they could stop at …

The Impact Of Mother And Adolescent Offspring Distress Reduction Training On Maternal Anxiety And Alcohol Related Behaviors Following Conflict, Sarah Ann Bilsky

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Nearly half of people suffering from psychopathology meet criteria for more than one disorder. Scholars have focused on understanding factors that may simultaneously maintain multiple psychiatric problems. Elevated distress during interpersonal conflict is likely to maintain both alcohol use and anxiety psychopathology. Reducing distress elicited by normative mother-adolescent conflict holds particular promise. Conflict is common in families with problematic drinking and anxiety disorders and the affective impact of parent-offspring conflict is malleable. Distress reduction skills, such as cognitive reappraisal, are effective in reducing distress during conflict. The current study examined the unique and combined effects of training mothers and adolescents …

How Does Alcohol Intoxication Impair Risk Detection Of Sexual Assault? Testing An Integration Of Alcohol Myopia And Social Information Processing Theories, Alexander James Melkonian

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Sexual assault among young adults is a highly prevalent public health concern. Alcohol is often implicated as a risk factor for sexual assault through its impairing effects on an individual’s ability to process and respond to social cues in the environment. The effect of alcohol myopia can result in greater focus of attention on salient environmental cues. The relationship between alcohol intoxication and resulting behavior may depend on what type of information is most salient. The current study examined the effects of alcohol on social information processing as it relates to sexual assault risk detection. Method: Participants were 48 young …

Mechanoreceptor Activation In The Treatment Of Drug-Use Disorders: Mechanism And Outcome, Kyle Bills

Theses and Dissertations

The therapeutic benefits attributed to activation of peripheral mechanoreceptors are poorly understood. There is growing evidence that mechanical stimulation modulates substrates in the supraspinal central nervous system (CNS) that are outside the canonical somatosensory circuits. This work demonstrates that activation of peripheral mechnoreceptors via mechanical stimulation (MStim) is sufficient to increase dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), alter neuron firing rate in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and increase membrane translocation of delta opioid receptors (DORs) in the NAc. Further, we demonstrate that these effects are dependent on DORs and acetylcholine receptors. Additionally, MStim can block neuronal markers of …

Evaluation Of A Brief Online Alcohol Intervention For College Students: The Role Of Race-Specific Normative Feedback, Racial/Ethnic Identity, And Readiness To Change, Jacob Scharer

Dissertations

Brief online interventions are effective for reducing alcohol use among college students. However, some research has suggested that these interventions may be less effective for African American students. This study evaluated the acceptability and efficacy of a widely available brief online alcohol intervention in a sample of African American and Caucasian college students through a randomized controlled trial. The aims of this study were to determine if providing race-specific normative feedback impacted treatment efficacy for African American students, and if this effect was moderated by racial/ethnic identity and readiness to change. Participants were 310 heavy drinking African American and Caucasian …

The Bidirectionality Of Impulsivity And Alcohol Use: An Ecological Momentary Examination Among Emerging Adults, Amy L. Stamates

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Impulsivity is a robust risk factor for alcohol use among emerging adults (i.e., 18 to 25), but significant gaps remain in our understanding of the way that impulsivity relates to alcohol harms. Most prior research has been limited to between-level differences; thus, within-person variability in impulsivity at the momentary level and its bidirectional association with alcohol use has not been examined. Consequently, the present research used a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design to: (1) determine momentary impulsivity as a predictor of subsequent alcohol use and problems; (2) examine the influence of alcohol use on subsequent impulsivity; (3) test socio-cognitive …

Identification Of Novel Cyp2e1 Inhibitor To Investigate Cellular And Exosomal Cyp2e1-Mediated Toxicity, Mohammad Arifur Rahman

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-mediated hepatic and extra-hepatic toxicity is of significant clinical importance. Diallyl sulfide (DAS) has been shown to prevent xenobiotics such as alcohol- (ALC/ETH), acetaminophen- (APAP) induced toxicity and disease (e.g. HIV-1) pathogenesis. DAS imparts its beneficial effect by inhibiting CYP2E1-mediated metabolism of xenobiotics, especially at high concentration. However, DAS also causes toxicity at relatively high dosages and with long exposure times. The objective of the first project was to find potent DAS analogs which can replace DAS as a research tool or as potential adjuvant therapy in CYP2E1-mediated pathologies.

Chang (Beer): A Social Marker, Ritual Tool, And Multivalent Symbol In Tibetan Buddhism, Kayla J. Jenkins

MSU Graduate Theses

In this thesis, I analyze the use of beer (Tib. chang) in Tibetan tantric Buddhism and emphasize its importance for studying themes of purity and pollution, meaning, and power in this context. In doing so, I argue that beer functions as a social marker and influences gender dynamics in Tibet. Beer also functions as a religious ritual tool for transactions of power. Lastly, beer is present as a multivalent symbol in Tibetan tantric songs and stories, useful as both a negative and positive metaphor for qualities or states of mind. As something that informs social, religious, and literary worlds within …

A New Frontier Of The College Alcohol Culture: #Socialmedia, Tammy M. Turner

Learning Sciences Dissertations

The college alcohol culture glorifies high-risk drinking while minimizing potential negative consequences. A social ecological framework can be used to understand the college alcohol culture in institutions of higher education (IHEs) because the framework provides a synergistic tapestry of multiple factors such as: individual, institutional, and environmental. The role of social media is important to explore as social media has created a new frontier for college students to navigate throughout their college experience. The social ecological framework was used as a guide for this study; to explore the college alcohol culture within social media, specifically Twitter. The tweets in IHE …

The Role Of Cognitive Distortions In The Longitudinal Relationship Between Problematic Drinking And Depressive Symptoms, Monica F. Tomlinson

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This dissertation investigated the mechanisms by which problematic drinking contributes to depressive symptoms in two longitudinal, prospective, cohort-design studies. Distorted cognitive processes (dysfunctional attitudes, negatively-biased information processing, and rumination) were proposed as mediators in the relationship between problematic drinking and depressive symptoms over time. Study 1 (N = 1090) assessed participants’ levels of problematic drinking, dysfunctional attitudes, and depressive symptoms at three-month intervals for one year. Findings indicated that the social and occupational consequences of alcohol use (e.g., interpersonal conflict) significantly predicted depressive symptoms. The amount and frequency of alcohol consumption did not. Therefore, impairment, but not level of …

Hooked On Life: Recreational Therapy In The Lives Of Drug Exposed Children, Sawyer Davidson, Michelle Gerken

Honors Theses

The drug epidemic in the United States is a growing and prevalent issue in today’s society. Every day, the demographics of people influenced by drugs and alcohol increase. Unfortunately, a huge part of the problem stems from prenatal exposure to toxic chemicals that can result in health issues, developmental delays, stunted mental growth, and continued addiction habits later in life. Understanding the issue, addressing it, and creating treatment plans to end it is the main focus of this research. My plans include exploring how far this issue spreads in the United States, knowing how many people it is influencing, and …

Life Variables Of College Students Who Report Helicopter Parenting, Faith Benton

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Emerging adulthood is a time when young people around 18 to 25 years old try out different experiences and work their way toward commitments in love and work (Arnett, 2006). Many emerging adults are in college and are expected by society to become independent from their parents by the time they graduate. Parents who remain high on warmth and support but high on control and low on granting autonomy inconsistent with the age of the child are considered helicopter parents (Padilla-Walker & Nelson, 2012). The current study examined the association between helicopter parenting, aggression, entitlement, materialism, and substance use of …

Tuning Size And Light Emission Characteristics Of Cdses/Zns Alloyed Core-Shell Quantum Dots By Alcohol, John Casey Marnocha

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, a one-step isotropic down-tuning of the size of alloyed CdSe1−xSx/ZnS core- shell quantum dots is developed by vapor and liquid-phase etching using a ∼ 10 : 1 isopropyl alcohol to water solution. The results of spectroscopic studies confirm continuous variation of the excitonic emission color from red to green for samples treated for up to 15 mins using a vapor-based method. According to HRTEM characterizations, the shift is consistent with a diameter reduction of quantum dots that proceeds at the average rate of ∼ 1.3 ̊A/min. The emission intensity while seen to undergo an initial drop due …

Tuning Size And Light Emission Characteristics Of Cdses/Zns Alloyed Core-Shell Quantum Dots By Alcohol, John Casey Marnocha

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, a one-step isotropic down-tuning of the size of alloyed CdSe1−xSx/ZnS core- shell quantum dots is developed by vapor and liquid-phase etching using a ∼ 10 : 1 isopropyl alcohol to water solution. The results of spectroscopic studies confirm continuous variation of the excitonic emission color from red to green for samples treated for up to 15 mins using a vapor-based method. According to HRTEM characterizations, the shift is consistent with a diameter reduction of quantum dots that proceeds at the average rate of ∼ 1.3 ̊A/min. The emission intensity while seen to undergo an initial drop due …

A Noninvasive Measure Of The P300 In Rats Selectively Bred For Disparate Alcohol Preference During An Auditory Oddball Tas, Logan Michael Brewer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The utility of genetics for predicting alcoholism and alcohol-related disorders islimited given environmental variance and a finite understanding of all geneticcontributors. This has led to interest in phenotypic markers that can be used forclassifying individuals at heightened risk for developing alcoholism and alcohol-relateddisorders. One such marker is the P300, an event-related potential (ERP) observed tohave an attenuated amplitude and increased latency in both humans and animals whohave a genetic predisposition to alcohol use. To study the utility of the P300 as abiomarker for alcohol use disorders (AUDs), we examined its characteristic in alcoholpreferring (P) and non-preferring (NP) rats naïve to …

Why Intercollegiate Athletic Departments Should Embrace Alcohol Sales, Garrett J. Clark

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis is guided by the theory of marketing myopia, the idea that an organizations should focus on single aspects like consumer needs and experiences in order to be successful. The sale of alcohol is becoming more and more common throughout collegiate athletics yet many schools are still missing out on the benefits that can come from embracing the tailgating culture of sports. This will examine the current literature surrounding the sale of alcohol at collegiate events, tailgating culture and what this all looks like in the real world. By examining schools and programs who currently offer the sale of …

Religious Identity Influence On Ethnic Minority Youth Risky Behavior, Laquitta Simpson

Honors Theses

Previous studies have assessed religious identity in adolescents, showing that stronger religiosity correlates with lower levels of stress, better occupational and academic performances, and overall better well–being in adolescents and young adults (Koenig et al., 2001). There is also evidence of differences across races in how religiosity influences areas of adolescent behavior. The purpose of the current study is to identify the association between the strength of religiosity in White and Black at-risk youths and their involvement in risky behaviors. Data was gathered from teens aged 16-19 who are currently enrolled in a military-style residential program (n = 80); …

Implementation & Evaluation Of The On-Sale Responsible Alcohol Merchant Awards, Sara Michele Rowe

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Santa Cruz County Friday Night Live (FNL) is a youth development program that aims to reduce youth access to alcohol and educate the community on impaired driving incidences. Impaired driving among teens and young adults is a significant concern in Santa Cruz County and youth access to alcohol is an important risk factor. This capstone consists of the implementation of the On-Sale Responsible Alcohol Merchant Awards. The project involved a community evaluation that assessed if and how businesses are taking steps to reduce youth access to alcohol and to decrease impaired driving incidences through an in-person interview and evaluation with …

Health Information Barriers, Weight Status, And Health Behaviors Among Cancer Survivors: Exploring The Moderating Effects Of Race And Ethnicity, Jennifer L. Barinas

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There is an increasing need for research addressing the health concerns faced in cancer survivorship. Research has indicated that racial and ethnic minority cancer survivors are at increased risk for negative health outcomes, and some findings suggest that health literacy may play a role. Yet, few studies have explored how relations among heath information barriers, weight status, and health behaviors may differ by race and ethnicity in cancer survivors. Objectives: 1) To explore whether health information barriers are associated with weight status, cigarette use, and alcohol use among cancer survivors, 2) To explore the moderating role of race and ethnicity …

Substance Use Prevention: Communication And Strategies To Reduce Alcohol, Marijuana, And E-Cigarette Use Among College Students, Emily Bauer

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

Substance use among college students impacts universities, communities and student outcomes across the United States. Based on the Monitoring the Future study (MTF), college students have a higher prevalence of past 30-day alcohol use at 63% than their non-college peers (59%) (2016). Nearly one-third of college students (32%) have had five or more drinks in a row in the past two weeks (2016). Monthly marijuana use for college students has remained steady at 22% (2016). Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is 6.9%, which is gaining in popularity but still lower than traditional cigarettes (8.9%) (2016). There are many prevention communication strategies …

The Effect Of Alcohol And Bitterness Levels On Brewing Yeast Viability, Nichole Elizabeth Bryant

Master's Theses

Two of the most popular beer styles within the craft brewing industry are India Pale Ales (IPA’s) and those with high alcohol by volume (ABV). Production of these styles requires high gravity fermentation and high amounts of bittering hops in order to reach the required values for ABV and International Bitterness units (IBU) respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of high gravity fermentation and high IBU levels on yeast viability and repitching cycles.

An initial experiment on high gravity fermentations was done in order to assess the effects this variable had alone. Successive five day …

Adolescent Binge Alcohol Exposure Effects On Heart Structure And Function, Lizhuo Ai

Master's Theses

More than 5 million underage Americans report binge drinking at least once per month. While the effects of alcohol consumption on the adult heart have been well studied, the impact to the adolescent heart is almost entirely unknown. Adolescents primarily consume alcohol in a binge pattern, which elevates blood alcohol content (BAC) to 0.08 g/dL within 2 hours. During adolescence the body grows rapidly, and the heart must also grow by cellular hypertrophy to meet this increasing demand. Our goal was to determine the impact of adolescent binge alcohol exposure on the heart, using an outbred rat model. This thesis …

Binge Alcohol Drinking Exacerbates Ulcerative Colitis Flare, Abigail Cannon

Dissertations

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) remains a prominent medical concern affecting over 1.4 million people in the U.S. One of the most common forms of the disease is ulcerative colitis (UC), and UC patients will often head doctor's advice to refrain from drinking alcohol. However, whether this phenomenon of alcohol exacerbating UC symptoms occurs is still unknown, which necessitated the generation of a mouse model of UC and binge alcohol. Therefore, we examined a range of DSS concentrations (2-4%) and 2 alcohol paradigms in C57BL/6 mice. Mice receiving 2% DSS ad libitum for five days with a three-day alcohol binge had …