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Effects Of Selected Herbicides On Perennial Grasses And Water Pollution Under Tropical, High Rainfall Condition, Richard L. Chase

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The following herbicides were evaluated for their effect on perennial grasses and water pollution in El Salvador, Central America: MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate), DSMA (disodium methanearsonate), cacodylic acid (hydroxydimethylarsine oxide), paraquat (1 ,1 'dimethyl- 4,4'-bipyridinium ion), dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), amitrole (3-amino-s-triazole), atrazine (2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)- s-triazine), diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea), and karbutilate (m-(3,3-dimethylureido)phenyl-t-butylcarbamate), The herbicides were sprayed on drainage channels at different dosage levels, Some plots received one application, others received two, and still others received three applications.

All herbicides except atrazine effectively controlled perennial grasses, Cacodylic acid was the most effective contact chemical, with dosage levels of 7 and 10 kg/ha achieving 77 percent …

The Relationship Between Matric Water And Related Physiological Properties, Hussain Ali Al-Saadi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Matric water was measured as the water retained by plant material on a pressure membrane or ultra filter after equilibration under 20 bars nitrogen gas pressure and the removal of free water. At increasing pressures lesser amounts of water are held by matric or colloidal surface forces. Twenty bars pressure, supplied by cylinder nitrogen for 48 hours, was used in this study. Matric water was expressed as a percent of either (a) the dry weight or (b) the original water content. Plant material was oven dried, ground, and then saturated with water prior to the determination.

The matric water values …

The Surface Movement Of A New S-Triazine Herbicide From Treated Cropland And Its Environmental Effects, Zeldon A. Nelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Six days following the application of 1.5 and 3.0 lb/A of 2- methoxy-4-sec.-butylamino-6-ethylamino-s-triazine (GS-14254) to established plots of alfalfa, water samples were collected at several distances from the plots and analyzed for herbicide residues with a Beckman DB-G grating spectrophotometer. The data indicate that GS-14254 is transported in small amounts but that the concentrations in the runoff water decline rapidly with increased distance from the treated areas and time.

S-14254 produced no visual injury symptoms of leaf chlorosis or plant stunting on alfalfa at the two rates used. However, some initial injury has been reported by other workers. …

Greenhouse Production And Marketing Of Petunia, W. Theron Hansen Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was performed during a three year period, 1969-1971. The first year the writer evaluated containers, soil mixtures, planting dates, fertilizers, and temperatures for optimum petunia production. The data collected aided in selecting the best greenhouse procedures for future studies. The second year three bedding plant varieties were used for further evaluate containers and soil mixtures using direct seeding and transplanting and watering continuously or watering as needed.

As a result of the first two year's studies, a liquid fertilizer (10-5-5), an average temperature of 75 F, Jiffy-7 peat pellets, plants not receiving continuous water program was used for …

Limitation Studies Of Seed Set In The Onion Allium Cepa L. (Liliaceae), Nizar Shukri Shasha'a

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two field experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, 13 variables were studied for 3 inbred groups as influenced by genetic differences, source of pollen, soil moisture, fertilizers, and size of bulbs. Path-coefficient analysis was made of various insect pollinators influencing seed yield in different inbreds, and of components of seed production in all inbreds together. In the second experiment, 4 variables were studied for one male-sterile inbred and one male-fertile inbred as influenced by soil moisture and fertilizers.

Genetic differences among inbreds were the most important source of variation in seed yields. This points out that a major …

Inorganic Mercury Uptake And Mercury Tolerance Demonstrated By Several Species Of Algae, Daniel S. Filip

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The inhibition by low concentrations of inorganic mercury has been established for several species of freshwater algae, and a method has been developed to determine mercury levels in algal cells, having good precision at levels as low as one hundred parts per billion.

Rapid sorption of inorganic mercury by glassware was minimized by using heavy algal cultures and short term incubations. The rates and extent of mercury uptake by three species of freshwater green algae were delineated under laboratory conditions. Replicate mercury containing cultures yielded slightly different mercury concentrations upon analysis due to analytical errors and glass sorption. Therefore, percent …

Xanthium Strumarium L.: Extraction And Assay Of Floral Promotive Principles And Additional Investigations Into Inhibition Of Flowering, David D. Gibby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

New techniques in extraction and assay of florigenic substances were tested. Initial response to the buffer-PVP extracts proved promising, but after several successful experiments, results could not be duplicated. Possible reasons for the failure are discussed.

A long-day inhibitory effect, demonstrated earlier by Gibby and Salisbury (25), was further investigated. Experiments with ¹⁴C-labled assimilates disproved the hypothesis that the inhibition is a result of assimilate translocation. Other experiments pointed to the probability of phytochrome involvement as well as protein synthesis as part of the inhibitory process. The nature of inhibition was ascribed to a localized inhibitory condition, probably a …

Plant Adaptation To Cold I. Chlorophyll Ii. Minerals, Peter Rosen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A number of montane herbs in northern Utah typically form flower buds beneath the snow cover and flower either through it or immediately after its recession. Two of these species, one naturally occurring, Claytonia lanceolata, and one cultivated bulb, Galanthus nivalis, were investigated for their response to this stress environment.

Snow depth patterns, chlorophyll content of tissues, and plants grown in light-tight boxes, suggest that light passing through the snow to reach plants growing underneath is not critically involved in the timing of their developmental cycles or in their ability to endure this low temperature environment.

Ability to endure stress …

Low Temperature Germination Of Tomato Seeds, Dawn M. Gatherum

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of inheritance of low temperature germination of tomato. This was accomplished by crossing a tomato (P.I. 341988) that germinates at a low temperature (10 C) with a commercial mechanical harvest cultivar (VF 145-B-7879). The parents, F₁, F_2, and F₃ progenies were tested for low temperature germination responses at 10 C for 15 days. The results show that a single recessive gene is responsible for the low temperature germination character.

Also, a study of the seed coat thickness of the tomatoes VF 145-B-7879 and P.I. 341988 was …

The Action Of Antibiotics And Antimetabolites On The Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection Process In Bean Leaves, Virendra Nayyar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The action of 28 antibiotics and antimetabolites at varying concentrations was studied in coincidence with the bioassay of tobacco mosaic virus on detached bean leaves by using an ultrasonic method of inoculation developed by Lamborn, Cochran and Chidester.¹ All tested chemicals were classified, in regard to the virus infection process, as inhibitory or stimulatory and their optimal concentrations in the inoculum were determined. Of the 28 antibiotics and antimetabolites studied, eight were found to stimulate while twenty inhibited TMV infection in bean leaves. From the results of these experiments, an attempt was made to characterize the nature of the …

Canopy Structure And Phenology Of Alpine Tundra Vegetation, Marcee Fareed

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An inclined point frame was used to measure leaf area indices in an alpine tundra Kobresia stand and Deschampsia meadow on Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Measurements were made throughout the summer of 1971 at various heights in the canopy and for each species in the two communities. Maximum leaf area indices of 2.2 and 2.0 occurred in the Kobresia and Deschampsia sites, respectively. The Kobresia site was characterized by a single dominant species, Kobresia myosuroides, and a predominance of vegetation within 2.5 cm of mean ground level. The Deschampsia site had no single dominant species. The region of maximum foliage …

Linkage And Inheritance Studies Involving An Annual Pollen Restorer And Other Genetic Characters In Beta Vulgaris L., Theron E. Roundy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A pollen-restorer sugarbeet inbred, developed by four generations of selection of highly fertile plants from a CMS X table beet cross, was studied to determine if a change from sterile to fertile cytoplasm had occurred. Data showed that the fertility expressed by the restorer inbred was the result of genetic factors and not cytoplasmic reversion. Linkage tests with the R^f gene showed independence of the YRB group, m and vi₄. A yellow-leaf mutant was inherited as a simple recessive factor. A partial pollen-restorer character, found in the yellow-leaf material, was inherited as a single dominant gene. The …

The Effects Of Dcpa And Trifluralin On Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Hapla Chitwood) Infection Of Selected Vegetables, Rulon Kent Romney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The interaction of herbicides and Northern root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) on onions and beans was studied in the greenhouse. Seeds of onions (Allium cepa L.) were planted in soil treated with different levels of dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA). Seeds of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were planted in soil treated with different levels of DCPA or α, α, α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin). Seedlings were inoculated with root-knot nematode larvae after 2 week's growth.

DCPA reduced root and shoot growth on onions but did not significantly affect bean growth. Trifluralin significantly reduced root and shoot …