Digital Commons Network^™

"Living In The Confluence Of Two Eternities": The Impact Of Politicized Religion In Richmond, Virginia, 1845-1914, Timothy Allen Case

Master's Theses

This thesis analyzes the political nature of religion before, during, and after the Civil War in Richmond, Virginia, the capitol city of the Confederacy. I contend that the relationship between the state and the church, politics and faith, public space and sacred space was forever changed by the war and its origins. Sacred space and sacred actors became political space and political actors before the war in the debates over slavery, during the war in defense of the Confederacy, and continued in this role in its aftermath. Their faith in God and his providence for the South aided Southerners as …

Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Greening An Older Modest-Sized Home, Delilah Zoe Leval

Master's Theses

This professional project estimates the upfront costs and utility savings expected from greening an approximately 1,100 square foot home built in the 1950s in the San Francisco Bay Area. Two sets of upgrades (alternative and original) were compared for costs and benefits. The alternative set (which included ceiling insulation and omitted upgrading to dual-pane windows) clearly out performed the original set. The alternative set would be expected to reduce resident utility bills by 28% annually, and to prevent approximately 2,700 lbs of carbon dioxide emissions annually. The water efficiency upgrades were the best performing group of upgrades, as they had …

Storm-Related Suspended Particulate Matter In Little Westham Creek, John R. Jordan

Master's Theses

Properties of a watershed regulate the amount of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in a stream. The present study examined relationships between storm-related SPM and impervious area and tree cover in the suburban watershed of Little Westham Creek, Richmond, Virginia during Summer and early Fall, 1999. SPM concentration, SPM discharge, and turbidity due to clay, silt and sand, and the areas of impervious surface and tree stand cover in the watershed were measured at three sites. SPM concentration, SPM discharge, and turbidity due to clay were greater upstream than downstream. The percentages of watershed area covered by impervious surfaces and tree …

The First Fifty Years Of Professional Baseball In Richmond, Virginia : 1883-1932, Scott P. Mayer

Master's Theses

A detailed history of Richmond, Virginia's relationship with professional baseball has never been chronicled, especially the turbulent, early years of its development. This study explores Richmond's relationship with baseball from 1883-1932. It includes information about the men who played on the field, the team owners, and also comments on the relationship shared by the team and the city.

The most reliable source of information regarding early baseball is the local newspaper. A detailed reading of the Richmond Daily Dispatch, and the successive Richmond Dispatch and Richmond Times-Dispatch, was undertaken for this project. While several newspapers have existed in Richmond's history, …

A Tale Of Two Houses, Transported : Virginia House And Agecroft Hall, Heather Lynn Skilton

Master's Theses

This thesis examines why and how two couples in Richmond, Virginia came to purchase and transport from England to America two ancient English manor homes. A brief overvie\v of the backgrounds and ideas of Alexander and Virginia Weddell and Thomas C. and Elizabeth Williams, Jr. is offered, along with a look at the Richmond of the 1920s into which they brought these homes. As with any major undertaking such as this, the press and public had opinions to share, both in England and America, many of which are found in newspapers of the day. Articles, editorials, and letters to the …

Prohibition In Richmond, Joseph George Era

Master's Theses

The effort to abolish Virginia's liquor trade was a failed experiment in Richmond. The city's liquor industry prospered at the turn of the century, as anti-liquor forces gradually drove saloons from the rural areas of the state. From 1916 until 1933, the political influence of groups like the Anti-Saloon League of Virginia and the Women's Christian Temperance Union led to state-wide prohibition. For seventeen years, various state and federal laws were enacted to stop the flow of ardent spirits. Despite tremendous costs for enforcement, and constant pressure by prohibitionists on the city's courts and juries, many Richmonders flouted the liquor …

Immigrants In Richmond After The Civil War : 1865-1880, Rudolph H. Bunzl

Master's Theses

Richmond's foreign-born inhabitants in 1860 represented about twenty percent of the white population. The Irish and German communities were particularly influential. This thesis examines whether immigration resumed after the Civil War, where immigrants came from, and what role they played in the community. Research included examination of naturalization and census records, church records, newspapers of the period, records of German organizations, and the records of the Virginia legislature. The conclusions are: Immigration resumed on a very small scale. Government efforts to attract more immigrants were unsuccessful. The majority of newcomers were Germans; others came from Scotland, Italy, Ireland, England, and …

The African-American Community Of Richmond, Virginia : 1950-1956, Michael Eric Taylor

Master's Theses

This thesis offers a topical narrative of the history of the African American camrunity of Richmond, Virginia, during the early 1950s.A number of areas are explored including demographics, econcmic issues, housing, the black business camrunity, the church, social life, education, politics and the battle against segregation.Despite the hardships inposed by segregation, blacks in Richmond forrned a vigorous camrunity and during the period 1950 to 1956 won sane victories and suffered setbacks in their quest for a better life.

Newspaper accounts fran both black and white newspapers in Richmond were the major source for this paper.Government reports, city directories, church documents, …

Richmond's Taverns In The Years 1775 - 1810 : Their Role In The City's Development From Frontier Town To Capital City, Anne Rachel Hedges

Master's Theses

Richmond's taverns provided food, drink and lodging to travelers. They also served as vital community links for various pastimes, such as gambling, but also expanded their sphere of influence during the nineteenth century by providing spaces for auctions and sales, as well as theatrical and musical performances. An examination of contemporary travelers' accounts, as well as newspapers, wills, insurance reports and legislative documents provided an in-depth portrait of the taverns' importance to the city. The development of numerous taverns in Richmond paralleled the city's prominence as the new capital city of Virginia, and preceded the rapid growth Richmond would experience …

The Richmond Slave Market, 1840-1860, Robert H. Gudmestad

Master's Theses

On the eve of the Civil War, Richmond had developed into the largest market in the Upper South for the purchase of slaves. This thesis examines the individuals responsible for putting the city into such a pre-eminent position. Many of them gravitated to the business because of the opportunity to amass a significant amount of wealth. Those who became most successful were among the city's wealthiest residents, while traders as a whole became a close knit and well defined group within the city. They relied upon one another to foster the trade, while a few of their number assumed prominent …

I'Ve Been Working On The Railroad : The Saga Of The Richmond, Fredericksburg And Potomac Railroad Company, C. Coleman Mcgehee

Master's Theses

The Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad Company (RF&P) is the only American railroad that has operated for over a century and a half under its original name and charter without reorganization. It is also the last remaining company in which the Commonwealth of Virginia held stock that was purchased in 1834 to encourage the development of transportation within the State.

This thesis covers the history of this company with major emphasis on the period 1955-1991. It was during this time that the RF&P was transformed from a "pure railroad" to a corporation that not only owned a strategic 113 mile …

The German Immigrant Community Of Richmond, Virginia : 1848-1852, Michael Everette Bell

Master's Theses

This thesis explores the community of German immigrants in Richmond, and Henrico County, Virginia, prior to the influx of the political refugees of the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states. The arrival and adjustment of the immigrants to their new home, occupations, social organization and political activities are discussed, as well as their impact upon the growth and development of the city of Richmond in general. Information on Richmond's German community was obtained from the 1850 census, memoirs, church and synagogue registers, city directories, newspapers, and tax records. The data gathered were sorted by computer, offering a detailed statistical …

Thrift Competition And Its Impact On Financial Institution Mergers And Acquisitions In The Richmond, Virginia Rma, Kenneth W. Vance

Master's Theses

Commercial banking has been subject to antitrust review for only a few decades. In 1948, the Transamerica Corporation was charged by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System with a violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act when it acquired controlling interest in several independent banks in California ⁽¹⁾. At the time of the acquisitions, the banks in question were in direct competition with one or more oof the banks already controlled by Transamerica Corporation. Moreover, Transamerica Corporation held a major interest in Bank of America. This unique case ignited a fear of probable banking concentration …

The Irish Community In Antebellum Richmond, 1840-1860, Kathryn Lynn Mahone

Master's Theses

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the Irish immigrants experienc e in antebellum Richmond, Virginia. Their journey to America and the various reasons for migrating south were also included in the study. The neighborhoods and occupations of the Irish were described as well as the immigrant's role in Richmond's antebellum society. The Catholic church, benevolent groups and militias were reviewed in order to understand how Irish helped fellow immigrants adjust and prosper in their new home.

The paper was based on information from the census records of 1850/1860, and from various city directories. Personal property and death records …

Immigrants In Richmond, Virginia : Lebanese, Armenians And Greeks, 1900-1925, Kaye Brinkley Spalding

Master's Theses

In most of the published histories and memoirs of the city of Richmond there is little or no mention of its post Civil War immigrant population. If any ethnic group is referred to, it is almost invariably either the Germans, the Irish or the Jews, in spite of the fact that it is evident from even the most casual perusal of the Richmond city directory or the telephone directory that there are many city residents whose ancestors were not the traditional Anglo-Saxons, their slaves, or members of the three above mentioned groups.

The Role Of Socio-Economic Status In Determining Voting Behavior In Richmond, Virginia, Arthur Henry Verburg

Master's Theses

The question as to why an individual votes as he does has been a much-researched and frequently debated source of inquiry. Many scholars over the years have examined the question from different approaches, utilizing a variety of data, and have arrived at several different answers. In this paper I will explore one such answer: the role of socio-economic status (SES). The area of study will be the City of Richmond, Virginia, during the years 1968-1973.

Richmond And The Sturdy Beggar : A Local Study Of Unemployment Relief 1929-1935, Dorothy Herin Brinkley

Master's Theses

While studying the Great Depression's impact on the United States in a graduate se.minar, the period of 1933 and Roosevelt 's New Deal programs for the unemployed appeared to mark a major dividing point in attitude toward public treatment of the unemployed. Searching for a way to investigate this idea, I began a study of Richmond, Virginia, to determine whether Richmond's experience with unemployment during the depression had resulted in any lasting changes in its view of unemployment relief. The method chosen was a chronological study of unemployment relief in Richmond from 1929 to 1935 to accomplish the following purposes: …

The Quality Of Storm Runoff From Different Kinds Of Land Surfaces In The Drainage Basin Of Westhampton Lake, Richmond, Virginia, Margaret Emil Coppedge

Master's Theses

Samples of runoff were collected during storms from four different areas within the drainage basin of Westhampton Lake, Richmond, Virginia, between October, 1977, and January, 1978. The areas were a residential area, concrete street gutter, asphalt parking lot, and broadleaf forest.

The samples were analyzed for pH, levels of reactive phosphate, nitrate, and turbidity, and their effects on the growth of algae from Westhampton Lake.

The pH of runoff from the residential area, gutter, and forest usually ranged between 6-7 and the parking lot usually ranged between 4-5. Levels of turbidity varied considerably between storms and areas. Runoff from the …

A Survey Of Fresh-Water Oligochaeta And Their Commensal Ciliates From The Richmond, Virginia Area, Elsa Queen Falls

Master's Theses

The distribution of North American aquatic oligochaetes and the ciliates inhabiting their guts have received very limited attention. For this reason, the present study was initiated to survey fresh ­water oligochaetes of the families Aeolosomatidae, Naididae, Opistocystidae, and Lumbriculidae in four bodies of water of the Richmond, Virginia area and to determine the incidence of commensal ciliates within the gut .

The Participation Of The Richmond Negro In Politics, 1890-1900, Joe B. Wilkins

Master's Theses

This short treatise on one aspect of Negro history is the result of the author's pro'ound interest in United States history. The author's personal interest in the history of the Negro in the New South contributed to the selection of this topic.

The Richmond Negro by the end of the decade,1890-1900, was Virtually powerless politically and was ostracized from white society. All Negro Councilmen and Aldermen had been defeated in the May 1896 municipal elections and had been unsuccessful in regaining their seats. Thus in ten years the Negro had lost almost all political rights and witnessed the paternalistic attitude …

A Study Of Youth Employment In Richmond, 1960-1966, Frederick Brandt Smith

Master's Theses

This statistical study was made to determine whether there have been any trends in the employment of youth in the Richmond Metropolitan Area from the year 1960 through 1966. The seven sub-problems were: (1) to determine whether there was a definite increase in the number of youths employed; (2) to determine whether sex was a determinant for employment; (3) to determine whether race Has a factor in employment; (4) to determine whether Richmond City hired more Richmond youths than youths who resided outside the City; (5) to determine the areas of employment; (6) to determine whether there were any indications …

History Of Richmond Baptists, 1780-1860, Roland Stuart Carlton

Master's Theses

Organized Baptist work began in Richmond in June, 1780. Several families belonging to the Boar Swamp Baptist Church in Henrico County had moved into the Richmond area. The distance, the road conditions, and the modes of travel made it difficult for these people to worship regularly at their church. Their pastor, Joshua Morris, also realized their problem, During the month of June, 1780, he met with these folks at the home of Mr. John Franklin, located on the northeast corner of Carrington and Pink Streets in the east end of Richmond. There were fourteen in attendance. Together they had prayer …

A Study Of The Dropout Problem With Emphasis On Educational Programs And Services For Potential Dropouts In The Richmond Public Schools, Michael Lewis Waring

Master's Theses

The purposes of this study are (l) to describe the dropout situation and provide statistics concerning this problem in the United States, Virginia, and Richmond and (2) to describe the programs and services for potential dropouts which tend to improve the holding power of Richmond's public schools.

This thesis provides background information necessary for a better understanding of the dropout situation.

There exists no one source from which teachers, administrators, and laymen can learn about the various programs and services offered by the Richmond Public Schools to deal with the dropout problem. This problem is becoming more acute with the …

A Study Of The Cuban Community In Richmond, Mary E. Tyler

Master's Theses

For Cubans there has been a long, historic exile path to the United States. The Spanish historian Justo Zaragoza noted that 100,000 persons fled the island in 1869,² following the start of the Ten Years' War agitating for independence from Spain. Again in 1895 when the War for Independence broke out, Cuban colonies were founded in Southern Florida, Tampa, and other U.S. cities.

Political activity was very much a part of the exile groups from the time that the great Cuban hero, Jose Marti plotted his revolution in a house in Tampa.³ Revolutionary activity was carried on among …

The Military Occupation Of Richmond, 1865-1870, Richard M. Duggan

Master's Theses

It has been my hope to present this paper as a part of the historical portrayal of the U. S. Amy's experience with ''military government and civil affairs." With this view in mind, I have devoted the first chapter to a brief history of the army's occupation experiences, especially through the Civil War. Additionally, I have attempted to define and clarify several terms used to differentiate the use of military authority.

More specifically, the purpose of this thesis is to determine the extent of military control affecting the govermant of Richmond during the 1865-1870 period following the Civil War. l …

An Experiment In Group Counseling At John Marshall High School, Richmond, Virginia, Daniel S. Marshall

Master's Theses

A request was made by the principal of John Marshall High School to the guidance staff that experimentation be done in the area of group counseling. The writer, who had previously served on the guidance staff and subsequently as a teacher, agreed to coordinate the experiment. In addition to the coordinator, two teachers and two counselors assisted in the implementation and performance of the experiment.

The objective of the experiment was to see whether there was improvement in citizenship and academic achievement manifested as a result of the experiment in group counseling of problem students. With this objective in mind …

An Investigation Of The Attitudes Expressed By Richmond's Press Toward Thomas Jefferson In The Presidential Elections Of 1800, 1804, And 1808, Edward Allison Brown

Master's Theses

This paper is an investigati on of the attitudes expressed toward Thomas Jefferson by Richmond's press in the presidential elections of 1800, 1804, and 1808. Jefferson, revered and venerated today, as a controversial figure during these years and was attacked most severely by bis political opponents and defended staunchly by his political friends. This investigation covers only the newspapers of Richmond during these election years, and no attempt has been made to deal with the multitudinous tracts, pamphlets, and other circulars printed in these years.

Principal reliance has been placed upon Richmond 's three largest and most enduring newspapers of …

The Alcohol Problem In The Richmond Metropolitan Area And Management's Role In Combating It, Edmund E. Meredith

Master's Theses

The purpose of the thesis 1 s to show something of the seriousness of the alcohol problem as it is effecting business and industrial organisations. At the same time I have tried to develop information which will be useful to management, especially in the Richmond area, in combating the problem.

Much of the information obtained has been on a confidential basis which has been necessary because of the nature of the problem.

I wish to thank all of those who have taken the time to furnish information. I particularly wish to thank Dr. Thomas S. Berry, Dr. Milton A. Maxwell, …

The Richmond Transit Strike Of 1903, Thomas Jefferson Headlee Jr.

Master's Theses

A general history of the American Labor movement introduces the reader to the mainstream of trade unionism in the United States. It is the purpose of this paper however, to record the events of only one of the less important incidents in the twentieth century. That this experiment of labor in Richmond, Virginia in the year 1903 should have failed, does not detract from its value to the historian, for the study of even an unsuccessful strike may add to our knowledge of the various unions and anti-unionism. In addition, it certainly behooves us, as Richmond's, to learn something further …

The Impact Of Inflation On Selected Wage And Salary Groups In The Richmond Area, Carl Edward Tucker

Master's Theses

One of the greatest economic problems existing in the United States today is inflation. This problem is magnified because our population is still growing, there are changes taking place in methods of production, and property and wealth are being re-distributed.

Americans continually want more things which are bigger and better and they are willing to go in debt to have them. They want more and bigger automobiles, highways, more services, better schools, and more leisure time. The effective demand sometimes has a way of getting ahead of the capacity to produce. With this demand for goods, prices continue to rise …