Digital Commons Network^™

Kinetic And Analytical Studies On Catalytic And Noncatalytic Oxidative Degradation Of Some Hazardous Organic Dyes Using Hydrogen Peroxide, Salem Hmoud Salem Al-Ameri

Theses

Dyes have become a very important part to countless modem applications. As a result of this huge consumption of dyes in manufacturing processes, huge amounts of wastewater contaminated with dyes are released into different natural dumps like rivers and seas. These dyes contaminated wastes have dangerous impacts on the environment and toxic affects. Two problems are facing scientists concerned about this environmental task. First, dyes vary in their chemical and physical natures and different waste treatments are needed which sometime are not available. Second, getting rid of these pollutants from its sources is costly, that many manufactures can not afford. …

An Experimental Study On Network Intrusion Detection Systems, Peng Fu

Theses

A signature database is the key component of an elaborate intrusion detection system. The efficiency of signature generation for an intrusion detection system is a crucial requirement because of the rapid appearance of new attacks on the World Wide Web. However, in the commercial applications, signature generation is still a manual process, which requires professional skills and heavy human effort. Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining methods may be a solution to this problem. Data Mining and Machine Learning algorithms can be applied to the network traffic databases, in order to automatically generate signatures.

The purpose of this thesis and the …

Face Recognition Using Principal Component Analysis, Timothy Kevin Larkin

Theses

Current methods of face recognition use linear methods to extract features. This causes potentially valuable nonlinear features to be lost. Using a kernel to extract nonlinear features should lead to better feature extraction and, therefore, lower error rates. Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) will be used as the method for nonlinear feature extraction. KPCA will be compared with well known linear methods such as correlation, Eigenfaces, and Fisherfaces.

Synthesis And Application Of Novel Chiral Ionic Liquids Derived From Alpha-Pinene, Yun Wang

Theses

Two new chiral ionic liquids of oxazolinium cations derived from a-pinene: 9,9-Dimethyl-4-propenyl-5-propyl-3 -oxa-5-azonia-tricyclo [6.1.1.0 ^2,6] dec-4-ene tetrafluoro borate ([ChIPOZ] [BF₄]) and 9,9-Dimethyl-4-propenyl-5-propyl-3-oxa-5-azonia-tricyclo [6.1.1.0 ^2,6] dec-4-ene hexafluoro phosphate ([ChIPOZ][PF₆]). Both these chiral ionic liquids have been applied in enantiomeric copper-catalyzed 1,4-addition reactions with diethyl zinc. The enantiomeric excess for product using [ChIPOZ][BF₄] is above 70% and for [ChIPOZ][PF₆] is above 30%. Chiral ionic liquids worked as phase transfer catalysts In this reaction.

α-Pinene was used as the "chiral pool" in the synthesis of amino alcohol through a two-step reaction, followed by …

Treatment Of Industrial Wastewater From Food Processing Plant Under Climate Conditions, Saeed Mohamed Wali Abdulla Karmustaji

Theses

This research thesis will study the performance of wastewater treatment plant using a two-phase continuous flow anaerobic/aerobic treatment plant for the treatment of industrial wastewater from a confectionary factory in Dubai. The treatment design is based on anaerobic process under mesophilic conditions (31 +/- 2 °C) range where only the heat of the inlet and the natural climatic temperature are utilized to maintain the reactor operational. An aerobic activated sludge process to achieve the required legal standards follows the anaerobic treatment.

During the anaerobic process, biogas is generated and stored in a collection chamber and linked to an automated flared …

Treatment Of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Effluent Using Coupled Carbon Sorption And Biodegradation, Fatin Ali Sadiq Sawalha

Theses

There has been increased interest in the development of technologies for the effective removal of priority pollutants from petroleum refineries and thereby protect the quality of receiving water. In this study, the removal of phenol and naphthalene from aqueous solutions using different bacterial strains, granular activated carbon and biological activated carbon as a combination of the two systems were investigated. Laboratory-scale experiments for the adsorption, biodegradation and biosorption of the two chemicals were conducted in batch reactors at 25°C and shaking at 120 rpm. Pure bacterial cultures of phenol-utilizing bacteria and naphthalene-utilizing bacteria were isolated from local enriched soil and …

Assessment Of Groundwater Resources Using Remote Sensing And Gis, Muna Khalil Al Hammadi

Theses

Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing have witnessed an enormous interest in various applications related to geology, hydrology, hydrogeology, and water resources. The use of GIS and remote sensing has become a common practice worldwide. The UAE is no exception. The study of groundwater resources and its sustainability is of prime concern for authorities in the UAE. Although, groundwater may not be suitable, in most cases, for drinking and other potable purposes, it represents the main source for irrigation in the country. About 85% of the total water consumption in the UAE is groundwater.

This study is devoted to the …

Utilizing Of Elemental Sulfur From Oil And Gas Industry For Soil Treatment, Sultan Saif R. A. Alshamsi

Theses

The United Arab Emirates produces a large quantity of elemental sulfur from oil and gas industry. Elemental sulfur is widely used as soil treatment technique for reducing pH of alkaline soils than other techniques because it is cheaper and safer during treatment.

In this study, different designs mixes were prepared based on its content of sulfur and calcium carbonate. Different application rates of elemental sulfur (0, 1, 2, and 3%S) were added to soils having different amounts of calcium carbonates (i.e., 16.2, 21.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2, and 56.2% for basic mix design, and mix designs types I, II, III, IV, …

Optimal Sizing Of Activated Sludge Domestic Wastewater Treatment Processes Considering Uncertainties, Abdulhameed A. Arwani

Theses

A mathematical framework is developed for use in the optimal sizing of a wastewater treatment system comprises an activated sludge system preceded by a primary clarifier. Mathematical models predicting the performance of various unit processes are used to construct the system model. ASM3, used in the developed framework, is among the most recent and comprehensive models that closely describe the biological reactions taking place in the activated sludge system. Cost information functions including capital and operational costs of different system units are also modeled. An optimization problem is formulated with the objective to produce optimal sizes of different units with …

Effects Of Lining Cooling Tower Interior Walls On Controlling The Growth Of Legionella Pneumophila, Kamal Rafiq Saeed Jaroor

Theses

The presence of Legionella pneumophila in cooling tower waters is a serious health hazard. If the contaminated mist from the cooling tower is inhaled, Legionnaires' disease could be contracted. Of the 2.4 million cases of pneumonia that occur each year in the United States, an estimated 8,000 to 18,000 are actually cases of Legionnaires' disease. Several factors have been suggested in the literature that enhance the high bacterial count in cooling towers including: temperature, pH, water stagnation, and presence of algae and protozoa.

On few occasions, water samples from the cooling tower at Dubai Hospital tested positive for Legionella pneumophila …

Hydrogeological And Geophysical Studies On Ai Jaww Plain, Ai Ain Area, U.A.E., Hind Saif Ali Ai-Nuaimi

Theses

No abstract provided.

Towards Digital Library Service Integration, Prateek Shrivastava

Theses

Digital Library Service Integration (DLSI) aims to provide a systematic approach in integrating the services and collections of National Science and Digital Library. The National Science and Digital Library collections can share the services among themselves in a totally integrated environinent. Collections as such will require no change to plug into the DLSI architecture. Collections will keep using the services of NSDL in the similar manner as before. These services will in turn pass few parameters to the services of DLSI. With the help of these parameters, wrappers will fetch the details and priority of the users. These wrappers will …

Fresh Kills Dumped : A Policy Assessment For The Management Of New York City's Residential Solid Waste In The Twenty-First Century, Aaron William Comrov

Theses

New York City ceased disposing of its daily residential solid waste output within its municipal borders in March 2001 when the Department of Sanitation completed its phase-down of the Fresh Kills landfill on Staten Island. The closure of this facility has, for the first time in history, stripped New York City of its waste management selfsufficiency, created a situation in which municipal officials are reliant on private firms and other governmental jurisdictions for disposal services, and contributed to deteriorating fiscal, environmental, political, economic, social and practical conditions.

Consequent and concurrent to this predicament, a multitude of alternative policies have been …

An Application In Bioinformatics : A Comparison Of Affymetrix And Compugen Human Genome Microarrays, Milind Misra

Theses

The human genome microarrays from Compugen® and Affymetrix® were compared in the context of the emerging field of computational biology. The two premier database servers for genomic sequence data, the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the European Bioinformatics Institute, were described in detail. The various databases and data mining tools available through these data servers were also discussed. Microarrays were examined from a historical perspective and their main current applications-expression analysis, mutation analysis, and comparative genomic hybridization-were discussed. The two main types of microarrays, cDNA spotted microarrays and high-density spotted microarrays were analyzed by exploring the human genome microarray …

Feedback Algorithm For Switch Location : Analysis Of Complexity And Application To Network Design, Yuriy S. Polyakov

Theses

An accelerated feedback algorithm to solve the single-facility minisum problem is studied with application to designing networks with the star topology. The algorithm, in which the acceleration with respect to the Weiszfeld procedure is achieved by multiplying the current Weiszfeld iterate by an accelerating feedback factor, is shown to converge faster than the accelerating procedures available in the literature. Singularities encountered in the algorithm are discussed in detail. A simple practical exception handling subroutine is developed. Several applications of the algorithm to designing computer networks with the star topology are demonstrated. Applications of the algorithm as a subroutine for multi-switch …

Uber-Claws : Unsupervised Pattern Classification For Multi-Unit Extracellular Neuronal Burst Extraction, Rama Natarajan

Theses

To further an understanding of how a neuronal population generates patterns of rhythmic activity, the temporal dynamics of the group of neurons must be formalized. Essential to this pursuit, is the ability to reliably detect and separate the classes of single-unit neuronal activity from multi-unit extracellular signals recorded in a single channel. This study proposes a unified approach to automatically detect and classify single-unit bursts, and to observe the precise onset and offset of burst activity. Existing approaches to the problem fundamentally depend on the statistics of spike waveform variability, both extrinsic and intrinsic to the neuron. In contrast, the …

The Rationale For Preserving Neighborhood Open Space In Newark, New Jersey's North Ward, Stephen M. Wiessner

Theses

A study was conducted to determine the shifts in open space availability between 1950 and 2003 in four neighborhoods in the North Ward of Newark, New Jersey. Total open space in square feet and open spaces ten thousand square feet and less were quantified to determine the extent of usable open space for the creation of community gardens or vest pocket parks.

The study identified large reductions of open space recently in the two least affluent study areas. The two more affluent study areas have also lost open space recently, but not at the magnitude of the poorer study areas. …

A Method For Developing In-Silico Protein Homologs, Susan Mcclatchy

Theses

Computational methods for identifying and screening the most promising drug receptor candidates in the human genome are of great interest to drug discovery researchers. Successful methods will accurately identify and narrow the field of potential drug receptor candidates. This study details one such method.

The method described here begins with the assumption that novel drug receptors have high sequence similarity to established drug receptors. The similarity search program FASTA3 aligns translated sequences of the human genome to known drug receptor sequences and ranks these alignments by measuring their statistical significance. Query results returned by FASTA3 are assembled into "in-silico proteins" …

Analysis Of Gene Expression Data Using Expressionist 3.1 And Genespring 4.2, Indu Shrivastava

Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the gene expression analysis methods of two data mining tools, Expressionistic^TM 3.1 and GeneSpring^TM 4.2 with focus on basic statistical analysis and clustering algorithms. The data for this analysis was derived from the hybridization of Rattus norvegicus RNA to the Affymetrix RG34A GeneChip. This analysis was derived from experiments designed to identify changes in gene expression patterns that were induced in vivo by an experimental treatment.

The tools were found to be comparable with respect to the list of statistically significant genes that were up-regulated by more …

Functional Annotation And Dendrogram Representation Of Gene Expression Clustering Results, Antoneta Petkova Vladimirova

Theses

The advances in genomic sciences have created vast amounts of gene expression data. To make sense of the expression information, various techniques have been applied. Clustering is among the unsupervised methods used to group the results according to gene expression level. Dendrogram visualization allows graphical representation of the clustering. The aim of this thesis is to enhance these techniques by adding another layer of functionality, namely, annotating the dendrogram with gene functional information. Presented is an application which visualizes yeast clustering results as a dendrogram along with color-coded gene keyword annotations. Gene keyword information was extracted from a major biological …

Reconsidering Restoration, Brian Hoffner

Theses

What does the process of ecological restoration actually produce? For some restoring nature is a point of no contention. By replacing ecosystems that have been damaged by human interference, humans are taking proper responsibility for their actions. However, the environmental ethics community is all but in agreement over humans' obligations to damaged ecosystems. Some in the field claim that it is human's responsibility to perform "wild gardening", through restorations, to "our" environments. While other philosophers insist that these acts produce "faked nature".

This thesis offers a compromise vision of the meaning of restoration. The author uses the concept of Autonomous …

Sip Message Compression Technique For Efficient Multimedia Services In 3g Wireless Communications, Valerie Kenneally

Theses

The direction of the global cellular industry is primarily determined by two standardisation bodies, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (in Europe and Asia) and 3GPP2 (in North America). Both of these standardisation bodies are currently specifying a core network to deliver IP based multimedia services over 3G wireless networks. One of the fundamental building blocks of this IP based multimedia core network is the use of SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) as the control protocol. The radio resource, that is the available frequency spectrum, in wireless communication systems remains a limiting factor in terms of the bandwidth available to an …

Development Of A Portable Carbon Monoxide Sensor Based On An External Cavity Diode Laser At 1565 Nm, Eva Shirley Norris

Theses

Carbon monoxide is a major trace gas pollutant with road traffic being responsible for most emissions. Work has been done on the development of a carbon monoxide sensor, which is potentially capable of measuring the gas in vehicle exhaust emissions. This is based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy The device must distinguish carbon monoxide from other gas species and from particulate matter. The device should also operate with a response time of the order of one second, have the potential for portability and a capacity for remote operation. Experimental work presented compares and contrasts the characteristics of the free-running …

Analysis Of Phycotoxin And Mycotoxin, Contaminants In Foods, Using Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Techniques, Ana Brana Magdalena

Theses

The impact of phycotoxins and mycotoxins on human and animal health are of important concern for worldwide authorities and the scientific community. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques have been developed, optimised and validated for the analysis of these toxins.

Phycotoxins are potentially toxic substances, which are produced by marine phytoplankton and which may accumulate in shellfish or finfish. Azaspiracid poisoning (AZP) is a recently discovered syndrome that has been implicated in several incidents of human intoxications. A study was undertaken to examine the distribution of azaspiracids (AZA) in scallops {Pecten maximiis) and mussels {Mytiliis edulis). Domoic acid (DA) is an …

Trace Analysis Of Organic Substances, Alan Giltinan

Theses

One of the major challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry is the control of the amount of trace contaminants during the manufacture of organic substances. Lowering the level of contamination improves the quality of the product and reduces possible side effects.

One of the main techniques used to detect trace contaminants is UV-VIS spectroscopy, where the unique absorption fingerprint of a chemical reveals its presence. UV-VIS absorption is based upon the Beer-Lambert Law. The critical point to note about this law is that the absorption is exponentially dependent on both the concentration of the absorber and the pathlength traversed by the …

Interactive Multimedia In The Teaching Of The Irish Language In Primary School : Design, Implementation And Development., Máire Lynch

Theses

This thesis focuses on interactive multimedia use specifically in the area of vocabulary acquisition in a second language. It addresses the language learning requirements of third class (nine year olds) language learners, in Primary school. The study is based on existing second language acquisition research, computer - assisted language learning and the design and development of educational multimedia and it delivers an interactive application based on them. The study is firmly rooted in the foundations of the Revised Curriculum for Irish Primary Schools most especially in the language teaching methods it recommends and its emphasis on the use of information …

Measuring Software Size For Continuous Process Improvement, Claire O'Sullivan

Theses

This thesis looks at how the size of a software product can be measured. It looks at current software sizing methods (LOC and FPA) and shows that they are not sufficient in today’s rapidly changing environment. The COSMIC-FFP method is introduced and an overview of how it works is given. The hypothesis to be tested in this thesis is whether COSMIC-FFP is an accurate, repeatable sizing method that when applied to any type of software project produces a size measure that can be used to predict the effort required to complete the project.

This thesis investigates the use of the …

Environmental Management Of Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Weee) In Ireland, Simon Wilkinson

Theses

This thesis follows two previous studies by the Author on the calculation of theoretical WEEE arisings, and an assessment of ecodesign practices in Ireland. It has established collection trials in five different locations throughout Ireland in order to characterise and quantify WEEE arisings, and to examine outlets for collected WEEE. Overall, during the twelve months of collection at the project locations, more than 450 tonnes of WEEE was collected from the public and recycled. Within the catchments of each facility, collection rates of between 2.1 and 3.5 kg/person/year were achieved during the twelve-month trial period. With further public awareness raising …

Heterogenous Network Management, Kenneth Carey

Theses

Enterprise level system development, integrating a broad range of arctures and legacy systems, has received significant attention over the last few yentegrated chain management, which allows companies to see their full manufactu inventory and sales channels, has driven much of this work. Delivering quality IP 1 wireless access is forcing similar integration in 2.5G and 3G telecom archires. Such integration has resulted in the emergence of multi-protocol heterogeneietworks, combining IP core backbones, legacy databases and switchinghnology. Heterogeneous networks, due to their diversity of equipment and suppoDrotocols, introduce challenges for today's network administrators, particularly ii areas of device configuration and alarm …

Impact Of Reject Brine Chemical Composition From Inland Desalination Plants On Soil, Juma Bin Khalfan Bin Khamis Al-Handhaly

Theses

The impact of reject brine chemical composition and disposal from inland desalination plants on soil in the eastern region of Abu Dhabi Emirate, namely Al Wagan, Al Quaa and Urn Al Zumool, was evaluated. Twenty five (25) inland Brackish Water Reverse Osmoses (BWRO) desalination plants (11 at Al Wagan, 12 at Al Quaa, and 2 at Urn Al Zumool) were investigated. The average capacity of these plants varied between 26,400 G/d (99.93 m³/d) and 61,000 G/d (230.91 m³/d). The recovery rate varied from 60 and 70% and the reject brine accounts for about 30 - 40 …