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The Use Of Behavior Skills Training To Teach Paraprofessionals Discrete Trial Teaching, Ali Jo-Celeste Headley
The Use Of Behavior Skills Training To Teach Paraprofessionals Discrete Trial Teaching, Ali Jo-Celeste Headley
MSU Graduate Theses
Behavioral skills training (BST) was used to teach discrete trial teaching (DTT) to three paraprofessionals. Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) has been used successfully with students with autism to individualize and simplify classroom instruction. DTT is an evidence-based training procedure used with elementary aged children to promote the development of communication/language, adaptive behavior, cognitive/academic skills, social and play skills, and for reducing interfering behaviors. Behavioral skills training is a training package that includes instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback. A multiple baseline design across participants was used to assess the treatment effects. The paraprofessionals in this study increased their implementation of DTT …
Multiple Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Training, Stephanie Aholt
Multiple Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Training, Stephanie Aholt
MSU Graduate Theses
Mindfulness-based interventions have been related to emotional regulation, reduced stress, and increased psychological flexibility. The current investigation extended previous findings by examining the short-term effects of a brief mindfulness training in undergraduate psychology students. The non-concurrent multiple baseline design evaluated heart rate and cortisol changes in response to a brief mindfulness-based intervention. The results found for some individuals, participation in the mindfulness intervention helped regulate their emotions and heart rate, as evidenced by the decrease in heart rate and cortisol and increase in psychological flexibility by changes in Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2 and Perceived Stress Scale-14 scores. Findings suggest more …
The Development And Validation Of Personality-Based Implicit Measures For Predicting Character Failure, David Doedli Willis
The Development And Validation Of Personality-Based Implicit Measures For Predicting Character Failure, David Doedli Willis
MSU Graduate Theses
Previous research in personality-based Implicit Association Tests (IATs) found little predictive power and obtained limited psychometric properties. This study was designed to improve the psychometric properties of personality-based Implicit Association Tests designed to assess attributes related to integrity and character. The predictive validity of the IATs for behavior related to character failure (e.g. dishonesty and rule violations) was also investigated. The personality-based IATs target attitudes and behavior related to what is referred to as the dark side of personality (i.e. traits related to Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism). To obtain criterion behavior related to these traits a temptation manipulation provided subjects …
The Relationship Between Lead In Groundwater And Elementary School Students' Academic Performance In Missouri, Lynnette Xiangling Li
The Relationship Between Lead In Groundwater And Elementary School Students' Academic Performance In Missouri, Lynnette Xiangling Li
MSU Graduate Theses
Lead exposure can come from various sources, e.g., lead mines, industrial areas, and lead based paint. Missouri has more than 4,128 lead mines. Lead is a neurotoxin. The objectives of the study were to investigate i) the spatial relationship between lead mines and lead distribution in groundwater, ii) the statistical impact of lead in groundwater on students' Missouri Assessment Program (MAP) scores, and iii) the geographic variations of lead's impact on students' MAP scores. Geographic Information Science spatial analysis tools were used to analyze the concentration of lead in groundwater within school districts in Missouri. Regression analysis was utilized to …
Ethicality Of Advisor Motives In Academic Advising: Faculty, Staff, And Student Perspectives, Xiafei Xue
Ethicality Of Advisor Motives In Academic Advising: Faculty, Staff, And Student Perspectives, Xiafei Xue
MSU Graduate Theses
Advising is an important aspect in academic settings. While the literature has emphasized better academic advising, including the personal qualities of good advisors, there has been little emphasis on ethical issues and ethical concerns related to advisors' roles or positions. The National Academic Advising Association (NACADA) provides a set of core values to guide ethical behavior. The current study examined (in an experimental design) faculty, staff, and student perspectives regarding advisors' more ethical, neutral, or less ethical behaviors. Results indicated that there were no significant differences between faculty and staff. All groups could differentiate between ethical and unethical extremes, but …
Selecting For Commitment: Intentional And Habitual Predictors, Carl Witten
Selecting For Commitment: Intentional And Habitual Predictors, Carl Witten
MSU Graduate Theses
This study examines long term strategic thinking (LTST) as a predictor of organizational commitment and turnover intentions, and attempts to distinguish it from the personality factor conscientiousness. Although LTST is related to conscientiousness, its use as a selection device relies on enhanced prediction above conscientiousness alone. Results of a survey study show that different facets of organizational commitment are to some extent differentially predicted by these two constructs.
Frozen Conflicts, De Facto States, And Enduring Interests In The Russian Near Abroad, Brittany A. Pohl
Frozen Conflicts, De Facto States, And Enduring Interests In The Russian Near Abroad, Brittany A. Pohl
MSU Graduate Theses
The dissolution of the Soviet Union resulted in the establishment of fifteen sovereign nations and a number of separatist states concentrated in the greater Black Sea region. The latter, so-called de facto states, are the result of frozen conflicts that emerged as Moscow's grip over its territory weakened in the waning years of the USSR and dormant ethno-religious tensions erupted into internecine conflict. Separatists, ultimately with help from Moscow, were able to enshrine victories on the battlefield through ceasefires with metropolitan states that have held for over two decades. However, the issues surrounding these pseudo-states remain unsettled, and attempts at …
A Qualitative Study On The Meaning Of Having A Child For Mothers Who Were Abused In Their Childhood, Maki Shigematsu
A Qualitative Study On The Meaning Of Having A Child For Mothers Who Were Abused In Their Childhood, Maki Shigematsu
MSU Graduate Theses
The purpose of this research is to understand what having a child means for mothers who experienced child abuse, how their children affected the motherhood positively, and how the mothers tried to overcome their child abuse experiences. Three mothers were found as participants for the study. The data were collected by qualitative, open-ended interviews. Each of the mothers had one interview that lasted around 1-1.5 hours. The mothers' lived-experiences are portrayed with analysis and in-depth interpretation. The study shows how child abuse experiences impacted the participants' lives and parenting, how the participants made progress in their experiences growing up, and …
“Frames” And Bias: How A Lack Of Context In Middle East News Coverage Can Impact U.S. Foreign Policy, Jennifer Lois Moore
“Frames” And Bias: How A Lack Of Context In Middle East News Coverage Can Impact U.S. Foreign Policy, Jennifer Lois Moore
MSU Graduate Theses
This thesis is a critical examination into how American mainstream news media outlets often neglect to incorporate religious, cultural and historical context into their coverage of the Middle East. I show through my research and analysis that the news coverage of the Middle East, even at the highest echelons of American journalism, is often lacking in sophistication in terms of cultural and religious context, sometimes to the point of affecting its fairness and accuracy. The danger of this is that it has the power to grossly simplify and reduce to an “us versus them” frame an entire contingent of the …
Concurrent Biological, Electromagnetic Pulse, And Cyber Attacks - A Challenge To The Interagency Response, Patricia Rohrbeck
Concurrent Biological, Electromagnetic Pulse, And Cyber Attacks - A Challenge To The Interagency Response, Patricia Rohrbeck
MSU Graduate Theses
The U.S. including its military depends on an electrical grid and electricity-based critical infrastructure. An electromagnetic pulse (EMP) and cyber attack can disable not just a significant portion of the electrical grid and critical infrastructure, but also the networkcentric military response to such an attack. There is a large range of actors that might attempt EMP attacks against the U.S.. Health surveillance systems are network-centric, and if mass destruction is the goal of an adversary, launching a biological attack concurrently with EMP and cyber attacks may achieve this goal. Current agency response plans focus on one WMD attack at a …
Using Behavior Skills Training To Teach Effective Conversation Skills To Individuals With Disabilities, Allison L. Schmidt
Using Behavior Skills Training To Teach Effective Conversation Skills To Individuals With Disabilities, Allison L. Schmidt
MSU Graduate Theses
A behavioral skills training (BST) package consisting of instructions, modeling an appropriate conversation, participant rehearsal, and constructive feedback, was used to teach appropriate conversation skills to three adults with developmental disabilities. A task analysis was used to define the steps of having a conversation. These steps included greetings, initiations, initiating a topic, responding, and maintaining a topic as the target skills. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used; an A-B-C format was embedded within the design for participants 1 and 2. Participant 3 was assessed using an A-B format. In situ was measured across three settings: each participant's …
Does Person And Process Praise Influence Success Of Transferring Knowledge?, Leah Mae Wilson
Does Person And Process Praise Influence Success Of Transferring Knowledge?, Leah Mae Wilson
MSU Graduate Theses
The effects of person, process, and neutral praise were examined to assess differences in the types of praise used to frame participant motivation and subsequent transfer success. A sample of undergraduate psychology students (N = 66) were tested using the Tower of Hanoi puzzle to assess transfer success based on the number of trials and average time per trials necessary to solve the transfer task. Participants also reported levels of existing achievement goal orientations and task-specific intrinsic motivation. Exploratory analyses indicated that the number of trials, average time per trial across conditions, as well intrinsic motivation did not differ by …
Exploration Of Factors In Established Scales Regarding Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders, Amy Elizabeth Bauman
Exploration Of Factors In Established Scales Regarding Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders, Amy Elizabeth Bauman
MSU Graduate Theses
Attitudes toward sex offenders are generally negative, and many of us come into contact with these individuals within our communities and perhaps our occupations. Some of these opinions, however, are fueled by stereotypes whether accurate or erroneous. These opinions likely affect interactions with these individuals and punitive policies, which may impact the rehabilitation process of sex offenders. Measuring attitudes may offer insight into specific beliefs regarding this population and perhaps support the conveyance of accurate information surrounding sex offenders and their rehabilitation process. There are few existing measures utilized for measuring attitudes toward sex offenders, and those in use vary …
Message Framing And Source Factors: Peers' Impact On Exercise Intentions, Samantha Grace Lynn Hunter
Message Framing And Source Factors: Peers' Impact On Exercise Intentions, Samantha Grace Lynn Hunter
MSU Graduate Theses
The present study examined reported exercise intentions, confidence ratings, and exercise behaviors by manipulating the health status of the message source (lifetime healthy, reformed unhealthy) and message frame (gain, loss). Participants read background information pertaining to the health experience of the message source. Participants then read a physical activity health pamphlet that was attributed to the message source. The health pamphlet provided four arguments that were presented in either a gain or loss frame depending on experimental condition. The results revealed that there was a strong positive relationship between exercise intentions and actual exercise behavior reported during the follow up …
Development And Vailidation Of Implicit Association Tests For Organizational Citizenship Behavior Motives, Tonielle Myriah Fiscus
Development And Vailidation Of Implicit Association Tests For Organizational Citizenship Behavior Motives, Tonielle Myriah Fiscus
MSU Graduate Theses
Organizations have long held an interest in organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), as they provide a link between employee satisfaction and productivity. Only recently have researchers begun to investigate the reasons why employees perform OCB. Explicit (self-report) measures of OCB motives are susceptible to contamination from impression management and self-knowledge artifacts, making the results of such measures potentially inaccurate. Four Implicit Association Tests (IATs) were developed to assess the OCB motives that Borman and Penner (2001) describe. Because the IAT procedure uses reaction times on classification tasks, the procedure is resistant to the contamination that impression management and inaccurate self-knowledge can …
Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems: The Case For International Prohibition, Kenneth Brandon Turner
Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems: The Case For International Prohibition, Kenneth Brandon Turner
MSU Graduate Theses
In October of 2001, an American unmanned aerial vehicle was credited with the first 'kill' by a drone strike, setting off an enduring debate on the role of unmanned systems in warfare. Over a decade later, the number and capability of unmanned systems have grown and are rapidly expanding in use worldwide, the proliferation of weaponized ‘drones' now extending to non-state actors as well as nation-states. This thesis examines the current and future state of lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS) and the argument that the development and deployment of LAWS should be subject to an international prohibition until the facets …
Personality Factors, Ideology, And Sensitivity To Change, Jahnavi Rose Delmonico
Personality Factors, Ideology, And Sensitivity To Change, Jahnavi Rose Delmonico
MSU Graduate Theses
This study examined the potential for a predictive relationship between political conservatism and change detection. Research on the visual system has revealed a general tendency to overlook changes in a stationary scene when two versions are displayed alternately with a masking slide, known as the flicker paradigm. We examined whether political conservatism and various related measures predicted whether and how quickly changes were detected during a flicker paradigm task. Measures of interest were conservatism as measured by the Social and Economic Conservatism scale, openness as measured by the short form of the Big Five Inventory, authoritarianism as measured by the …
Methods Of Measuring Visual Scanning Of Upright And Inverted Ecological Images, Benjamin Lee Graves
Methods Of Measuring Visual Scanning Of Upright And Inverted Ecological Images, Benjamin Lee Graves
MSU Graduate Theses
Facial recognition has been long held as a special perceptual process at which humans excel, and is primarily a function of perceptual experience. However, there are experimental manipulations that impede this perceptual process and make it more difficult for humans to recognize the face (i.e. only presenting half a face or inverting the face). In the case of inversion, it is though that the inverted face interrupts a person's ability to process the face holistically and forces a change to featural processing. The purpose of this experiment was to examine if inversion of ecologically valid images would also impact recognition …
A Psychometric Exploration Of Visuo-Constructive Ability And Processing Speed, Kayla Marie Lejeune
A Psychometric Exploration Of Visuo-Constructive Ability And Processing Speed, Kayla Marie Lejeune
MSU Graduate Theses
This study was conducted in order to explore the relationship between visuo-motor integration and processing speed; specifically, whether the WISC-V Coding B subtest is a better measure of visuo-motor ability. Visuo-motor ability and processing speed were assessed in a small, clinical sample (N = 13) of children and adolescents (ages 8-16 years). Results of correlation analyses indicated no significant relationship between visuo-constructive ability and processing speed, as measured by the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery VMI) and the Coding subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Fifth Edition (WISC-V). Results of one correlational analysis revealed that the …
Fluctuations In Body Dissatisfaction Across Social Comparison Situations, Stephanie Jian Chen
Fluctuations In Body Dissatisfaction Across Social Comparison Situations, Stephanie Jian Chen
MSU Graduate Theses
Body image has been seen traditionally as a stable trait or dispositional construct. However, recent researchers has increasingly recognized a more dynamic aspect of it—one which is likely impacted by various situational factors. One such situational factor is the process of social comparison. As a method of social comparison, clothing size manipulations (such as trying on different sizes of pants) have been shown to affect fluctuations in female participants' body image. Research has also highlighted the detrimental effects of certain visual cues, such as viewing images of slender female figures, on body image. However, there is a lack of research …
The Relationship Between The Buss-Perry Aggression Scale And Evoked Heart Rate While Attending Aggression And Friendly Dyadic Interactions, Sarhand Awla Hasan
The Relationship Between The Buss-Perry Aggression Scale And Evoked Heart Rate While Attending Aggression And Friendly Dyadic Interactions, Sarhand Awla Hasan
MSU Graduate Theses
The relationship between an individual's propensity of displaying aggressive behavior, as assessed via the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and physiological responses (evoked heart rate (HR)) while viewing 5-sec video clips of aggressive and friendly dyadic interactions was examined. No significant differences between aggressive and friendly groups' Evoked HR were found. However, there were significant individual differences in aggression identified within the aggressive and friendly video groups. Individuals who scored low on Buss-Perry Verbal Aggression subscale displayed HR deceleration, whereas individuals who scored high on Buss-Perry Verbal Aggression subscale displayed HR acceleration when viewing verbal but not physically aggressive video clips. This …
Beyond The Three-Category Model: An Exploration Of Sexual Orientation In Women Aged 18 And Older, Julie C. Wrocklage
Beyond The Three-Category Model: An Exploration Of Sexual Orientation In Women Aged 18 And Older, Julie C. Wrocklage
MSU Graduate Theses
This qualitative study increases our understanding of sexual orientation in women aged 18 and older whose experiences do not fit within the three-category (heterosexual, bisexual, homosexual) model of sexual orientation. Through in-depth interviewing, this study explored the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of five women who described their sexual orientation as 'unlabeled', 'mostly heterosexual', and/or reported experiencing sexual fluidity. The results suggest that gender is not always the determining factor in an individual's experience of attraction and that the three-category model is an oversimplification of the complexity inherent in sexual orientation. The lived experience of the women in this study calls …
The Relevance Of Militant Islamist Ideology In Crafting Countering Violent Extremism Policy In The U.S., Leena Almeda Carmenates
The Relevance Of Militant Islamist Ideology In Crafting Countering Violent Extremism Policy In The U.S., Leena Almeda Carmenates
MSU Graduate Theses
Militant Islamist ideology and the level of attention and reaction it merits from the United States government has been the point of much contention and debate within both the academic and policy communities. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the relevance of militant Islamist ideology in crafting and implementing the emerging United States policy of Countering Violent Extremism (CVE). Militant Islamist ideology provides its adherents with a strong sense of identity, motivation towards a seemingly worthy cause, and an all-encompassing and simplistic worldview. This ultimately points to the importance of engaging with the Muslim community, careful and tactful …
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) And Physical Therapy Adherence, Jennifer Ashley Battles
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) And Physical Therapy Adherence, Jennifer Ashley Battles
MSU Graduate Theses
Adherence to physical therapy rehabilitation is one of the most common issues physical therapists face with patients. Methods to improve physical therapy adherence have only been mildly successful, and many modalities fail to address psychological components that affect compliance. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a third wave behavior analytic therapy that has recently been utilized to influence health behavior change through emphasizing mindfulness, values, and psychological. The current study evaluates the effectiveness of a brief ACT intervention on physical therapy adherence, including compliance with prescribed home exercises and attendance at sessions. Participants (n = 4) with a range of …
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Ecological Momentary Intervention Targeting Body Checking Behaviors, Jamie Marie Smith
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Ecological Momentary Intervention Targeting Body Checking Behaviors, Jamie Marie Smith
MSU Graduate Theses
This study investigated the efficacy of an ecological momentary intervention (EMI) targeting body checking behaviors (weighing, mirror checking, and feeling the body for fat). Body checking has been shown to increase body dissatisfaction and play a role in eating disorders. A digitally based intervention delivered in individuals' naturalistic environments has not yet been explored in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to combine ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to capture body checking frequency and an EMI to target body checking. For the current study, 44 female undergraduates with high body checking levels and healthy weight participated in a …
Family Group Conference Experiences From The Perspective Of Volunteer Facilitators, Rebecca Ann Saunders
Family Group Conference Experiences From The Perspective Of Volunteer Facilitators, Rebecca Ann Saunders
MSU Graduate Theses
This study examined the experiences of volunteer Family Group Conference (FGC) facilitators for the purpose of understanding how they experience and manage their role in the FGC process. By focusing on the benefits and challenges of volunteer FGC facilitators, this research adds a new perspective to the limited literature on FGC facilitators. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 11 volunteer Family Group Conference facilitators in order to create a deeper understanding of these volunteers' experiences. The Ecosystems Perspective and Uncertainty Reduction Theory created a framework for understanding the complex role of the FGC facilitator and allowed for a more detailed …
Development Of The Transgender Attitudes And Knowledge Scale (Trans) And Evangelical Christians' Attitudes Toward Transgender, Yasuko Kanamori
Development Of The Transgender Attitudes And Knowledge Scale (Trans) And Evangelical Christians' Attitudes Toward Transgender, Yasuko Kanamori
MSU Graduate Theses
In recent years, issues surrounding transgender have gained more media and legal attention than ever before, contributing to rapidly shifting views on gender around the world. In the U.S., views of evangelical Christians on social issues are of particular interest because of the ways in which Christian thought has impacted the setting of various norms in this nation. Yet, to date, there are no known studies that have explored evangelical Christians' attitudes toward transgender persons. To address the shortcomings in the existing literature, the first phase of this study developed and validated a contextually relevant scale. A multi-phase creation and …
Setting The Table In 19th Century St. Louis: The Utility Of Glass Tableware Analysis In The Archaeology Of Domesticity And Consumerism, Grace Lynn Gronniger
Setting The Table In 19th Century St. Louis: The Utility Of Glass Tableware Analysis In The Archaeology Of Domesticity And Consumerism, Grace Lynn Gronniger
MSU Graduate Theses
The historical archaeology of domesticity and consumption relies heavily on the analysis of ceramic tableware artifacts. Few archaeologists have seriously incorporated analyses of glass tableware into this body of research, even though glass tableware was intensively marketed and is a common and durable domestic artifact class. My research addresses this problem through a study of glass tableware from Victorian Age (1830s – 1900s) residential sites in St. Louis, Missouri. This is done, in part, by adapting methods of historic ceramic artifact analysis to the analysis of historic glassware. Applying it in a historical archaeological study of household consumption in relation …
Effect Of Empathy Intervention On Perceptions And Beliefs About Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asia Rose Hulse
Effect Of Empathy Intervention On Perceptions And Beliefs About Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asia Rose Hulse
MSU Graduate Theses
Children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience stigma through acts of discrimination, bullying, and feelings of isolation and loneliness. Additional concerns of bearing the diagnosis include being treated differently by peers and an overall sense of feeling different than others. However, inclusive behavior and positive attitudes toward individuals with ASD can be facilitated through contact and interventions. This study sought to understand the impact of an empathic training video compared to an educational training video on college students' beliefs and knowledge about peers with this disorder. Results were significant for participants receiving the empathic training for higher scores …
Constructing The Political Identity Of Generation Next: A Focus Group Study, Ryan Graham
Constructing The Political Identity Of Generation Next: A Focus Group Study, Ryan Graham
MSU Graduate Theses
In the midst of an election season, research in the areas of politics and democratic engagement become increasingly important. Framed by concepts from social constructionism, this study used focus group interviews to better understand salient political values and citizenship norms among America's youth. Through personal experience and reflection, participants in this qualitative study were able to produce meaningful data from which one may draw general conclusions. The three major themes appeared as 1) socialization & development, 2) lack of faith, and 3) expanded notions of citizenship and engagement. Ultimately, results from this study suggested that America's youth have constructed a …