Digital Commons Network^™

Efficient Image Processing In Resource-Constrained Visual Sensor Networks, Hongtao Du

Doctoral Dissertations

Visual sensor networks (VSNs) that employ content-rich 2-D images or image sequences as the basic media have been evolving rapidly in recent years. Besides the critical resource constraints that are already inherent in any micro-sensor networks, the development of VSNs also faces challenges from device design, image transmission, and onboard image processing, among which efficient onboard processing is the most difficult to tackle. The focus of this dis- sertation is to develop efficient image processing solutions from three aspects: to improve the time-consuming image processing algorithms using pipelined and parallel computing; to dis- tribute the computation more effectively through novel …

Scheduling Algorithms For Scalable High-Performance Packet Switching Architectures, Xike Li

Doctoral Dissertations

Packet switching fabrics constitute a fundamental building block of all Internet routers. As a core technology, the switching engine is responsible for enabling multiple input (ingress) ports to be dynamically linked to output (egress) ports, thereby allowing packets to effectively traverse the router. Scheduling algorithms, which play a key role in switching fabrics, determine the dynamic configurations of the input-output matchings. The ever growing need for additional bandwidth and more sophisticated service provisioning in next- generation networks necessitates the introduction of scalable packet scheduling solutions that go beyond legacy schemes.

Switch architectures can be coarsely classified into two categories, in …

The Context-Oriented Architecture: Integrating Context Into Semantic Web Services, Aisha Mohamed-Salama Elsafty

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Multivariate Discretization Of Continuous Valued Attributes., Ehab Ahmed El Sayed Ahmed 1978-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The area of Knowledge discovery and data mining is growing rapidly. Feature Discretization is a crucial issue in Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD), or Data Mining because most data sets used in real world applications have features with continuously values. Discretization is performed as a preprocessing step of the data mining to make data mining techniques useful for these data sets. This thesis addresses discretization issue by proposing a multivariate discretization (MVD) algorithm. It begins withal number of common discretization algorithms like Equal width discretization, Equal frequency discretization, Naïve; Entropy based discretization, Chi square discretization, and orthogonal hyper planes. After …

Gridfields: Model-Driven Data Transformation In The Physical Sciences, Bill Howe

Dissertations and Theses

Scientists' ability to generate and store simulation results is outpacing their ability to analyze them via ad hoc programs. We observe that these programs exhibit an algebraic structure that can be used to facilitate reasoning and improve performance. In this dissertation, we present a formal data model that exposes this algebraic structure, then implement the model, evaluate it, and use it to express, optimize, and reason about data transformations in a variety of scientific domains.

Simulation results are defined over a logical grid structure that allows a continuous domain to be represented discretely in the computer. Existing approaches for manipulating …

Computer Model To Select Leed Certification For Building Projects, Ruba Mirghani Mohammed

Masters Theses

According to the US Green Building Council (USGBC) residential and commercial buildings in the United State consume huge amounts of natural resources; pollute the environment, and generate large amounts of waste, all of which affect the environment, economy, public health, and productivity. As a result, USGBC committees developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system to help professionals improve the quality of buildings and lessen their impact on the environment.

The (LEED) Green Building Rating System is a point-based system for certifying the level of a building's sustainability. There are four LEED certification categories: (1) Certified, (2) …

A Reconfigurable Supercomputing Library For Accelerated Parallel Lagged-Fibonacci Pseudorandom Number Generation, Yu Bi

Masters Theses

To help promote more widespread adoption of hardware acceleration in parallel scientific computing, we present portable, flexible design components for pseudorandom number generation. Due to the success of the Scalable Parallel Random Number Generators (SPRNG) software library in stochastic computations (e.g., Monte Carlo simulations), we developed an efficient and portable hardware architecture fully compatible with SPRNG’s Parallel Additive Lagged Fibonacci Generator (PALFG). Our general design produces identical results for all the parameter sets that SPRNG supports and yields high performance parallel random number generators which can each generate 162 million 31-bit uniform random integers per second on Xilinx Virtex II …

Securing The Aodv Protocol Using Specification-Based Intrusion Detection, Hoda Mamdouh Hassan

Archived Theses and Dissertations

[Abstract not provided]

Cad/Fea Tools And The Analysis Of Design For Optimization, Patil Yogesh

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Patil Yogesh on October 21, 2006.

Efficient Support For Application-Specific Video Adaptation, Jie Huang

Dissertations and Theses

As video applications become more diverse, video must be adapted in different ways to meet the requirements of different applications when there are insufficient resources. In this dissertation, we address two sorts of requirements that cannot be addressed by existing video adaptation technologies: (i) accommodating large variations in resolution and (ii) collecting video effectively in a multi-hop sensor network. In addition, we also address requirements for implementing video adaptation in a sensor network.

Accommodating large variation in resolution is required by the existence of display devices with widely disparate screen sizes. Existing resolution adaptation technologies usually aim at adapting video …

Fault And Defect Tolerant Computer Architectures: Reliable Computing With Unreliable Devices, George R. Roelke Iv

Theses and Dissertations

This research addresses design of a reliable computer from unreliable device technologies. A system architecture is developed for a "fault and defect tolerant" (FDT) computer. Trade-offs between different techniques are studied and yield and hardware cost models are developed. Fault and defect tolerant designs are created for the processor and the cache memory. Simulation results for the content-addressable memory (CAM)-based cache show 90% yield with device failure probabilities of 3 x 10(-6), three orders of magnitude better than non fault tolerant caches of the same size. The entire processor achieves 70% yield with device failure probabilities exceeding 10(-6). The required …

On Mitigating Distributed Denial Of Service Attacks, Zhiqiang Gao

Dissertations

Denial of service (DoS) attacks and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are probably the most ferocious threats in the Internet, resulting in tremendous economic and social implications/impacts on our daily lives that are increasingly depending on the wellbeing of the Internet. How to mitigate these attacks effectively and efficiently has become an active research area. The critical issues here include 1) IP spoofing, i.e., forged source lIP addresses are routinely employed to conceal the identities of the attack sources and deter the efforts of detection, defense, and tracing; 2) the distributed nature, that is, hundreds or thousands of compromised …

A Wireless Method For Monitoring Medication Compliance, Jeffrey Scott Jonas

Theses

There are many devices on the market to help remind patients to take their pills, but most require observation by a caregiver to assure medication compliance. This project demonstrates three modes to detect pill removal from a pillbox: a switch under the pills, a reflective type photointerrupter and a transmissive "electric eye" photosensor. Each mode exhibited blind spots or other failures to detect pill presence, but by combining modes with complementary characteristics, the accuracy of pill detection is greatly increased.

Two methods of caregiver notification are demonstrated: text messages transmitted via an attached cellular phone, or the status is collected …

Fpga-Based Implementation Of Parallel Graph Partitioning, Mohammad Kharashgeh

Theses

Graph partitioning is a very important application that can be found in numerous areas, from finite element methods to data processing and VLSI circuit design. Many algorithms have been developed to solve this problem. Of special interest is multilevel graph partitioning that provides a very efficient solution. This method can also be parallelized and implemented on various multiprocessor architectures. Unfortunately, the target of such implementations is often unavailable high-end multiprocessor systems. Here a parallel version of this method for an in-house developed multiprocessor system is implemented on an FPGA. The system designed provides a cost-effective solution.

The design is based …

Accelerating Exact Stochastic Simulation Of Biochemical Systems, James Michael Mccollum

Doctoral Dissertations

The ability to accurately and efficiently simulate computer models of biochemical systems is of growing importance to the molecular biology and pharmaceutical research communities. Exact stochastic simulation is a popular approach for simulating such systems because it properly represents genetic noise and it accurately represents systems with small populations of chemical species. Unfortunately, the computational demands of exact stochastic simulation often limit its applicability. To enable next-generation whole-cell and multi-cell stochastic modeling, advanced tools and techniques must be developed to increase simulation efficiency. This work assesses the applicability of a variety of hardware and software acceleration approaches for exact stochastic …

Distributed Self-Deployment In Visual Sensor Networks, Christopher Allan Beall

Masters Theses

Autonomous decision making in a variety of wireless sensor networks, and also in visual sensor networks (VSNs), specifically, has become a highly researched field in recent years. There is a wide array of applications ranging from military operations to civilian environmental monitoring. To make VSNs highly useful in any type of setting, a number of fundamental problems must be solved, such as sensor node localization, self-deployment, target recognition, etc. This presents a plethora of challenges, as low cost, low energy consumption, and excellent scalability are desired.

This thesis describes the design and implementation of a distributed self-deployment method in wireless …

Automatic Image Based Time Varying 3d Feature Extraction And Tracking, Lu Zhang

Masters Theses

3D time-varying data sets are complex. The intrinsics of those data cannot be readily comprehended by users solely based on visual investigation. Computational tools such as feature extraction and tracking are often necessary. Until now, most existing algorithms in this domain work effectively in the object space, relying on prior knowledge of the data. How to find a more flexible and efficient method which can perform automatically to implement extraction and tracking remains an attractive topic.

This thesis presents a new image-based method that extracts and tracks the 3D time- varying volume data sets. The innovation of the proposed approach …

Advancements In Frameworks For Educational Games Through Sound Software Engineering Principles., Christy M. Bogard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Educational games have steadily entered classrooms as a means of challenging advanced students and tutoring those lacking comprehension. However, without adequate educational benefits, instructors are struggling to continually justify the marginal value added of using these programs. It is the intent of this thesis to demonstrate that sound software engineering principles can improve the framework of educational games. First, the core framework requirements of computer-based educational games are outlined. Current educational games are then evaluated based on their ability to meet these requirements. From this analysis, necessary architectural changes are recommended to best facilitate future game advancements. Finally, to demonstrate …

High Performance Queueing And Scheduling In Support Of Multicasting In Input-Queued Switches, Weiying Zhu

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Due to its mild requirement on the bandwidth of switching fabric and internal memory, the input-queued architecture is a practical solution for today's very high-speed switches. One of the notoriously difficult problems in the design of input-queued switches with very high link rates is the high performance queueing and scheduling of multicast traffic. This dissertation focuses on proposing novel solutions for this problem. The design challenge stems from the nature of multicast traffic, i.e., a multicast packet typically has multiple destinations. On the one hand, this nature makes queueing and scheduling of multicast traffic much more difficult than that of …

Lock-Based Cache Coherence Protocol For Chip Multiprocessors, Ihab Ismail

Archived Theses and Dissertations

Chip multiprocessor (CMP) is replacing the superscalar processor due to its huge performance gains in terms of processor speed, scalability, power consumption and economical design. Since the CMP consists of multiple processor cores on a single chip usually with share cache resources, process synchronization is an important issue that needs to be dealt with. Synchronization is usually done by the operating system in case of shared memory multiprocessors (SMP). This work studies the effect of performing synchronization by the hardware through its integration with the cache coherence protocol. A novel cache coherence protocol, called Lock-based Cache Coherence Protocol (LCCP) was …

Web Services - Based Autonomic Computing Framework (Wsac), Sherif Atef Gurguis

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Three Core Type Heterogeneous Chip Multiprocessor: Towards An Optimized Cmp Architecture, Ali Yehia Ali

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Classification, Testing And Optimization Of Intrusion Detection Systems, Javier Leon

Theses

Modem network security products vary greatly in their underlying technology and architecture. Since the introduction of intrusion detection decades ago, intrusion detection technologies have continued to evolve rapidly. This rapid change has led to the introduction of a wealth of security devices, technologies and algorithms that perform functions originally associated with intrusion detection systems.

This thesis offers an analysis of intrusion detection technologies, proposing a new classification system for intrusion detection systems. Working closely with the development of a new intrusion detection product, this thesis introduces a method of testing related technologies in a production environment by outlining and executing …

Location Estimation In A 3d Environment Using Radio Frequency Identification Tags, Adwitiya Akash Jain

Theses

RFID tag location estimation in a 3D environment is investigated. The location of the tag with unknown coordinates can be estimated with certain accuracy. However, accuracy can be improved using the knowledge based on measurement of additional reference tags with known location. This thesis studies the mathematical formulation and practical realization of location sensing using RFID tags.

Deviating from the standard use of RFID technology which employs one tag reader to identify the presence of tag, here multiple tag readers with known location are used to estimate the physical location of an individual tag, with/without the help of few reference …

New Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (Harq) Scheme For 4x4 Mimo System, Based On The Extended Alamouti Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Bloc Coding (Q-Stbc), In Invariant And Variant Fading Channel, Jordi Ferrer Torras

Theses

A new Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) combining scheme for a 4x4 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system in invariant and variant fading channel conditions is proposed and analized. Based on the Extended Alamouti Quasi-orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (Q-STBC), the use of the so-called Alternative Matrices for transmission, depending on the Channel State Information (CSI) received as feedback, is compared to other existing solutions.

Sign changes and permutations in the retransmission sequences allow reducing the interference while exploiting the spatial diversity to introduce some gain in the signal power. The best transmission order is selected by the Determinant Criterion, which …

High-Speed Digital And Mixed-Signal Components For X– And Ku–Band Direct Digital Synthesizers In Indium Phosphide Dhbt Technology, Steven Eugene Turner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recently reported double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) devices manufactured in Indium Phosphide (InP) technology with ft and fmax both over 300 GHz enable advanced high-speed digital and mixed-signal circuits. In this thesis, the use of InP DHBT devices for high-speed accumulator circuits and X– and Ku–band direct digital synthesizer (DDS) circuits are investigated. At these frequencies, new technological challenges in the design of digital and mixed-signal circuits arise in areas including power consumption and clock distribution. This thesis addresses the speed/power tradeoffs in high-speed accumulator designs, the design of DDS circuits, and clock distribution simulation. The results of six accumulator …

A Comparative Analysis Of Air-To-Ground Engagement Outcomes In The Joint Warfare System (Jwars) And The Jwars-Joint Semi-Automated Forces Federation, Melissa Anne St. Peter

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Multi-resolution modeling is the process by which a single model is created by connecting multiple individual models to describe phenomena at different levels of resolution [1]. "When we change resolutions, replacing a detailed model by a more aggregate one, we must ask whether results are 'consistent'" [2].

There are many methods of determining if the results of two simulations are 'consistent'. However, they are very entailed and require a detailed understanding of the individual models including their functionality, algorithms, and inner workings. A straight forward and rapid way of assessing potential inconsistencies is through a statistical comparison of the model …

Association Of Sound To Motion In Video Using Perceptual Organization, Sunil Babu Ravulapalli

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Technological developments and innovations of the first forty years of the digital era have primarily addressed either the audio or the visual senses. Consequently, designers have primarily focused on the audio or the visual aspects of design. In the perspective of video surveillance, the data under consideration has always been visual. However, in light of the new behavioral and physiological studies which established a proof of cross modality in human perception i.e. humans do not process audio and visual stimulus separately, but percieve a scene based on all stimulus available, similar cues are being used to develop a surveillance system …

Evaluation Of Energy Costs And Error Performance Of Range-Aware Anchor-Free Localization Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Gustav Julio Jordt

Theses and Dissertations

This research examines energy and error tradeoffs in Anchor-Free Range-Aware Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Localization algorithms. A concurrent and an incremental algorithm (Anchor Free Localization (AFL) and Map Growing) are examined under varying network sizes, densities, deployments, and range errors. Despite current expectations, even the most expensive configurations do not expend significant battery life (at most 0.4%), implying little energy can be conserved during localization. Due to refinement, AFL is twice as accurate, using 6 times the communication. For both, node degree affects communication most. As degree increases, Map Growing communication increases, while AFL transmissions drop. Nodes with more neighbors …

An Adaptable Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Justin T. Kautz

Theses and Dissertations

Wireless networks have become ubiquitous recently and therefore their usefulness has also become more extensive. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) detect environmental information with sensors in remote settings. One problem facing WSNs is the inability to resupply power to these energy-constrained devices due to their remoteness. Therefore to extend a WSN's effectiveness, the lifetime of the network must be increased by making them as energy efficient as possible. An energy efficient medium access control (MAC) can boost a WSN's lifetime. This research creates a MAC protocol called Adaptive sensor Medium Access Control (AMAC) which is based on Sensor Medium Access Control …