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Boosters, Bureaucrats, Politicians And Philanthropists: Coalition Building In The Establishment Of The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Daniel Smith Pierce

Doctoral Dissertations

The movement to establish a national park in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee in the 1920s and 1930s was an exceedingly lengthy and complex process. In the seventeen years between the beginning of the park movement and the dedication of the park supporters had to overcome a number of serious obstacles raising over $10 million during difficult economic times, purchasing over six thousand individual tracts of land, overcoming the resistance of well-financed opposition, and weathering the storms of political battles and economic depression that threatened the movement at almost every turn. In order to overcome the …

The Leadership Of John Mcloughlin In Relation To The People And Events Of Pacific Northwest History, 1824-1846, John David Holliday

Dissertations and Theses

In a day when governments, judicial systems, businesses, and religious and social organizations are increasingly faced with such issues as population growth, crime, political correctness, and economic and environmental instability there is a correspondingly increased demand for able, responsible and inspired leaders. Though prominent historical figures took their stand in an era much different from our own, they faced many problems which share a common root with those of any age. A closer look at such individuals not only illuminates the strengths and weaknesses of their characters but offers valuable insights regarding the nature of their failures and successes. It …

The Concepts Of Paoying And Karma: An Example Of Syncretism, Alexander S. Levy

Masters Theses

This thesis will trace the evolution and modification of the Chinese concept of retribution, or paoying, with the Buddhist concept of karma through three periods of Chinese history: (1) the indigenous phase which comprises the time until Buddhism was introduced to China, (2) the period in which Buddhism was introduced to China and its immediate aftermath, and (3) the post-Buddhist phase in which there was a conscious effort to equate Chinese concepts with non-Chinese concepts, culminating in something that was not singularly Chinese nor wholly Buddhist To illustrate the concepts of retribution I will draw upon folk, or popular literature, …

Military Assistance Policies During The Eisenhower Administration, Robert J. Schutt

Theses and Dissertations

When World War II ended, the U.S. was left as one of the remaining superpowers. Although the Soviets were also very strong militarily, the U.S. found itself as the one nation with the most stable political and economic conditions, as well as being one of the two remaining military superpowers. With the U.S. home soil untouched by war, the economic and manufacturing infrastructures of the U.S. were stronger than ever. This situation set the stage for the start of U.S. assistance programs. In the late 194Os and throughout the Eisenhower Administration, world events shaped the U.S. military aid policies for …

Partisanship Within The American Civil Libterties Union: The Board Of Directors, The Struggle With Anti-Communism, And Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Douglas Colin Post

Master's Theses

The American Civil Liberties Union and an overwhelming majority of its historians have maintained that the organization has devoted its efforts solely to the protection of the Bill of Rights. This thesis examines that claim, focusing on the events that culminated in the expulsion of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn from the Union's Board of Directors. Relying primarily on the organization's own publications and archives, as well as several insiders' accounts, the analysis concludes that the issue of communism increasingly polarized the Board and, in a gross violation of its nonpartisan commitment to the defense of civil liberties, led ultimately to the …

U.S. Military Intelligence In Mexico, 1917-1927: An Analysis, Corbett S. Gottfried

Dissertations and Theses

The Military Intelligence Division (MID) was the U.S. Army's intelligence agency that reported to the Chief of Staff within the War Department. During the years 1917- 1927, the MID routinely conducted surveillance of Mexico, including: espionage, mail censorship, radio intercepts, intelligence gathering, and development of plans for the invasion of Mexico. This study utilizes a tripartite model to evaluate the production and analysis of military "intelligence" by the MID in Mexico during the period 1917-1927. First, the organization and development of the Military Intelligence Division from its origins in 1885 through the year 1927 is explored with sections on institutional …

Southern Baptist Missionaries And The Sino-Japanese War, 1931-1945, Sharon J. Burnham

Master's Theses

Southern Baptist men and women had lived and worked in China as missionaries for a century when Japan began its occupation of the country. They built churches and established schools and medical facilities while spreading Christianity. When the Japanese army, in 1937, escalated the war in China the missionaries found themselves working in two arenas. Many were involved in refugee relief activities in Free China, while others willingly maintained their positions in occupied territory. After the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and the United States entered World War II Southern Baptists in Occupied China became prisoners of the Japanese. They were …

Congressional Battles With Franklin D. Roosevelt Over Vetoes Of Veterans' Compensation, 1933-36, Valiant J. Heyer

Master's Theses

This thesis offers the first historical study specifically focusing on Franklin Roosevelt's battles with Congress over veterans' care and compensation from 1933 to 1936. The historical problem addressed in this thesis is, why did the New Deal congresses, with overwhelming Democratic majorities, rise in opposition to Roosevelt's policies and push for passage of veteran benefit programs that were known to be unacceptable to their President? Although most historians explain away the veterans' issue by attributing congressional efforts to pay the "bonus" to simple election-year pressure, this thesis provides a markedly different conclusion. Based on the Congressional Record, manuscript collections …

The Gold In The Hill, Jeffrey Clark Wood

Culminating Projects in History

The Gold in the Hill is a historical fiction novel for juveniles, written to entertain, inform, and change attitudes.

The setting is Minnesota in the wake of the Dakota Conflict. The principal characters are David Hughes, a mixed-blood boy, and Good Singer, a Dakota boy. Through the eyes of these two 14-year-olds, young readers should understand the clash of cultures that killed more than 500 whites and caused the death or exile of nearly every Dakota.

David and Good Singer meet in the Dakota refugee camp below Fort Snelling in the fall of 1862. They develop a relationship based on …

Right Of Privacy: Origin And Evolution Of A Constitutional Right, Eugene W. Smith

Masters Theses

This paper investigates the historical and legal question of how the Supreme Court developed the constitutional right of privacy from the Civil War Amendments to the Constitution. The emphasis is on tracing the Court's interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment since the Civil War.

Primary sources consulted included the Constitution, statutes, government publications, court opinions, briefs and other parts of case records. Newspapers, periodicals and books were used to trace more recent developments.

The paper traces the Court's use of the legal doctrines of substantive due process, selective incorporation and the new equal protection to first create a right of family …

Return To Unity: The Philosophy Of Lo Ch'in-Shun, Paul E. Devore

Dissertations and Theses

After the fall of the Han dynasty (202 B.C.-220 A.O.), Confucian thought did not become influential again until the end of the T'ang dynasty (618-907) and the beginning of the Sung dynasty (960-1279). Its resurgence in the Sung was accompanied by, if not completely driven by a newly conceived system of metaphysics. Although Sung Confucians honored and frequently referred to Confucius and Mencius, metaphysics was their central concern. Lo Ch'in-shun, a Confucian in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), saw inconsistencies between traditional Confucian thought and the thought of Sung Confucians. He viewed himself as orthodox and thought it was his duty …

"Preservation...From The Dangers Of The Enemy As Well As Seas": The Establishment Of The Old Cape Henry Lighthouse, Kevin Charles Valliant

History Theses & Dissertations

As the federal government of the United States began its existence, the Chesapeake Bay had gone without a significant navigational aid for nearly two centuries. What factors then led the newly established government to build a lighthouse on Cape Henry, at the entrance of the Bay? Although the colonial governments of Virginia and Maryland failed to build a lighthouse, their efforts provided the groundwork for the Cape Henry light, which the federal government envisioned not only as a device to guide ships to safety, but as part of a system designed to ensure revenue for the new nation. This study …

Confederate Civil War Photographers Propagators And The Hero Myth, Ronald L. Crusan

Institute for the Humanities Theses

Myths are metaphors. They are stories, sometimes handed down through hundreds of years, which help put man or a culture in accord with nature, to reconcile mankind to the harsh realities of life. Society's heroes, acting through the archetypal hero monomyth, serve as the personification of a culture's mythology. Through the hero, a society may reconcile with nature and those external forces which influence our lives.

This paper examines the historical development of the hero myth, the archetypal hero role that Robert E. Lee filled for the Southern people during the American civil War and the role that photography played …

Rescue As Imperative For The Preservation Of Integrity: A Study Of Gentile Rescuers During The Holocaust And Their Motivations, Lynn M. Osborn

Masters Theses

When Nazi policies dictated the gradual and continual reduction in the liberties and rights of those deemed undesirable, most did nothing. Most continued to do nothing when these policies were extended to include mass sterilization and extermination. In spite of this, there were a few who acted. They gave of their own meager resources of food, money, and space, to help those who needed it. They risked their very lives as well as the lives of their loved ones to protect and save fellow human beings from the Nazi reign of terror.

Research into rescuers and their motivations have shown …

Princeps Or Tyrannus: The Literature And Imagery Of Kingship In The First Century A.D., Ann Milner

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

From Promised Lands To Promised Landfill: The Iconography Of Oregon's Twentieth-Century Utopian Myth, Jeffry Lloyd Uecker

Dissertations and Theses

The state of Oregon often has been viewed as a utopia. Figures of speech borrowed from the romantic sublime, biblical pilgrimage, economic boosterism, and millenialist fatalism have been used to characterize it. The visual arts also have responded to Oregon's utopian myth. During the nineteenth century, the landscape was a primary focus for utopian art. In the twentieth century, past human achievements, recreation, agriculture, and industry have joined the environment as themes which inspire utopian imagery. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that twentieth-century art that responds to Oregon's utopian myth has given rise to an iconography which …

"You All Must Do The Best You Can" : The Civil War Widows Of Brunswick County, Virginia, 1860-1920, Jennifer Lynn Gross

Master's Theses

This study focuses upon the life experiences of the 70 Civil War widows of Brunswick County, Virginia, a rural, predominantly agricultural community. The death of a husband, particularly in a male-oriented society such as the nineteenth century South, forced his widow to cope not only with her grief but also with new household, financial, and family responsibilities as well as a new identity as a lone woman, a social category defined by the loss of the central source of identity and financial support experienced during married life. Factors such as age, family situation, community of residence, sources of emotional and …

Agitators In The Land Of Zion: The Anti-Vietnam War Movements At Brigham Young University, University Of Utah, And Utah State University, Tracey Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Through the vantage point of institutions of higher learning, Utah's distinction as a politically conservative state dominated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is examined during the Vietnam War era. The three universities in the study-Brigham Young University, University of Utah, and Utah State University- are the three oldest and most populous universities in the state. This thesis concentrates on these three institutions and less on the politics of the state at the time. Studies showed that the universities, to varying degrees, exhibited antiwar sentiment. Still, the campuses were less active in opposing the war, drawing only …

The Entry Of The People's Republic Of China Into The Korean War, Yueliang Shen

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

China's entry into the Korean War in October 1950 took both its friends and foes by surprise and quickly escalated that conflict into the first major hot war since the start of the Cold War. This thesis analyzes the Chinese decision making process and the factors that led China into the Korean conflict. Official documents, statements, and speeches of American and Chinese Communist leaders between 1945 and 1950 indicate that historical mistrust and animosity, geopolitical considerations, and a breakdown of communications all contributed to the tragic showdown that caused millions of casualties. Extensively used for this study were declassified foreign …

The Brigham City Co-Op: Case Study Of An Efficient Economic And Social Institution, Stephen J. Valentine

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints raced a twin dilemma in the years between 1868 to 1874. The specter of non-Mormon infiltration of society and destruction of the Mormon empire loomed menacingly on the horizon, and internal divisions and inequities threatened to destroy the religious ideals of unity and equality fostered by Mormons since the time of Joseph Smith, Jr. This twin crisis led Mormon leaders to institute church-wide economic and social programs of reform, culminating in 1874 with the establishment of the Second United Order of Enoch.

The Home Trenches: The Program To Increase Food Production And Conservation In Utah During World War One, Alene Estelle Alder

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Wars are not just won on the battle field but on the home front as well. Soldiers cannot fight on empty stomachs or without weapons. "The Man who tills the soil and supports the soldier in the field and the family at home is rendering as noble and patriotic service as is the man who bears the blunt of the battle" 1 It was necessary to mobilize the entire country in support of the Great War. To feed our soldiers and those of our allies, a call rang forth encouraging American farmers to increase crop production, and housewives to conserve …

The Legend Of The Midwife's Blessing, Rosanna West Walker

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

This legend was told by my aunt, Jessie Bradshaw. She was a descendant of Scottish people who settled Wellsville in the 1850s. Her mother, Janet Leatham, died giving birth to another child, and Jessie was reared by my maternal great-great grandmother, Jane Alexander Steele Leatham, who was a midwife. The family members were all devout Mormons.

Napoleonic Propaganda: Rationalization For War And Control Of An Empire, Jason S. Abate

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

This paper describes the way Napoleon Bonaparte used propaganda to influence nations to fight the enemies of nineteenth century France and to control the peoples of Europe. Although Napoleon never used the specific term "propaganda" he utilized its methods in order to sway the masses into following him. Under the leadership of Napoleon, France rose from the chaos of revolution to dominate Europe. The armies of France and its allies crushed all opposition militarily, but the political battle for the minds of the people was waged for and by Napoleon.

Uncertain Justice: The Ute Jurisdiction Case And Conflicting Directions In Federal Indian Law, A. J. Taylor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Questions of jurisdiction over Indian lands between tribal and state governments constitute some of the most vexing problems in federal Indian law. The Ute jurisdiction case captures, in one instance, the complexities that surround this important body of law. Many cases concerning Native American jurisdiction rights center on disputed interpretations of antiquated federal laws. In the Ute case, both the State of Utah and the Ute Indian tribe contested the meaning of a series of congressional acts that opened Ute lands to white settlement at the turn of the century. The protracted litigation that marked the Ute case revealed many …

Germany, Great Britain And The Rashid Ali Al-Kilani Revolt Of Spring 1941, James Christian Scott

Dissertations and Theses

There are few events in the history of humankind which have been more compelling than the Second World War (1939-1945). Unfortunately, most of what transpired during this period of history stands obscured by events such as D-Day, Kursk, and Midway, all happenings which popular history has been more than happy to dwell upon. This study' s intent is to, with the use of primary materials, analyze one of the more "obscured" happenings of the Second World War, the Rashid Ali al-Kilani Revolt of April and May 1941. Central to this work is an assessment of the policy responses of both …

"Sacerdotium, Imperium Et Studium": Politics And The Curriculum At The Unversity Of Paris In The Thirteenth Century, Elizabeth Pollard Cottrell

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

The Struggle For Community And Equality: African Americans In Baton Rouge, 1915-1955, Miranda Kombert

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Presidential Philosophies And American Foreign Policy: From The Long Telegram To The New Look, John R. Moore

History Theses & Dissertations

American foreign policy often undergoes alteration as presidential administrations change. After World War II president Harry S. Truman and President Dwight D. Eisenhower both implemented a foreign policy aimed at containing the Soviet Union, but the philosophical underpinnings of their foreign policies differed greatly. While the demands of partisan and international politics account for some of this difference, the impact on foreign policy of the two men's personalities deserves attention and investigation. In other words, how did the individual backgrounds, personal beliefs and world views of Truman and Eisenhower dictate their approach to foreign policy? The source used in this …

Transitions: A History Of Trinity College Rome Campus, Alicia Linda Mioli

Senior Theses and Projects

This thesis "gives a largely chronological narrative of the history of the program from when it was only an idea in [Professor Michael R.] Campo's head until it was integrated into Trinity's curriculum" (p. 2-3).

The Businesswomen Of Richmond During The Civil War Era, Ilene Goldenberg

Honors Theses

The history of businesswomen, like the history of businessmen, is largely stories of failure. Most of the Richmond businesswomen during this period experienced no success, some achieved marginal success, and only a handful achieved great success. For every woman like Mrs. Lyons or Mrs. Philips, there were five who failed within five years. But when one of these businesswomen failed, the effects were generally restricted to that particular woman, since most of these women ran small businesses that did not employ many workers. While their lack of overall success stands out, these women were able to achieve more control over …