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- Black walnut (5)
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- Essential oils (3)
- Galleria mellonella (3)
- Grapevine vein clearing virus (3)
- Grazing (3)
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- Vitis riparia (3)
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- Epidemiology (2)
- F1 hybrids (2)
- GVCV (2)
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- Grass tetany ratio (2)
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Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Elemental Content In Grapevine Leaves, Jesse L. Krokower
Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Elemental Content In Grapevine Leaves, Jesse L. Krokower
MSU Graduate Theses
In grapevine, the influence of the plant’s elemental composition (the ionome) on fruit and wine quality is well established, but its genetic underpinnings have received limited scientific attention. In this study, I analyzed the leaf ionome of 131 interspecific F1 hybrid progeny plants from a cross between a Vitis rupestris Scheele (♀) and a Vitis riparia Michx (♂) parents, which were replicated in four different environments: Southwest Missouri, Central Missouri, South Dakota, and New York. I sampled leaves at three different times during the growing season at all four locations and had the concentration of 20 elements measured using ICP-MS. …
Distribution Patterns Of Allorhizobium Vitis In Missouri Vineyards And Non-Vineyard Soils, Jacquelyn M. Wray
Distribution Patterns Of Allorhizobium Vitis In Missouri Vineyards And Non-Vineyard Soils, Jacquelyn M. Wray
MSU Graduate Theses
Crown gall disease causes significant economic loss to the grape and wine industry. Preventive strategies are most effective for mitigating the loss of grapevines in vineyards, as there is no known cure for this disease. The bacterium Allorhizobium vitis carrying a tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid is the causative agent. A. vitis bacteria live systemically in the grapevine before causing visible symptoms and can survive in residual plant tissues and soil for more than two years. Diagnostic methods have been developed to detect A. vitis bacteria in grapevines and soil. However, more reliable, specific, and high-throughput diagnostics are still needed for screening …
Modeling Growth And Stress Factors For Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks, Bailee N. Suedmeyer
Modeling Growth And Stress Factors For Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks, Bailee N. Suedmeyer
MSU Graduate Theses
Silvopasture systems are becoming increasingly popular among sustainable agriculture ranchers, due to the increase in knowledge of benefits to the cattle and ability to grow cool season grasses beneath the canopy. This project focuses on the forest crop aspect of silvopasture systems from monitoring of the health of the trees over time to recommendations for thinning management to keep it functioning as viable silvopasture. The study site consists of five acres of upland hardwood forest area in Southern Missouri with 18 monumented fixed area plots. Arial and ground data was collected at each plot throughout the growing season, along with …
Morphological And Genetic Analysis Of The Root System In Two American Grapevines (Vitis Species), Parinaz Mohtasebi
Morphological And Genetic Analysis Of The Root System In Two American Grapevines (Vitis Species), Parinaz Mohtasebi
MSU Graduate Theses
The North American grapes species Vitis rupestris Scheele and Vitis riparia Michx have been the pillars of rootstock breeding for many decades. Though a large body of viticultural knowledge has been accumulated on their impact on grafted scions, the genetic basis of their root system architecture (RSA) has received limited scientific attention. In this study, I generated and analyzed adventitious root systems from dormant cuttings of 22 V. riparia and 19 V. rupestris accessions, as well as 162 interspecific F1 hybrid progeny from a cross between V. rupestris (♀) and V. riparia (♂). I photographed the roots and then extracted …
Propagation, Physiology And Biomass Of Giant Cane (Arundinaria Gigantea) For Conservation And Restoration, Sanjeev Sharm
Propagation, Physiology And Biomass Of Giant Cane (Arundinaria Gigantea) For Conservation And Restoration, Sanjeev Sharm
MSU Graduate Theses
Giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea) is a native species to 22 states in the U.S. The species and its ecosystem are considered critically endangered, and the species has been reduced to 2% of its original extent. The species has a long cultural and conservation history. Large canebrakes were commonly found in Missouri in bottomland forests, stream and riverbanks, and margins of lakes. My research goals were to: 1) examine methods for propagation success from field to greenhouse to field; 2) examine the physiology of cane at one of the few current canebrakes, for greenhouse propagated plants, and field planted …
Intraspecific Hybrid Identification Of Black Walnuts Via Marker Assisted Selection, Makenna B. Thompson
Intraspecific Hybrid Identification Of Black Walnuts Via Marker Assisted Selection, Makenna B. Thompson
MSU Graduate Theses
The improvement of Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) cultivars could increase market expansion. Improved cultivars with superior qualities would increase profitability for both the seller and the buyer. Agronomically and economically important traits such as heavier nut weight, disease resistance, tree structure integrity, and yearly nut production can be efficiently improved by breeding black walnuts via marker-assisted selection. Microsatellite/simple sequence repeat markers were used in this research to determine potential intraspecific hybrids between ‘Football’ and ‘Sparrow’ cultivars. Intraspecific is defined as of the same genus and species. This quality makes it more difficult to identify hybrids because the parent …
Natural Transmission Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus, Matthew Manu
Natural Transmission Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus, Matthew Manu
MSU Graduate Theses
More than 60 million tons of grapes are produced annually in the world, making them one of the most widely grown fruit crops. Despite grapes’ economic and health benefits, biotic stressors, such as viruses, cause significant loss to the grape and wine industry. One such virus is grapevine vein clearing virus (GVCV) which seriously threatens grape cultivation in the Midwest region of the United States. This virus has caused the removal of seven commercial vineyards since its discovery in 2004. About 34% of Ampelopsis cordata wild vines are infected with GVCV and serve as a primary inoculum for the spread …
Effects Of Lemongrass Essential Oil On Galleria Mellonella Hemocytes, Kyndra Chastain
Effects Of Lemongrass Essential Oil On Galleria Mellonella Hemocytes, Kyndra Chastain
MSU Graduate Theses
In modern agriculture, the use of pesticides is unavoidable. However, improper use has resulted in pest resistance and negative impacts on the environment and human health. Changes are needed in the agricultural industry to account for the damage already caused. Researchers have turned to essential oils as key ingredients for potential biopesticides, with some mixtures already on the market. Most studies involving essential oils and a pest’s response concentrate on mortality or interruptions in development during and between life stages. My study, however, focused on immune responses; specifically, lemongrass essential oil’s impact on Galleria mellonella. Such responses include a …
Largemouth Bass In The Upper Mississippi River: An Evaluation Of Management Strategies And Understanding Potential Factors Influencing Dynamic Rate Functions, Kylie Beth Sterling
Largemouth Bass In The Upper Mississippi River: An Evaluation Of Management Strategies And Understanding Potential Factors Influencing Dynamic Rate Functions, Kylie Beth Sterling
MSU Graduate Theses
The Upper Mississippi River (UMR) supports ecologically and economically important commercial and recreational fisheries. One recreational fishery in the UMR is the Largemouth Bass fishery. Recreational fisheries can be effectively managed using information on population dynamics, though little is known about Largemouth Bass population dynamics in large river ecosystems. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate recruitment, growth, and mortality of three Largemouth Bass populations in the UMR, specifically within Pools 4, 8, and 13, and 2) to use those estimates of recruitment, growth and mortality to inform exploitation models to evaluate best management practices for each …
Testing The Impact Of A Silencing Suppressor On Infectivity Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus Infectious Clone In Nicotiana Benthamiana, Wen Zhao
MSU Graduate Theses
Grapevine vein clearing virus (GVCV), the first DNA virus of the Badnavirus genus discovered in grapevines, is closely associated with grapevine vein-clearing disease. Through earlier research, Koch's postulates were partially met: GVCV was in all diseased plants; GVCV was introduced into a healthy grapevine through grafting and by aphids and caused the disease. However, more shreds of evidence are required to fulfill the last postulate, the same virus must be reisolated from the inoculated diseased grapevine (1). A full-length infectious clone of GVCV was previously constructed to provide evidence; however, its infectivity was not consistent. Therefore, the goal …
Analysis Of Root System Architecture And Qtl Identification In Grapevines, Sujan Thapa
Analysis Of Root System Architecture And Qtl Identification In Grapevines, Sujan Thapa
MSU Graduate Theses
The root system of the plant plays a vital role in water and nutrient uptake. Native North American grapevines adapted to a broad range of climatic and soil conditions, which led to the evolution of diverse root system architecture (RSA) within the Vitis genus. Despite the importance of RSA in viticulture, little is known about the genetic basis of the RSA in grapevine. I used novel root phenotyping tool, RhizoVision Analyzer to characterize the root system of 208 genotypes of an F1 grapevine progeny obtained from a cross between Vitis rupestris Scheele B38 and Vitis riparia Michx. HP-1. Dormant …
Garlic Curing: Post-Harvest Nutrient Remobilization From Leaves To Cloves, Mary L. Books
Garlic Curing: Post-Harvest Nutrient Remobilization From Leaves To Cloves, Mary L. Books
MSU Graduate Theses
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is grown on small and large scales worldwide. After harvesting, garlic undergoes a drying process for long-term preservation, called curing. Some producers cure with leaves intact, while others will remove and discard the leaves, curing only the bulbs. Due to the ability of plants to remobilize nutrients from leaves to underground storage organs, such as bulbs, the curing method of garlic may affect clove nutrient content. This study explores nutrient remobilization responses in garlic when cured with leaves intact compared to leaves separated from bulbs. Four cultivars of garlic, German White, Chesnok Red, Romanian Red, and …
Intercropping Grain Sorghum Into Established Rhizoma Peanut: Greenhouse And Field Studies, Erika Hm Cooperman
Intercropping Grain Sorghum Into Established Rhizoma Peanut: Greenhouse And Field Studies, Erika Hm Cooperman
MSU Graduate Theses
Land degradation and urbanization are among the top factors pushing the Kenyan Maasai community into an unstable future, with food insecurity and poverty amidst the most fragile components. Implementing conservation agricultural techniques into the Maasai nomadic lifestyle could potentially lead to a diversification of finances and food security. Intercropping is one technique of conservation agriculture that could provide the Maasai both. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of creating an intercropped environment between rhizoma peanut and grain sorghum. A greenhouse study was conducted from late 2020 to 2021 in an effort to investigate the effects …
Effects Of "Lemongrass Factor" On Galleria Mellonella Hemocytes, Jennifer C. Rice
Effects Of "Lemongrass Factor" On Galleria Mellonella Hemocytes, Jennifer C. Rice
MSU Graduate Theses
The use of conventional chemical insecticides to control agricultural pest has become problematic as they may have a negative impact towards human health and the environment, resulting in a need to research alternative methods to insect pest control. Plant derived substances like essential oils have been used for generations as toxicants, repellants, and anti-feedants to control agricultural pest. More research is needed to understand how insect immune systems react to essential oils and if cellular immune responses of phagocytosis, encapsulation, and nodulation can be inhibited by such. Subjecting Galleria mellonella to various concentrations of “lemongrass factor” lets the researcher/scientist know …
Identification Of Qtls For Berry Acids And Sugar In A Vitis Aestivalis-Derived 'Norton'-Based Population, Karlene Louise Negus
Identification Of Qtls For Berry Acids And Sugar In A Vitis Aestivalis-Derived 'Norton'-Based Population, Karlene Louise Negus
MSU Graduate Theses
Acidity and sugar content are among the grape berry quality traits that influence wine quality. Despite advantageous environmental tolerances of Vitis aestivalis-derived ‘Norton’, its acid and sugar concentrations often deviate from expectations set for V. vinifera. Identification of the genetic determinants of malic acid, tartaric acid, pH, and total soluble solids (TSS) can assist in the improvement of new hybrid cultivars. For this purpose, a ‘Norton’ and V. vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ hybrid mapping population containing 223 individuals was used to construct a linkage map containing 384 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 2084 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) …
Establishing Regenerative Pasture Systems Using Management Intensive Grazing In The Ozarks, Shelbi M. Mundy
Establishing Regenerative Pasture Systems Using Management Intensive Grazing In The Ozarks, Shelbi M. Mundy
MSU Graduate Theses
Soil carbon and soil health are important topics relating to how climate change is impacting agriculture, and how agriculture can in turn impact climate change. The agriculture industry, particularly beef production, has a large opportunity to use conservation agriculture techniques, such as rotational grazing, to offset some of the industry’s impact on carbon emissions, erosion, water pollution, and other environmental issues. This study is the beginning of a long-term project exploring regenerative pasture systems in the Ozarks. The project takes place in a rotational grazing system with 12 paddocks. The objectives of this study are to characterize soil types by …
Marker-Assisted Selection To Determine The Introgression Of Rpv-3 Mediated Downy Mildew Resistance In 'Chambourcin' X 'Caberenet Sauvignon' Grapevine Population, Kavya Sri Tummala
Marker-Assisted Selection To Determine The Introgression Of Rpv-3 Mediated Downy Mildew Resistance In 'Chambourcin' X 'Caberenet Sauvignon' Grapevine Population, Kavya Sri Tummala
MSU Graduate Theses
Downy mildew caused by the fungus, Plasmopara viticola in the grapes is one of the major diseases affecting crop yield throughout the world. Breeding grapes via conventional methods for the downy mildew resistance will take approximately 25-30 years to fully evaluate and release new cultivars. Because of the long breeding cycle in woody plant species like grape, developing DNA markers linked to genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for horticultural traits can greatly accelerate the breeding process and allow a much more accurate selection of progeny. This study aims to determine the presence of resistance in the 267 F1 genotypes …
Modeling The Growth And Establishment Of Plantation And Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks Region, Stewart James Mccollum
Modeling The Growth And Establishment Of Plantation And Converted Silvopasture Systems In The Missouri Ozarks Region, Stewart James Mccollum
MSU Graduate Theses
The Missouri Ozarks are well known for high production in both timber products and cattle production. Most areas are also not well suited for many other agricultural practices such as row cropping, so forests and grazing lands dominate the landscapes. Such characteristics provide high potential for the agroforestry practice known as silvopasture. This study monitors the establishment of two different types of silvopasture systems, plantation and conversion types. In the plantation silvopasture, two cultivars of black walnut (Juglans nigra) were planted, Football and Kwikrop. Health and growth were monitored for those cultivars over the first year. The converted …
Factors Affecting Irrigation Water Use In Southwest Missouri And Soil Microbial Response To Irrigation And Crop Residue, Shirley M. Dobbs
Factors Affecting Irrigation Water Use In Southwest Missouri And Soil Microbial Response To Irrigation And Crop Residue, Shirley M. Dobbs
MSU Graduate Theses
Sustainable use of water resources in Southwest Missouri requires a better understanding of factors that influence groundwater use by crop producers. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of weather patterns and edaphic factors on water used for agricultural irrigation. Groundwater withdrawal data from 14 high-use agricultural irrigation wells were monitored between 2009 and 2016 as part of the Southwest Missouri Irrigation Project. Stepwise and linear regression was used to assess the relationship of weather and edaphic factors in response to annual water use from each well. Precipitation volume, number of precipitation events, average maximum and minimum …
Observing Changes In Vegetable Production Through Alternative Agricultural Practices, Austin Grey Livingston
Observing Changes In Vegetable Production Through Alternative Agricultural Practices, Austin Grey Livingston
MSU Graduate Theses
Locally, responsibly grown produce is becoming more popular as consumers are shifting to organic products or those obtained at a local farmer’s market. The importance of soil health through conservation practices is increasing as the negative effects of industrial production are apparent. The over-application of synthetic fertilizers, soil erosion from wind and water, and nutrient leaching in high vegetable production areas has initiated a need for the investigation of alternative management practices. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of tillage and cover crops in the production of green beans and okra. In 2019 and 2020, …
The Effects Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles On The Growth And Development Of Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moenech, Adam Gregory Shoemaker
The Effects Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles On The Growth And Development Of Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moenech, Adam Gregory Shoemaker
MSU Graduate Theses
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have seen a drastic increase in their use over the past decade in various consumer products. ENPs will therefore enter terrestrial ecosystems and soils with increasing frequencies, yet research into the effects of ENPs on living organisms and crops is greatly lacking. Currently, there is only one major study reported on the effects of a single ENP, silver quantum dots, on Sorghum bicolor, the 5th largest crop in the world. I examined the effects of a commonly used metal oxide nanoparticle, titanium dioxide (TiO2), on the growth and development of sorghum grown in …
Optimal Calving Time For Beef Cows In Southwest Missouri, Briana Rose Verploeg
Optimal Calving Time For Beef Cows In Southwest Missouri, Briana Rose Verploeg
MSU Graduate Theses
The purpose of this study is to determine if a optimal time of year exists for beef producers to have cows give birth in southwest Missouri for maximal net returns from calf sales and increased cow reproductive performance. To make this determination, data were collected which included year-round forage nutritive value, calf pre-weaning growth, cow energy efficiency and reproductive performance, and income and cost values. Cow and calf field data were gathered for the 2014-2018 production years at Missouri State University’s Leo Journagan Ranch. Monthly forage samples were collected from study cow pastures from 2016 through 2018. Calf, cull cow, …
Prevalence, Genetic Relationships, And Quantity Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus In Aphis Illinoisenesis, Adam Louis Uhls
Prevalence, Genetic Relationships, And Quantity Of Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus In Aphis Illinoisenesis, Adam Louis Uhls
MSU Graduate Theses
Grapevine vein clearing virus (GVCV) is an emerging pathogen causing severe damage to cultivated grapevines in the Midwest area of the United States. The prevalence of GVCV has been reported in native Vitis spp. and Ampelopsis cordata, a close relative of vitis in the Vitaceae family, which act as a reservoir for the virus. GVCV can be transmitted from wild A. cordata to Vitis spp. by Aphis illinoisensis (grape aphids) under greenhouse conditions, but the prevalence and transmission in native populations remains unknown. Knowing the prevalence and diversity of GVCV variants in natural grape aphid populations would help monitor …
The Effects Of An Applied Phyllosphere-Microbiome On Gas Exchange And Growth Of Soybean Infected With Pseudomonas Syringae: Harnessing The Power Of The Microbiome, Charles Agbavor
MSU Graduate Theses
The microbiome is an important determinant of plant health, growth and resistance to stress. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of the phyllosphere-microbiome on managing Pseudomonas syringae pv. Glycinea (Psg), gas exchange and growth of Glycine max L. Merrill. A greenhouse study was conducted in the summer of 2019. A field isolated and cultured soybean phyllosphere-microbiome was applied to purposely infected and uninfected soybean. Gas exchange, Psg density, chlorophyll concentrations, and percent nitrogen and carbon in the leaves were measured during the V3-V6 stages of soybean. Not surprisingly, there was a two-fold reduction in copies of Pseudomonas …
Phenotypic Study Of Anthracnose Resistance In Black Walnut And Building A Mapping Population, Sadie D. Land
Phenotypic Study Of Anthracnose Resistance In Black Walnut And Building A Mapping Population, Sadie D. Land
MSU Graduate Theses
Black walnut anthracnose, caused by Gnomonia leptostyla, is the most widespread and destructive disease affecting black walnut trees (Juglans nigra). Breeding cultivars for a higher resistance to anthracnose is a natural and efficient strategy for improving the health and production quality of black walnut trees. The two goals of this study were to reveal that the ‘Sparrow’ cultivar of black walnut contains a significantly higher resistance to anthracnose than the ‘Football’ cultivar when separated from environmental factors, and to expand the ‘Football’ × ‘Sparrow’ F1 mapping population to evaluate how the trait of resistance is inherited in the progeny. A …
Investigating Dicamba Tolerance In Grapevine Cultivars Through Drift Simulation Assays, Bryce David Bentley
Investigating Dicamba Tolerance In Grapevine Cultivars Through Drift Simulation Assays, Bryce David Bentley
MSU Graduate Theses
Dicamba is a synthetic auxin herbicide which acts systematically and selectively controls broadleaf plants and has become increasingly popular in the past several years for weed control in commercial agriculture following widespread adoption of dicamba-resistant, transgenic soybean and cotton. Dicamba may be better acknowledged by growers of specialty crops, like grapes, for its capacity to drift miles away from the site of application and deposit on fields, remaining potent enough to cause crop damage and yield loss to vulnerable plants. Grapes are among the most susceptible agronomic crops to dicamba drift, showing visible injury at rates less than 1% of …
Pollinator Networks In Established Urban Prairies Compared To Rural Remnant Prairies, Amanda Lynn Coleman
Pollinator Networks In Established Urban Prairies Compared To Rural Remnant Prairies, Amanda Lynn Coleman
MSU Graduate Theses
Prairies support over 800 species of plants, insects, birds, fish, and mammals, even though only 1% of remnant prairies remain in the United States. Importantly, urban prairie “gardens/plots” are gaining popularity for their ecological services. However, it is not known to what extent these small urban prairies can sustain the plant-pollinator interactions that are vital to both the insects and the plants. The goal of my research was to examine plant/pollinator interactions in three urban prairies in southwest Missouri and compare them to rural prairies because rural prairies were predicted to have stronger plant/pollinator networks. Rural units were: Woods Prairie, …
Sequence Analysis Of The Ren1 Genomic Region From The Grapevine ‘Kishmish Vatkana’, Dani Joseph
Sequence Analysis Of The Ren1 Genomic Region From The Grapevine ‘Kishmish Vatkana’, Dani Joseph
MSU Graduate Theses
The REN1 region of the grapevine ‘Kishmish Vatkana’ was mapped as the locus that confers resistance to the economically important disease, grape powdery mildew. The purpose of this work was to extend the nucleotide sequence information of this region. By sequencing a heretofore unknown bacterial artificial chromosome clone, the sequence information of this region was extended by 46,890 nucleotides. Sequencing was performed using the third-generation sequencing method, named Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). In order to improve the accuracy of the sequence data, a modified ONT library preparation method was developed. ONT sequencing of a library prepared with the modified protocol …
Optimum Planting Dates For Garlic In Southwest Missouri, Esther A. Nelson
Optimum Planting Dates For Garlic In Southwest Missouri, Esther A. Nelson
MSU Graduate Theses
Garlic (Allium sativum) is one of the most widely used spices in the world. More research is needed to outline the best growing practices for garlic in Southwest Missouri. The study is designed to look the yield produced by four different fall planting and one spring date. Three varieties of garlic including Inchilium Red, German White and Elephant were planted on each date at two separate locations in Southwest Missouri for one year. The garlic was found to have highly diverse yields at both locations and when planting dates where compared. Elephant garlic produced the highest yield when …
Mapping A New Disease Resistance Locus In An F1 Progeny Derived From Two Grape Wild Relatives, Gaurab Bhattarai
Mapping A New Disease Resistance Locus In An F1 Progeny Derived From Two Grape Wild Relatives, Gaurab Bhattarai
MSU Graduate Theses
Linkage maps and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis have become essential tools for the positional cloning of agronomically important genes and for marker-assisted breeding. In this study, two North American grape species, Vitis rupestris and Vitis riparia, and their 294 F1 progeny were used to construct parental linkage maps and to perform QTL analysis for downy mildew resistance. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery was accomplished using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and resulted in 348,888 SNPs. Of these, 11,063 informative SNP markers (3.17% of the original SNP dataset) were derived after filtering for various quality parameters and missing data. A two-way …