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Everyday Problem-Solving Goals: Contributions Of Age And Individual Differences., Lisa Eileen Norris
Everyday Problem-Solving Goals: Contributions Of Age And Individual Differences., Lisa Eileen Norris
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of the present research was to examine the contribution of age and individual differences to everyday problem solving, focusing on goal preference. Three pilot studies were conducted to generate interpersonal problem solving goals that were high in emotional arousal and low in emotional arousal. In the Experiment Proper, 40 young and 40 older adults were given 6 vignettes depicting everyday problems. Subjects rated their preference of both high and low experimenter-provided goals. Subjects then completed 4 individual difference questionnaires that measured stimulation intensity, affect intensity, and emotional control. Results showed that both younger and older adults endorsed more …
Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Of Etiological Factors In Social Anxiety., Michele E. Mccarthy
Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Of Etiological Factors In Social Anxiety., Michele E. Mccarthy
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The current study investigated possible etiological risk factors in the development of social anxiety. The risk factors examined in this study were family environment, negative peer interactions, neuroticism, self-perceived attractiveness, public self-consciousness, social behavior goal/ability discrepancy, and fear of negative evaluation. These variables were hypothesized to have both direct and indirect influences on the development of social anxiety. A hypothesized risk factor model was tested employing structural equation modeling (SEM) using questionnaire data collected from 559 college undergraduates. Phases of this study included the refinement of constructs, examination of the internal consistency and discriminant validity of the constructs, examination of …
Experimental Analysis Of Aggression., Bethany Ann Marcus
Experimental Analysis Of Aggression., Bethany Ann Marcus
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
In 1982, Iwata, Dorsey, Slifer, Bauman, and Richman developed a systematic assessment method to identify the operant functions of self-injurious behavior. In this study, the Iwata et al., method was used to assess the operant functions of aggression displayed by children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. Although researchers have demonstrated that aggression serves operant functions, there has been no comprehensive analysis of aggression using the Iwata et al. method. Twelve children and adolescents participated. The experimental conditions from the Iwata et al. method were replicated (i.e., attention, instructional demand, play, no interaction); also, a tangible positive reinforcement condition was included …
Development And Implementation Of The Body Logic Program For Adolescents: A Primary Prevention Program For Eating Disorders., Paula Jonniece Varnado
Development And Implementation Of The Body Logic Program For Adolescents: A Primary Prevention Program For Eating Disorders., Paula Jonniece Varnado
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Eating disorder symptoms such as feelings of fatness, restrictive eating and purgative behaviors are observed in many children and adolescents. These feelings and behaviors, may, in some adolescents lead to the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. A recent series of studies has identified risk factors for the development of eating disorder behaviors in children and adolescents. These risk factors include overconcern with physical appearance, negative evaluation of physical appearance, social pressure for thinness, higher weight level, depression, and body dysphoria. It has been hypothesized that targeting adolescents who are at risk for developing an eating disorder may result …
Self-Mutilation In A Community Sample Of Adolescents., Elizabeth Eden Lloyd
Self-Mutilation In A Community Sample Of Adolescents., Elizabeth Eden Lloyd
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of this study was to examine the provisional prevalence rates and characteristics of self-mutilative behavior in a community sample of adolescents. A total of 368 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 19 participated in this investigation. Thirty-nine percent of high school students sampled (n = 143) engaged in self-mutilation within the past year. Commonly endorsed behaviors were biting self, hitting self on purpose, and cutting/carving skin. Self-mutilators were likely to engage in these behaviors to reduce internal tension, as well as to gain attention. Self-mutilators were compared with non-mutilating adolescents (n = 225) on self-report measures of …
Relationship Of Self-Injurious Behavior And Aggression To Social Skills In Persons With Severe And Profound Mental Retardation., Dee Duncan
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
In the literature, self-injurious behavior and aggression are often lumped together collectively as maladaptive behaviors. This study examined the social skills characteristics between persons with self-injurious behavior, aggression and a control group using the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills in Persons with Severe and Profound Retardation (MESSIER). Persons engaging in self-injurious behavior were significantly different from persons engaging in aggression as well as from the control group on five of the six subscales. The self-injury group had lower scores on subscales measuring positive behaviors and higher scores on subscales measuring negative behaviors. As expected for persons engaging in aggression, scores …
Examination Of Behavior Problems In Hiv-Infected Toddlers: The Role Of Maternal Factors., Jennifer L. Hoover
Examination Of Behavior Problems In Hiv-Infected Toddlers: The Role Of Maternal Factors., Jennifer L. Hoover
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study investigated the frequency and intensity of behavior problems exhibited by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected toddlers ages 16 to 40 months by comparing them to HIV-exposed toddlers, toddlers at risk for development delays, and healthy toddlers. The role of maternal factors, such as depression, insularity, and stress, in behavior ratings also was considered. Mothers completed a set of questionnaires and the toddlers' developmental status was assessed by a member of the research team. It was hypothesized that HIV-infected children would demonstrate a higher frequency and intensity of behavior problems than children in the three equivalent control groups. With …
An Integration Of Biographical Data And Personality Research Through Sherwood Forest Empiricism: Robbing From Personality To Give To Biodata., Bruce W. Davis
An Integration Of Biographical Data And Personality Research Through Sherwood Forest Empiricism: Robbing From Personality To Give To Biodata., Bruce W. Davis
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Archival data was used to assess the effectiveness of incorporating biodata scoring into extant personality measures. Personality and biodata theories were briefly reviewed and several commonalities were noted. Hypotheses were developed for Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Openness to Experience. The first three dimensions were expected to predict absenteeism and all four were expected to predict turnover, and empirical scoring was expected to increase predictive validity. Data were collected from three samples (school bus drivers, bus drivers, and law enforcement) and three different personality measures were scored using England's (1971) vertical percent method. Results showed that two of the three …
The Role Of Binge Eating Disorder In The Estimation Of Food Intake Of Obese Individuals., Drew Arthur Anderson
The Role Of Binge Eating Disorder In The Estimation Of Food Intake Of Obese Individuals., Drew Arthur Anderson
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) share some characteristics with persons with bulimia nervosa (BN) and some characteristics of obese persons who do not have problems with binge eating. Previous studies have found that while nonbinging individuals underestimate caloric intake, patients with BN overestimate caloric intake when intake is large. The present study hypothesized that because persons with BED binge eat, they would also overestimate caloric intake. A total of 56 women (9 with BED, 23 obese nonbingers, and 24 normal weight nonbingers) estimated several portion sizes of ice cream and then ate a test meal of ice cream and …
An Integrated Model Predicting Smoking Stage Of Change Among A Sample Of Government-Insured And Indigent Medical Patients., Edwin Daniel Boudreaux
An Integrated Model Predicting Smoking Stage Of Change Among A Sample Of Government-Insured And Indigent Medical Patients., Edwin Daniel Boudreaux
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study found that an integrated model using variables from several psychosocial theories, including the theory of planned behavior, decisional balance theory, and self-efficacy theory, was successful in predicting smoking stage of change. Specifically, ever smokers with higher self-efficacy, higher ratings of the cons of smoking, and lower ratings of the pros were more ready to quit or had already quit. Additionally, those who rated smoking as less tempting and who reported having people in their support system who were supportive of their cessation were in later stages of change. These results point to the importance of assessing cognitions towards …
Predictors Of Nonadherence Among Hiv-Infected Outpatients: Psychosocial And Medical Care Factors Associated With Appointment Attendance., Sheryl L. Catz
Predictors Of Nonadherence Among Hiv-Infected Outpatients: Psychosocial And Medical Care Factors Associated With Appointment Attendance., Sheryl L. Catz
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Nonadherence to medical regimens is a critical behavioral threat to the health of HIV-infected individuals. Patients cannot benefit from increasingly efficacious treatments for HIV/AIDs unless they adhere to them. Consistent medical care plays a central role in prolonging life and enhancing quality of life for these individuals. It is therefore essential to understand why many patients do not return reliably for medical services. However, little research has focused on the development of empirically based models of HIV-related nonadherence. Thus, the primary purpose of the present study was to identify factors predictive of HIV-related nonadherence to medical appointments. Demographic, medical care, …
The Screen For Adolescent Violence Exposure (Save): Development And Validation., Teresa L. Hastings
The Screen For Adolescent Violence Exposure (Save): Development And Validation., Teresa L. Hastings
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Increased interest in how violence exposure might relate to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other adolescent psychopathology has created considerable demand for an assessment tool to assist in this research effort. Though attempts have been made to improve the measurement standards for violence research on youth, available instruments lack adequate psychometric qualities, comprehensiveness, or an acceptable format for slow readers. The present study provided empirical evidence on the utility of the Screen for Adolescent Violence Exposure (SAVE), an instrument designed to both correct the deficiencies of previous measures and to assess violence exposure for school, home, and neighborhood settings. The …
Predictors Of Postconcussion Symptomatology In A Mild Head Injury College Population., Laurie M. Ryan
Predictors Of Postconcussion Symptomatology In A Mild Head Injury College Population., Laurie M. Ryan
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Mild head injury is the most common form of head injury and the majority of individuals who sustain such injuries are young adults. Following mild head injury, individuals often complain of a number of physical, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms referred to as postconcussion symptoms (PCS). The most commonly reported postconcussion symptoms are headache, dizziness, decreased concentration, memory problems, irritability, fatigue, visual disturbances, sensitivity to noise, judgement problems, and anxiety. These symptoms can persist from months to years following injury and may even be permanent and cause disability (Brown, Fann, & Grant, 1994; Gouvier, Cubic, Jones, Brantley, and Cutlip, 1992). Both …
Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Eating Behavior And Exercise., Cheryl Funsch Smith
Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Eating Behavior And Exercise., Cheryl Funsch Smith
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The specific aim of the current investigation was to develop and validate a multidimensional self-report inventory of a wide range of eating behaviors and weight control practices including overeating, emotional eating, and exercise to be used with overweight and obese populations for evaluation and treatment purposes. Based on recent research findings concerning dieting strategies, factors evaluating healthy versus unhealthy weight control practices were expected to emerge from factor analysis of the original item pool of 131 items. However, these specific factors were not found. Instead, the factor analytic study found the Multidimensional Measure of Eating Behavior and Exercise (MMEBE) to …
The Development Of Behavioral And Emotional Self-Regulation During The Preschool Period., Maria D. Kalpidou
The Development Of Behavioral And Emotional Self-Regulation During The Preschool Period., Maria D. Kalpidou
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The study investigates age-related changes in behavioral and emotional self-regulation during the preschool period and the relationship between them. Behavioral self-regulation was measured by compliance without external monitors. Emotional self-regulation was measured by the expressed control of emotions and coping strategies. Eighty-eight preschoolers (45 5-year-olds; 43 3-year-olds) participated in a compliance-delay task. They were left alone for 10 min (self-regulated compliance) to sort cutlery in the presence of toys. The demand for emotional self-regulation was manipulated by hiding (low demand) or exposing (high demand) the toys. Children experienced both sessions. All procedures were video-taped. The expressed emotional comfort during the …
Toward Prescriptive Alternatives To Secondary School Suspensions: Risk Analysis Using An Epidemiologic Approach., Cynthia P. Morgan-D'Atrio
Toward Prescriptive Alternatives To Secondary School Suspensions: Risk Analysis Using An Epidemiologic Approach., Cynthia P. Morgan-D'Atrio
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Data were collected from a large urban high school in order to investigate the characteristics of students who get suspended. Descriptive, epidemiologic analyses, and multivariate statistical analyses were used to investigate which, if any of several screening variables were most likely to predict secondary school suspensions for 9th grade students. Because multivariate statistics may be tedious for many to interpret, epidemiologic analyses were used in order to more easily disseminate study findings to readers and those within the school setting. For males, statistics were calculated for three groups of students: (1) males having more than one 9th grade suspension, (2) …
The Role Of Anxiety In Neuropsychological Dysfunction In Early Hiv Disease., Joseph Gerald Prejean Jr
The Role Of Anxiety In Neuropsychological Dysfunction In Early Hiv Disease., Joseph Gerald Prejean Jr
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The literature on neuropsychological functioning in patients with asymptomatic HIV disease is widely discrepant with prominent researchers on either side of the debate about whether or not early HIV infection is associated with neuropsychological deficits. Many theories have been put forth to account for these varied results, including inadequate study design, lack of measures sensitive enough to detect differences, and pooling of test scores across individuals that do have deficits, but not necessarily in the same areas. The present investigation was designed to examine the role of anxiety as a possible confounding variable that could account for differences across HIV …
Fathers As Intervention Agents: Parent Training With Fathers Of Children With Developmental Disabilities., Deirdre West Russell
Fathers As Intervention Agents: Parent Training With Fathers Of Children With Developmental Disabilities., Deirdre West Russell
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Previous research on parent training with children who have developmental disabilities has typically failed to include fathers. Compared to research on mothers of children with disabilities and fathers of normally developing children, little is known about fathers of children who have disabilities. In the present study, effects of behavioral parent training on fathers' parenting behaviors (instruction giving, positive attention, and correct consequences) were evaluated. The experimenter trained four fathers of children with developmental delays in the home using written handouts, verbal instructions, modeling, and performance feedback. Training was directed at increasing correct use of fathers' instruction giving, positive attention following …
The Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Information Processing, New Learning, And Memory In Mildly Head-Injured Subjects With Post-Concussion Symptoms., Brian Betz
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Subjects who had sustained a mild head injury (MHI) and uninjured control subjects were examined before and after 36 hours of sleep deprivation. MHI subjects and uninjured controls were selected from among individuals who scored above the 50$\rm\sp{th}$ percentile on the Postconcussion Syndrome Checklist (PCSC), a measure designed to assess the frequency, intensity and duration of postconcussion symptoms. Sixty subjects were divided into four groups: Head injured/sleep deprived, head injured/non-sleep deprived, uninjured/sleep deprived, and uninjured/non-sleep deprived. Performance was compared among the groups on the Selective Reminding Test (SRT) and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), which are designed to …