Digital Commons Network^™

Analysis Of Weight-Related Advertisements And Nutrition Articles In Popular Women's Magazines, Jennifer Cardall Jacobson

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to discover whether the weight-related messages and themes from food advertisements in women's magazines reinforce or contradict the messages communicated in nutrition-related articles focusing on weight control within the same magazines.

Design: Content analysis of 48 issues of weight-related content six popular women's magazines, 2001-2002. There were three magazines in each of two categories, "homemaking" and "health." All food and nutrition advertisements were analyzed (n=954), along with all nutrition articles (n=336). Advertisements and articles were identified as being either weight-related or non-weight-related. Type of food/product advertised, claims used to market the product, and …

The Effect Of Whole Wild Blueberries On Endothelial Function Of The Sprague-Dawley Rat As Related To Cardiovascular Disease, Cynthia Ann Norton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly fed three different diets (n=8 per group), a control diet (AIN '93) (C), a blueberry diet (B) for 13 weeks and a reverse diet (R)(C for 13 weeks, switched to B for 8 weeks). Aortae were excised, rings were prepared, and two intact and two denuded rings were immersed in tissue baths containing physiological salt solution (PSS) at 37OC, aerated with 95% 0 2 and 5% CO2 (pH 7.4). Following equilibration and pre-conditioning under 1 Sgm preload, cumulative dose response curves were generated with six doses of the a-1 adrenergic receptor agonist L- Phenylephrine …

The Psychological Characteristics Of Obese Children, Thomas Taylor Mitchell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Several studies along with the surgeon general of the United States have identified obesity as a national health issue. Research indicates that adult obesity treatment has relatively poor long-term effects. Consequently increased attention has been given to addressing obesity in children. This focus is particularly vital due to the fact that children are one of the populations showing the most rapid increase in overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study was to identify the some of the unique psychological characteristics of obese children by analyzing the intake data of children and adolescents attending the Loma Linda University Growing Fit …

Evaluating Attitudes Of Obesity And Their Change Processes Among Student Teachers And School Teachers On The World Wide Web Using The Elaboration Likelihood Model, Anne L. Hague

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Teachers have an active role in helping to prevent and deter stigmatizing acts toward children labeled as "fat." The objective was to examine attitudes of obesity and their change processes among student teachers and schoolteachers, when exposed to a Web-based educational module promoting size acceptance, using the Elaboration- Likelihood Model (ELM). The ELM is a theoretical approach to message-based persuasion specifying conditions under which attitude change occurs. The theory was used to explain the impact of the module (content included etiological factors of obesity, implications of weight loss efforts, and emotionaVpsychosocia1 effects of obesity), high nutrition credibility of the module …

Long-Term Almond Supplementation: Effects On Diet, Eating Patterns, And Satiety In Free-Living Healthy Individuals, Karen Jaceldo-Siegl

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Because of the growing evidence of the cardio protective effect of nuts, examining the potential of nuts as a healthy food choice for the larger population should be considered. The purpose of this 12-month crossover study was to evaluate the impact on diet, eating patterns, and satiety of supplementing a self-selected diet (with little or no nuts) with ~52 g of almonds in free-living healthy males (43) and females (38) between the ages 25 and 70 years. The first six months constituted the control period where subjects followed their habitual diet (HD). During the intervention (second 6 months), subjects were …

Pre-Exercise Fueling And Endurance: Effect Of A Pre-Exercise Almond-Raisin Beverage Versus A Commercial Sports Beverage On Performance In Trained Male Runners, Wendy N. Bazilian

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Aside from genetics and training, no factor plays as important a role in exercise performance as nutrition. What athletes consume before exercise longer than 60 min influences fuel use, perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR) and time-to-exhaustion (TE). Ingesting carbohydrates (CHO) before exercise can delay exhaustion over placebo, but less is known about combinations of CHO and fat on fuel use and endurance. To date, there are few studies that systematically explore nutritious, whole food products like nuts and dried fruits as pre-exercise fuel sources for endurance exercise.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 …

Increasing Diabetes Awareness In Adolescents Through Educational Programs., Sandra J. Reese

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to increase knowledge of diabetes and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors to reduce diabetes onset in a community with a relatively high incidence of type 2 diabetes. Three hundred eighty seven students grades 7 – 12 participated in the program and taste test. Changes in knowledge before and after an educational program focusing on diabetes prevention were measured by comparison of identical pre, post, and retention tests. Students were also asked to name specific behaviors they could use to decrease the risk of diabetes. Responses were analyzed using Chi square analysis and content analysis. Overall, …

Antioxidant Assessment In Western Maine Elderly Women Following 30 Days Of Wild Blueberry Consumption, John David Bagnulo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increased fruit and vegetable consumption is the single most protective characteristic of a diet against disease. While the exact mechanism by which this protection is offered remains unclear, the leading theory is centered on the antioxidant content of fruits and vegetables. Recent studies have shown that certain fruits and vegetables have significantly higher antioxidant contents than others. Wild North American blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium) have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all h i t s and vegetables tested. This thesis investigates the relationship between the consumption of blueberries and blood antioxidant levels in 24 elderly women. In addition, fruits …

Testing Two Food Frequency Questionnaires And Stage-Based Newsletters With Economically Disadvantaged Young Adults, Beth J. Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One of the most important ways to decrease risk of chronic disease development is to consume ample portions of h i t and vegetables. However, less than one-third of young adults meet "5-A-Day" servings, and variety is limited. Economically disadvantaged young adults may be especially vulnerable and are a hard to reach audience. Many of the Cooperative Extension programs are designed to reach low-income audiences and assist them in making changes in knowledge, skills, attitudes, and dietary choices for nutritional well-being. The objectives of this study were, in Phase I, to test two food frequency instruments for feasibility of use …

The Use Of Polyphosphates To Maintain Yield And Quality Of Whole Cooked, Cryogenically Frozen Lobster (Homarus Americanus) And The Use Of Sorbitol And Tocopherol To Maintain Quality Of Whole Cooked, Cryogenically Frozen Crab (Cancer Irroratus), Beth Louise Calder

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The lobster fishery is valuable to Maine seafood processors, a commodity worth over $160 million dollars in 2001. Jonah and Rock crab are underutilized Maine seafood species, which are incidentally caught with lobster. Maine seafood processors could process this non-essential catch, and lobster into high quality frozen seafood products to increase national and international markets, which may have a significant economic impact. Cryogenic freezing can retain high quality texture and flavor attributes in seafood. Freezing can still cause cellular damage, however minimal. Sodium tripolyphophate (STP) and sorbitol are noted for their cryoprotectant effects, and tocopherol has been found to have …

Validation Of Multicultural Nutrition Counseling Competencies For Registered Dietitians, Reena Oza

Masters Theses

Objective: To validate the multicultural nutrition counseling competencies for entry-level dietitians in the next 10 years.

Design: An expert panel was asked to review the original 46 competencies and make appropriate changes. Their responses were compiled and incorporated into a survey. The survey was administered by mail and consisted of 56 competency items that subjects rated on a Likert scale of 1 to 7 (1=Somewhat essential to 7=Absolutely essential). Following the mail survey a post card reminder was sent followed by a follow-up survey to non-respondents, another post card reminder, and a final survey to a random sample of the …

Vitamin K As A Prophylaxis In The Infant, Michelle Whipple

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Since the mid-1960's, all infants in the US have received intramuscular vitamin K (IMVK) as a prophylactic measure against hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN). Because the human race has obviously survived for so many years without this medical intervention, there is some question concerning the universal necessity of this practice.

Infants are born with comparatively low levels of vitamin K, a compound vital for the carboxylation of serum clotting factors. In the absence of adequately carboxylated clotting proteins, infants are at risk for developing HDN. This condition can cause severe complications, including mental retardation and death. IMVK significantly reduces …

The Effects Of Alternative-Site Blood Glucose Monitoring On Testing Frequency, Pain Rating, And Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Nancy Bennion

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A crossover design study was conducted to determine if reducing pain, by using alternative sites off the finger tip, would increase testing frequency and improve clinical outcome as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin. Subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes tested with the FreeStyle alternative-site meter (group 1) or tested with their original meter (group 2). After 3 months the subjects used the alternate meter. Testing frequency and blood glucose concentrations were recorded for the month before the study began and monthly thereafter. Glycosylated hemoglobin was tested initially, at the crossover point, and at study conclusion. Insulin users increased testing …

Determining The Influence Of The Extracellular Proteinase From Brevibacterium Linens On The Metabolism Of Lactococcus Lactis Spp. Lactis Using Functional Genomics, Yi Xie

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since the catabolism of amino acids in cheese results in the formation of most volatile flavor compounds, a proper intracellular pool of amino acids must be established in order to produce a desirable flavor production in cheese. Generation of this pool of amino acids requires complex interactions among casein and its derivatives, proteolytic enzymes, and transport systems in the associated bacteria, including lactococci. In this project, we hypothesized that casein hydrolysis by the extracellular proteinases of Brevibacterium linens BL2 modulates the expression profile of proteolytic related genes in Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis IL1403.

In order to monitor the …

Rapid Effects Of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 On Calcium Uptake In Isolated Chick Enterocytes, Ruta Phadnis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃[25(OH)D₃] is a metabolite of vitamin D₃ that has long been considered to be an inactive precursor of the hormonally active metabolite 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D₃[l,25(OH)₂D₃]; consequently very few studies have addressed the potential biological activity of 25(OH)₂D₃. However, it is known that 100 nM 25(OH)₂D₃ increases calcium transport in the perfused duodenal loop of the chicken to 200% of controls within 20 minutes. The hypothesis of the current study is that 25(OH)₂D₃ may be a hormonally active metabolite …

Effects Of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 On Adipocyte Differentiation, Kimberly Causey

Masters Theses

Several recent reports from this laboratory demonstrate a regulatory role for intracellular Ca²⁺([Ca²⁺]_i) in modulating lipid metabolism in both human and murine adipocytes, with increased [Ca²⁺]_i coordinately stimulating lipogenesis and inhibiting lipolysis, thereby expanding lipid mass. Further, we have recently demonstrated that

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3 [1,25-(0H)2-D₃] stimulates adipocyte membrane vitamin D receptor (m VDR)-mediated rapid Ca²⁺ influx into adipocytes, resulting in the stimulation of lipogenesis and inhibition of lipolysis. However, increasing [Ca²⁺]_i in the early stages of differentiation inhibits human adipocyte differentiation, whereas increasing [Ca²⁺] …

The Dose Response Effect Of Almonds On Serum Vitamin E, Plasma Lipid Fractions And Erythrocyte Phospholipids, Pera Jambazian

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if two different amounts of almonds added to a heart healthy diet would increase vitamin E concentrations in healthy men and women, and reflect positive fatty acid profiles in serum lipids and erythrocytes. Twenty three subjects participated in a crossover metabolic study for a 14 week period. Subjects consumed one of three diets for 4 weeks each, a control diet, a low almond diet and a high almond diet after a 2 week run-in period. All meals were prepared in the test kitchen, and almonds were added to the experimental diets by …

Food Fight! America's Ideological Battle Over Lunch, Julie Lynn Lautenschlager

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The history of organized feeding programs in American workplaces and schools reveals a complex tale of coordinated efforts toward the goal of altering individual eating habits. A secondary benefit of this process accrues when that individual spreads the influence of new ideas to others. Working both in concert and isolation, various interests including both individuals and organizations, have attempted to alter the eating habits of their subjects toward the goals of increased Americanization, socialization, or productivity. their efforts have shaped the role of lunch in modern American food ideology. This dissertation examines that process, its major players, and effects beginning …

Assessment Of The Nutrition Knowledge And Nutrition Practices Of Crisis Pregnancy Center Clients, Sarah Harger

Honors Theses

Nutrition affects people's health. People often suffer illnesses and premature death that are largely due to poor dietary choices. Some people are aware that they are eating foods that are harmful and others eat poorly out of ignorance. Pregnancy is a time during the lifecycle when nutritional intake is of particular importance. Good choices can promote health and prevent major health problems or even death for the mother and the baby.

Many people are unaware of the benefits or consequences caused by the food they eat. Particularly low-income people may not be exposed to nutrition education. Many young people are …