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Primer On Perspectives And Practices Of Trauma, Trevor P. Haase

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

A large majority of the general population has endured at least one traumatic event in their lifetime and many will seek counseling services to process and resolve the impact from the traumatic experience. Counselors and mental health providers will likely encounter trauma survivors in a high frequency in the majority of therapeutic settings. Practicum and internship level counselors are often not prepared for navigating the complexities that arise working with trauma survivors. This paper outlines the various perspectives and practices of the works of Dr. Bessel van der Kolk, Narrative Therapy, and Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. These orientations were designed …

Avengers Assemble...In Therapy: An Exploration Of Superheroes And Their Trauma, Megan R. Butler

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Superheroes are more than just their superhero abilities. They are representations of individual and societal traumas experienced by many in our universe. By studying superheroes we may critically develop new methods of therapy to aid in the healing process to traumatic experiences. Through this, individuals may find their own superpower and aid others in the discovery of theirs.

The Effects Of Tranexamic Acid On Mortality Rate In Trauma Patients Compared To Trauma Patients With No Tranexamic Acid Treatment, Bradley Earl Tolar

Doctoral Projects

Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death for many age groups. Traumatic accidents caused over 130,000 deaths in the United States in 2014. This DNP project studied the effects of Tranexamic acid on mortality rate in trauma patients. After the completion of a needs assessment at a local level II trauma center, a literature review was performed. The literature showed a decrease in mortality rate when patients were administered Tranexamic acid within 3 hours of injury with statistically significant statistics. Also, the data from the literature showed no correlation between vascular occlusive events and Tranexamic acid use in trauma …

Regional Anesthesia Introduced Into An Emergency/Trauma, Jennifer Bryant Covalt

Doctoral Projects

Emergency rooms across the United States have an incredibly large number of shoulder dislocations that need to be manipulated and reset on a daily basis. A cost-benefit analysis in this Doctor of Nursing Practice Project will demonstrate a new form of care for shoulder dislocations in the emergency room with certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNA) providing regional anesthesia with local lidocaine injections into the shoulder joint. A level II trauma center in Mississippi with many shoulder dislocations was the location that was used to evaluate conscious sedation, length of procedure, and pain scores. A retrospective chart review was performed at …

Braving Shame: The Rhetoric Of Bravery In Contemporary Women's Memoir, Debra Gayle Parker

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation interrogates the rhetoric of bravery as a culturally-infused way of hearing certain kinds of personal narratives. As a cultural rhetoric, “bravery” has deep roots in masculine militaristic ideology in which cowardice, courage, and shame are conceptually linked to a sense of duty. The memoir industry represents one environment that archives what is valued as brave writing. As rhetoric precariously at work in the memoir industry, this dissertation investigates the cultural assumptions that drive literary bravery as it is used to assess contemporary memoirs, particularly memoirs written by women. Braving Shame invokes a new brand of bravery—one that de-emphasizes …

Depression’S Connection To Self-Harming Behavior In Adolescents, Michael T. Hendrick

Education Masters

Self-harming behavior amongst adolescents has increased in prevalence throughout America. There is a direct connection between depression and self-harming behaviors in adolescent students. The most common reasons why adolescents participate in self-injury are as a coping mechanism, a means of relief, for the regulation of feelings, self-punishment, attention seeking and sensation seeking. There is often a link between depressive symptoms and negative life events or past trauma. Multiple methods of self-harm are often performed by students and may be carried out several times over the course of many months, the techniques used vary greatly. Schools are one of the most …

Association Between Combat, Morally Injurious Experiences, Spiritual Injury, And Alcohol Use Among Active Duty Military Personnel And Veterans, Allison T. Robbins

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Literature has supported that, along with physical and psychological injuries, combat profoundly impacts veterans’ moral and spiritual belief systems and may contribute to negative health behaviors. Moral injury is a developing construct related to negative consequences associated with war-zone stressors that transgress military veterans’ deeply held values and belief systems. Additionally, spiritual injury addresses negative responses to an event that damages their relationship with God, self, and others, and alienates an individual from that which gives meaning to their lives. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between combat exposure, morally injurious experiences (MIEs), spiritual injury, …

Investigating The Construct Of Psychopathy In Lebanese And American Adults, Marie-Anne Issa

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Psychopathy has been primarily investigated in forensic and psychiatric populations in North America. Cross-cultural studies, mainly conducted in Europe, have shown disparities in psychopathy scores and the measures’ psychometric properties, which raise the issue of cultural factors, such as individualism-collectivism, values, and different ways of emotional expression, and the impact of these cultural factors on the construct and its manifestation. Psychopathy has been rarely explored in Arab populations. This dissertation examines the construct of psychopathy among Lebanese adults, to assess its meaning, relevance, and utility among this population and compares the responses of Lebanese to American adults. The design of …

The Cumulative Impact Of Trauma Exposure And Recidivism After Incarceration Among Black Men, Johanna E. Elumn Madera

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The United States incarcerates people at a higher rate than any other nation in the world. It is estimated that 14 million people will be incarcerated at some point in their lives in the United States. Ninety-five percent of incarcerated people will return to the community. Persons who have been incarcerated often have experienced higher rates of trauma than the general population. The symptoms associated with exposure to trauma may interfere with a person’s ability to reconnect with family, interact with parole/probation, stay free from drugs/alcohol, or find and maintain stable housing and employment after they are released from prison. …

Traumatic Stress, World Assumptions, And Law Enforcement Officers, Douglas William Green

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The present study examined the presence of traumatic stress reaction symptoms among active law enforcement officers, and the relationship between potentially traumatic work related experiences, officers’ cognitive views of the world, and the expression of those symptoms. The range of police roles and responsibilities arguably subjects officers to a greater variety of potentially traumatizing experiences than any other population, and the literature reflects that police officers express traumatic stress related symptoms at a greater rate than the general population. This study differs from previous work in that it utilizes snowball sampling to anonymously identify officers willing to participate without involving …

Paleoepidemiological Analysis Of Trauma In A Roman Period Population From Kellis, Egypt, Circa 50-450 Ad, Isabella A. Graham

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis analyzes human skeletal trauma in a large well-preserved sample (n =268) from the Roman period Kellis site in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. Prevalence was determined for both infracranial and cranial skeletal trauma. The null hypothesis tested was that there are no differences in trauma when stratified by sex and by age cohorts (i.e., 18-35, 36-50 and 51+). Despite the overall trauma prevalence being similar between the sexes when not differentiated by age, the null hypothesis was rejected. Key differences that occurred between the sexes were that males suffered greater malintent and occupational traumas, whereas osteoporosis was the major …

Healing Ptsd With Mindfulness: Exploring Mindfulness' Mechanism Of Change, Sara Klco

Counseling and Psychological Services Dissertations

Trauma has the capacity to produce a wide range of symptoms that have a damaging impact on psychological, biological, and social functioning (van der Kolk & McFarlane, 1996; Briere & Scott, 2013). Though several empirically-supported treatments for trauma exist and are used widely, the literature has identified concerns with some of the leading treatments, such as increased suicidality, panic attacks, alcoholic relapse (Pitman, et al., 1991), high nonresponse rates, and high dropout rates (Jeffreys, et al., 2013). Others have observed that cognitive-behavioral interventions, while often effective in decreasing specific PTSD symptoms, often do not address other common reactions to trauma …

Experiences Of Anti-Bisexual Prejudice In A Bisexual Adult Sample And The Impact On Mental And Physical Health, James Edward Arnett

Doctoral Dissertations

This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between minority stress (e.g. anti-bisexual experiences and internalized biphobia), trauma and depressive symptoms, and self-reported physical health for a sample of online-recruited, bisexual adults. Using a minority stress framework that included physical health and conceptualizing experiences of discrimination/prejudice as a type of trauma, a model was hypothesized in which experiences of anti-bisexual discrimination would uniquely relate to trauma-related symptoms (as would exposure to other, general traumatic events) and indirectly impact physical health through these trauma symptoms. Also, it was predicted that anti-bisexual experiences would directly relate to internalized biphobia, with internalized biphobia, then, associating …

Doug Murray’S The ‘Nam: A Literary Examination Of The Traumatic Effects Of War Told Through Visual Literature, Andrew S. Mcneil

Culminating Projects in English

This thesis examines Marvel’s The ‘Nam comic series, written by Doug Murray, through the analytical lens of trauma studies. The paper looks at the early run of the comic series, and shows how the author of the comic book exposes the readers to the traumas of being a US Army infantry man serving in Vietnam. The third chapter explores how the draft and the young age of the soldiers played a role in their experience of trauma and how they reacted to it, while the fourth chapter explains how the traumas of war affected the soldiers during their time in …

Cross Validation Of The Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire: Associations With Maternal History Of Maltreatment And Intimate Partner Violence, Maegan Calvert

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Disorganized caregiving has been associated with both maternal childhood history and current experiences of trauma. However, the methods by which disorganized caregiving has been studied have been time intensive and costly. The current study aimed to extend previous research with the Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire (CHQ; George & Solomon, 2011), which is a self-report measure designed to assess aspects of disorganized caregiving such as caregiving helplessness, role reversal, and frightened/frightening caregiving experiences. Participants (N = 156) were a community sample of mothers of children ages 5 to 10 who were primarily white and who reported a range of traumatic experiences. It …

Intuition: A Silver Lining For Clinicians With Complex Trauma, Sarah Dyanne Stanton

Dissertations - ALL

The following research study intends to explore one potential aspect of the

etiology of intuition in clinician populations, which is complex trauma. The relationship between early developmental trauma is ascertained through the Childhood Traumatic Events Scale (Pennebaker & Susman, 1988), which consists of events that respondents could report having experienced prior to the age of 17. Additional outcome measures that were given include the Post-Traumatic Growth inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (Spreng et al., 2009) and the Types of Intuition Scale (Pretz et al., 2014). There were 28 participants, 23 of which reported one trauma or …

The Longitudinal Relationship Between Social Support And Ptsd In Iraq And Afghanistan Veterans: Social Selection Or Social Causation, And Does Assessment Modality Matter?, Matt Jacob Woodward

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although there is a strong and consistent association between social support and PTSD, the directionality of this association has been debated, with some researchers proposing that social support protects against PTSD, whereas other researchers suggest that PTSD erodes social support. The majority of studies in the literature have been cross-sectional, rendering causality impossible to determine. Cross-lagged panel models overcome many previous limitaitons but findings within the few studies employing these designs have been mixed. The current study used a cross-lagged panel structural equation model to explore the relationship between social support and PTSD over a one-year period in a sample …

Posttraumatic Substance Use Disorders (Ptsud): Perceived Causal Relations Between Trauma-Related Symptoms And Substance Use Disorders, Emily N. Boughner

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Substance use disorders (SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are frequently comorbid in those who have experienced psychological trauma, although little research has investigated the cause and effect relationships between the two. This thesis examined the co-occurrence of trauma-related symptoms, PTSD, and SUD using Perceived Causal Relations scaling in an online community sample (n = 513) and in persons who were or had recently attended treatment for SUDs (n = 12). In both samples, participants perceived trauma-related reexperiencing and avoidance as significant causes of substance use partly dependent on the gender of the respondent, and men reported that …

British Great War Narratives: An Aesthetic And Cultural Analysis Of Selected Memoirs, Harold Vincent Scott Jr.

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Great War, 1914-1918, involved more soldiers and resulted in more casualties than in any previous war. It was an industrial war fought on an unprecedented scale with new, technologically advanced weapons such as airplanes, tanks, armored cars, machine-guns, and long-range artillery pieces. These weapons caused millions of victims, many of whom were traumatized in many cases for life, especially by shell-shock. This new type of war occurred concurrently with a cultural environment that was transitioning from a late Victorian/Edwardian society to one that was rejecting traditional values and institutions. Modernism, a cultural and philosophical movement which began in the …

A Systematic Assessment For Potential Compassion Fatigue Among Cps Workers In West Texas, Angela Nicole Derrick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Working in child welfare is a career that frequently exposes staff to trauma. Child welfare staff routinely witness the worst types of harm to children including extreme physical abuse, drug exposed children, children who have been repeatedly sexually abused, and even child fatalities. The impact of these repeated exposures is an emerging area of study. The effect of witnessing trauma is often referred to as compassion fatigue or secondary trauma. The focus of this study is to review current literature that deals with the issues of compassion fatigue in child welfare staff and compare the findings in hopes of identifying …

The Relationship Between Trauma-Related Shame, Disordered Behaviors, And Contextual Factors Of Sexual Trauma Beyond Trait-Shame And Sex-Guilt, Michele Laaksonen

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Relatively little is known about the effect of contextual factors of sexual trauma (age at trauma, type of trauma, perpetrator gender, tactics, and relationship) and trauma-related shame and risk-taking motivations. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine this relationship among a sample of 360 undergraduate women with histories of sexual trauma, hypothesizing that trauma-related shame and motivations for participation in extreme sports, drinking games, and sex would differ based on the contextual factors of sexual trauma and the past experience of non-sexual trauma. Age was related to the linear combination of trauma-related shame and risk-taking motivations. Furthermore, contact, relationship, and …

Development Of The Early Childhood Traumatic Stress Screen, Sara Elisabeth Harris

Dissertations (1934 -)

The study aimed to develop a brief screening instrument to assess symptoms associated with potentially traumatic experiences (PTE) in very young children (under 6). Potential items for the Early Childhood Traumatic Stress Screen (ECTSS) were sampled from each of the major content areas implicated in trauma. The items underwent a principle component analysis, which produced a 34-item screening measure with four reliable factors and one sub-scale assessing response style. All subscales and the overall trauma composite score significantly correlated with pre-established measures of traumatic stress in very young children, and a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis identified a cut-score with …

A Grounded Theory Pilot Study Exploring The Female Process Of Becoming A Survivor After Experiencing Sexual Assault, Angela Catena

Individual, Family, and Community Education ETDs

This pilot study utilized constructivist grounded theory to explore the process of identifying as a survivor among women who have been sexually assaulted. An overwhelming majority of research available on survivors of traumatic events, such as sexual assault, focus primarily on the psychological, and sometimes physical, reactions. The literature fails to investigate personal influences, experiences, and processes on a more individual level; rather it discusses symptomology and treatment modalities used to alleviate symptoms related to various clinical diagnoses. Seven women were interviewed twice exploring their specific journey and processes to identifying as a survivor after victimization. Six theoretical phases emerged …

The Predictive Accuracy Of Family And Community Demographic Factors On The 2011, 2012, And 2013, Grade 6 Connecticut Mastery Test, Kelly Ann O'Leary

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This study used a correlational, explanatory, longitudinal design with quantitative methods to predict the percentage of students who will score at or above Goal. Archival data from Connecticut Mastery Test (CMT) Math and Reading scores from 2011, 2012, and 2013 in conjunction with five-year estimates of the U.S. Census data were examined. The study focused on 21 out-of-school demographic variables, grouped by family human capital and community social capital, to predict the percentage of students in Grade 6 who scored at or above Goal, the district level, on the CMT. The study examined 130 school districts in Connecticut who took …

Development And Validation Of A Direct Tibial Loading Device For Mice, Sylvie Kalikoff

Honors Theses

Of the six million bones fractured each year in the United States, 5 to 10% do not heal properly. Fractures range in severity and classification, and are therefore treated differently depending on the type of bone that was broken, the location of the break, and the way in which the specific bone regrows. It is crucial that the appropriate treatment be carried out in order to properly heal the broken bone.

A House Without A Roof, Adam Golfer

Theses and Dissertations

A House Without a Roof (AHWAR) is a project that scrutinizes the histories of violence and displacement connecting Europe, Israel, and Palestine. With photographs, appropriated imagery, and texts, I weave together fictions of my family history with representations from Israel’s founding and ongoing military occupation. Ethnic and national identities are ruptured and reassembled as the project interrogates contradictory histories and notions of selfhood. AHWAR questions how we understand global conflict and trauma in light of our individual experience.

Split Wounds: Diverging Formations Of Trauma In The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders V, Girl With The Dragon Tattoo, And The Rat Laughed, And Once Were Warriors, Emily R. Johnston

Theses and Dissertations

Split Wounds interrogates naturalized, normalized trauma wisdom—particularly the individualization and pathologization of sexualized trauma. Drawing on Foucault’s concept of discursive formation, explicated in The Archaeology of Knowledge as a set of conditions that enables history, this dissertation elucidates differing discursive formations of trauma in contemporary medical documents, literary texts, and films. The introductory chapter explicates how founding texts in the field of trauma theory construct trauma as a preverbal, psychological experience that can only be represented through fragmented, non-linear, anti-narrative textual strategies. Chapter two exposes such Euro-American modernist ideology in the American Psychiatric Association’s clinical definition of posttraumatic stress disorder …

A History Of Violence: 3000 Years Of Interpersonal And Intergroup Conflicts From The Initial To The Early Colonial Periods In The Peruvian Central Coast. A Bioarchaeological Perspective, María Del Carmen Vega Dulanto

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The purpose of this study is to test research questions about the development of violence on the Peruvian central coast during the pre-Hispanic and Early Colonial times. This is the first study to provide a diachronic analysis of violence on the central coast. One null hypothesis was tested and falsified: that there are no differences in the prevalence and pattern of trauma over time on the central coast of Peru. Two complementary questions were also addressed: 1) Is there a relation between sociopolitical changes, natural catastrophes, competition for resources and violence? and 2) How did violence affect specific segments of …

Increasing The Awareness Of Trauma Informed Care In The School Setting: Giving Practitioners The Tools To Actively Participate In Trauma Related Care, Rebekah L. Sypniewski

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Of the approximately 15 million children and adolescents who have a mental health disorders that are interfering with their functioning, a mere 25% seek medical advice or treatment (Melnyk, Kelly, & Lusk, 2014). Furthermore, two thirds of youth report experience at least one traumatic event by age 16 (Suarez, Belcher, Briggs, & Titus, 2012). School health practitioners have regular contact with children and adolescents as they typically attend school five days a week, nine months out of the year. The consistent presence of the relationship between the practitioner and student creates an ideal environment for discussing the sensitive topics necessary …

The Cultural Isolation Of Providers And Educators Caused By Stigma And Compassion Fatigue When Serving Survivors Of Invisible Wounds, Bronwyn G. Pughe

Ed.D. Dissertations in Practice

Abstract

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to give voice to the lived experience of providers and educators regarding stigma and compassion fatigue. In this study, using critical social theory as a lens, I seek to understand how providers and educators experience and recognize the stigma they carry, their own compassion fatigue and what they do to stay healthy—including mental physical, emotional/psychological, intellectual, and spiritual health.