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The Effect Of Prime Word Processing On The Semantic Priming Effect., Satomi Imai
The Effect Of Prime Word Processing On The Semantic Priming Effect., Satomi Imai
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
In three experiments the effect of ease of prime word access on semantic priming was investigated. Ease of prime access was manipulated by prime word frequency, by prime degradation, and by prime repetition. Primes accessed faster (high frequency prime words, repeated primes) should produce larger priming than those accessed more slowly (low frequency prime words, degraded prime words). The time course of priming was also examined by comparing a 150 ms SOA to a 500 ms. The results partially supported the hypothesis. There was a prime word frequency effect on priming in both short and long SOA conditions. High frequency …
Effects Of The High -Probability Sequence With And Without Extinction In Children With Feeding Disorders., Jennifer Eileen Dawson
Effects Of The High -Probability Sequence With And Without Extinction In Children With Feeding Disorders., Jennifer Eileen Dawson
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The effects of the high-probability instructional sequence, with and without extinction, on increasing compliance to eat in three children with severe food refusal and selectivity were evaluated. Pediatric feeding disorders, in which children refuse most or all food and drink, are a rare and life threatening problem that requires intensive treatment. The majority of behavioral techniques used with feeding disordered children manipulate the consequence of food refusal. The use of antecedent procedures in the treatment of food refusal has been limited. One antecedent technique, the high-probability instructional sequence, involves first presenting the individual with a series of instructions that he/she …
Variables Related To Sexual Aggression In Male College Students., Laura Anne Estupinan-Kane
Variables Related To Sexual Aggression In Male College Students., Laura Anne Estupinan-Kane
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Using the Pathfinder computer algorithm comparisons were made of participants' knowledge organization of sexual, sexually aggressive, and aggressive concepts. Three hundred and fifty-two heterosexual males (81 admitting a past history and future likelihood of sexual aggressive/coercive behavior; 111 admitting a past history of engaging in sexual aggression; 88 admitting no past history of or future likelihood of engaging in sexual aggression) rated all possible pairwise combinations of 18 words relevant to sex, aggression, sexual aggression, and emotion. Analyses of the dependent variable, number of links, failed to support predicted differences as a function of level of sexual aggression in the …
A Treatment-Based Reading Assessment., Gary Joseph Duhon Jr
A Treatment-Based Reading Assessment., Gary Joseph Duhon Jr
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Each year a large number of students are identified as having problems in reading. The methodology for the identification of reading problems has been established and in practice for several years, however, the tools necessary for the identification of remediation procedures appropriate for the individual student lack this level of refinement. This study is an attempt at refining current assessment practices for the purpose of identifying remediation procedures that are effective on the level of the individual student. A conceptual model of learning (instructional hierarchy) was combined with a treatment based functional assessment methodology, resulting in a behavior analytic approach …
Neuropsychological Effects Of Acute Mustard Gas Exposure., James Bryon Pinkston
Neuropsychological Effects Of Acute Mustard Gas Exposure., James Bryon Pinkston
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Introduction. Approximately 600 industrial workers reported exposure to sub-lethal levels of sulfur mustard gas and nitrogen mustard gas. A sample of 203 of these workers were administered standardized measures of perceptual, motor, intellectual, academic, attentional, memory, abstract reasoning, and psychological functioning, as well as level of effort during testing. Mean time from exposure to testing was 1.18(SD = .35) years. Males comprised 97.5% of the participants and 79.3% were Caucasian. Mean education was 11.67(SD = 1.73) years and mean age at exposure was 36.74( SD = 10.31) years. Method. Mustard gas exposure severity was defined by the presence of obvious …
The Effect Of Psychotropic Medications On Social Skills In Persons With Profound Mental Retardation., Jerald Wayne Bamburg Jr
The Effect Of Psychotropic Medications On Social Skills In Persons With Profound Mental Retardation., Jerald Wayne Bamburg Jr
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
People with mental retardation exhibit a large number of behavioral excesses and deficits and the full range of psychopathology. As a result, interventions involving psychotropic medications are widely used in the population. However, few conducted studies have examined the effect of psychotropic interventions on the total behavioral repertoire. Most studies examine only the suppression of symptoms or maladaptive behaviors without considering the manner in which medications may alter the positive behavioral repertoire or cause deleterious side effects. This study aimed to address medication effects on the positive behavioral spectrum by examining the effects of these interventions on social skills, adaptive …
Treatment Outcome Of Childhood Obesity: The Effect Of Children's Psychological Distress And Problematic Behavior., Tana Louise Hope
Treatment Outcome Of Childhood Obesity: The Effect Of Children's Psychological Distress And Problematic Behavior., Tana Louise Hope
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The number of children and adolescents effected by obesity has been increasing over the past 30 years. Current treatment of childhood obesity focuses primarily on increasing physical activity, modifying diet, providing nutritional education and teaching self-monitoring and stimulus control procedures. Although children have been shown to lose weight by participating in these treatment programs, the amount of weight children lose during treatment is often small, and long-term maintenance of weightloss continues to be challenging for many. Given the relatively weak outcome of childhood obesity treatment programs, research into factors that effect treatment outcome is needed. Psychological distress and problematic behavior …
Parenting Practices As A Moderator Of Exposure To Community Violence., Nicole Francingues Lanclos
Parenting Practices As A Moderator Of Exposure To Community Violence., Nicole Francingues Lanclos
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Numerous studies evidence that urban youth are exposed to epidemic proportions of community violence. Exposure to community violence has been associated with significant levels of distress including aggression, academic difficulties, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Although it is clear that children who experience chronic levels of violence exposure are at increased risk for poor developmental outcome, the consequences of exposure are not the same for all children. Parenting factors found to buffer the effects of community violence exposure include family size, parental presence in the home, family support, parenting resources, family cohesion, and strong parental monitoring. It is less …
Predicting Short -Term Violence Among Forensic Inpatients., Mac Marcantel Martin
Predicting Short -Term Violence Among Forensic Inpatients., Mac Marcantel Martin
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Legal reforms initiated in 1975 led to an increasing reliance upon mental health professionals to make predictions concerning violent behavior among the mentally ill, giving way to a series of violence prediction studies. However, these studies were noted to have major limitations, including unacceptably low rates of correct classification, high rates of misclassification, use of static, unavailable, or impractical predictors, and failure to cross-validate findings. Further, the bulk of these studies focused on predicting post-hospitalization violence, as opposed to inpatient violence, which can have important ramifications in treatment settings. The current study therefore examined the ability of forensic patients' current …
Examination Of A Method For Increasing Adjustment To And Compliance With Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (Cpap) In Persons With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome., Jack Allen Johnson Jr
Examination Of A Method For Increasing Adjustment To And Compliance With Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (Cpap) In Persons With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome., Jack Allen Johnson Jr
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a serious medical condition that occurs during sleep and consists of episodes of complete (respiratory pauses) or partial obstruction (hypoventilation) of the upper airway. Approximately 80% of persons diagnosed with OSAS are prescribed nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment, which has proven to be the treatment of choice for OSAS. However, noncompliance with CPAP treatment in OSAS patients is a widely recognized problem, and many persons refuse CPAP as a treatment option or fail to use it reliably. Investigations of CPAP use in OSAS patients have generally found that nightly use averages less …
Social Support And The Prevalence Of Depressive And Anxiety Disorders In Low -Income Adults With Type 2 Diabetes And Other Chronic Illnesses., Janet Leigh Thomas
Social Support And The Prevalence Of Depressive And Anxiety Disorders In Low -Income Adults With Type 2 Diabetes And Other Chronic Illnesses., Janet Leigh Thomas
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study used a cross-sectional design to answer the following questions: (a) what is the prevalence of DSM-IV depressive and anxiety disorders in a population of low-income primary care patients with type 2 DM, and does a diagnosis of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) contribute to an increased prevalence of affective disorders above the rate identified in other chronic illness groups and those suffering from no medical diagnoses, (b) does perceived social support, as measured by the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL) have a direct and/or buffering effect on the association between chronic disease and affective disorder diagnoses, and …
Effects Of Bilingualism On Cognitive Processing In Adults., Christy J. Witt
Effects Of Bilingualism On Cognitive Processing In Adults., Christy J. Witt
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The primary objective of this dissertation was to empirically test the implications of the code-switching hypothesis (Peal & Lambert, 1962) for nonlinguistic cognitive abilities in bilingual adults. It was hypothesized that bilinguals, by virtue of their ability to switching between two linguistic systems, may enjoy cognitive advantages in the nonlinguistic domain for tasks that require abilities related to language switching. It was postulated that the underlying mechanisms of code switching are the bilingual's abilities to inhibit the processing of irrelevant information and activate previously suppressed information. To determine if a bilingual advantage exists for these abilities, bilingual and monolingual adults …
It Rarely Occurs: Mock Juror Reactions To A Physician's Defense In A Lack Of Informed Consent Case., Douglas J. Zickafoose
It Rarely Occurs: Mock Juror Reactions To A Physician's Defense In A Lack Of Informed Consent Case., Douglas J. Zickafoose
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Three experiments examine how expressions of probability concerning why a risk involved in a medical procedure was not disclosed influence mock juror decisions (e.g., liability, culpability, and damage awards). Across all three experiments, no differences were found in mock juror judgments of liability due to the probability expression used, be it verbal, quantitative, percentage, or frequency. Furthermore, differences in mean damage awards were only found when psychological uncertainty was manipulated using a frequency expression. However, an examination of the median damage awards suggests that some expressions of probability are likely to result in higher damage awards than others. Thus, while …
Psychosocial Correlates Of Eating Disorder Symptoms In A Young, Black, Female Sample., Nancy Lee Zucker
Psychosocial Correlates Of Eating Disorder Symptoms In A Young, Black, Female Sample., Nancy Lee Zucker
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present investigation examined the psychosocial correlates of eating disorder symptoms among a young sample of Black female adolescents. Recent epidemiological investigations have documented higher rates of disordered eating in Black females than had previously been reported. Because of the high prevalence of these symptoms both in majority and in minority populations, many eating disorder researchers are promoting preventive strategies to stem further increases in symptom levels. To this end, several longitudinal investigations have been conducted to delineate the risk factors of disordered eating among White adolescent populations. However, Black adolescents have been minimally represented in these samples. Thus, there …
The Remote Neuropsychological Assessment -Category Test: Development And Validation Of A Computerized, Internet -Based Neuropsychological Assessment Measure., Jeffrey Nicholas Browndyke
The Remote Neuropsychological Assessment -Category Test: Development And Validation Of A Computerized, Internet -Based Neuropsychological Assessment Measure., Jeffrey Nicholas Browndyke
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
In the current investigation, a prototype for the remote assessment of cognitive skills, the "remote neuropsychological assessment (RNA) model," was proposed, and the development and validation of a computerized, Internet-based neuropsychological assessment measure was undertaken to demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of this untapped model of assessment delivery. The Remote Neuropsychological Assessment-Category Test (RNA-CT), a test of abstract concept formation administered via the World Wide Web (WWW), was developed and contrasted with a conventional, non-computerized version of the measure---the Booklet Category Test (BCT). Traditional and novel measurement variables from both measures were compared in a randomized group design of normal …
Behavioral Outcome Of Preschoolers Exposed Prenatally To Cocaine: The Role Of The Caregiving Environment., Veronica L. Haynes
Behavioral Outcome Of Preschoolers Exposed Prenatally To Cocaine: The Role Of The Caregiving Environment., Veronica L. Haynes
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study evaluated the long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on child behavioral outcome at age 5 years, while considering the influence of the postnatal caregiving environment indicated by maternal drug use, maternal psychological functioning, and parenting quality. Behavioral outcome was measured by parent-reported behavior problems on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Subjects were 210 preschoolers (107 cocaine-exposed and 103 nondrug-exposed) and their biological mothers drawn from a larger cohort of mother-child pairs enrolled at birth in a longitudinal study evaluating the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children prenatally exposed to cocaine. The relationships among prenatal cocaine exposure, maternal adaptation (i.e., maternal …
Using A Behavioral Economic Assessment To Evaluate Stimulus Preferences And To Predict Treatment Outcomes For Aberrant Behavior., Henry Stanley Roane
Using A Behavioral Economic Assessment To Evaluate Stimulus Preferences And To Predict Treatment Outcomes For Aberrant Behavior., Henry Stanley Roane
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Problem behavior (e.g., self-injury, aggression, and disruption) may impede the development of many individuals with disabilities. These behaviors may occur for many reasons (Iwata et al., 1994). Most problem behaviors are controlled by social stimuli; however, for some individuals, problem behavior occurs independent of the social environment (i.e., by automatic reinforcement). That is, an individual may engage in these behaviors regardless of what is occurring around them. Presumably the behavior persists because the behavior produces (or alleviates) some type of stimulation. As such, the reinforcer for the behavior can not be controlled directly, making behaviors maintained by automatic reinforcement difficult …
The Relationship Of Daily Stress And Health In Adolescents: Development Of The Daily Stress Inventory For Adolescents (Dsi -A)., John Michael Huete
The Relationship Of Daily Stress And Health In Adolescents: Development Of The Daily Stress Inventory For Adolescents (Dsi -A)., John Michael Huete
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Daily stress has been documented to play a significant role in symptom exacerbation of chronic illnesses in adults, such as coronary heart disease, asthma, diabetes, and chronic headaches. Mediating daily stress may be effective in not only decreasing problem symptoms in chronic illness, but also decreasing unnecessary and costly primary and tertiary health care services. While the effects of daily stress have been well researched and documented with adult populations, adolescent populations have been afforded only minimal research attention. Given that the period of adolescence is a time when persons are first experiencing the stresses of adult life, understanding the …
The Role Of Major And Minor Stressors In Moderating The Transtheoretical Model Of Exercise Behavior Among Predominantly Low -Income Patients Attending Primary Care Clinics., Shawn Kahlil Jeffries
The Role Of Major And Minor Stressors In Moderating The Transtheoretical Model Of Exercise Behavior Among Predominantly Low -Income Patients Attending Primary Care Clinics., Shawn Kahlil Jeffries
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
A sedentary lifestyle is prevalent in the United States and is associated with poor health outcomes (Blair et al., 1989). While regular exercise has been shown to have numerous physical and mental health benefits, much of the population does not perform physical activity at a level necessary to achieve significant health benefits. Primary care settings have become increasingly targeted areas for physician-based exercise counseling. One popular theoretical model of exercise adoption is the transtheoretical model of exercise behavior (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) which proposes that individuals progress through stages of exercise behavior. Researchers have explored constructs affecting movement through the …
Validation Of A Screening Instrument For Exposure To Violence In Children: The Kid -Save., Anise Lavaun Flowers
Validation Of A Screening Instrument For Exposure To Violence In Children: The Kid -Save., Anise Lavaun Flowers
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Children in the United States have an increasing rate of exposure to chronic community violence. Research on children exposed to community, domestic, and war-related violence has demonstrated the traumatic effects of violence on children. The KID-SAVE was developed as an empirically-based self-report measure of violence exposure for children in grades three through seven. During an initial development study, the KID-SAVE demonstrated excellent reliability and preliminary construct validity data. The purpose of the present study was to provide further validity data on the KID-SAVE. A sample of 188 children (96 boys and 92 girls) and their parents participated in the study. …
Coping Strategies And Effectiveness Among Low -Income, Primary Care Patients With Anxiety Disorders., Daniel J. Mehan Jr
Coping Strategies And Effectiveness Among Low -Income, Primary Care Patients With Anxiety Disorders., Daniel J. Mehan Jr
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study examined the patterns and effectiveness of coping strategies utilized by individuals in a low-income, primary care environment. Documented relationships among coping strategies and the characteristics of this population suggest that the population should be marked by high levels of emotion-focused coping and low levels of problem-focused coping relative to the normal population. Descriptive statistics confirmed high levels of emotion-focused coping but failed to demonstrate low levels of problem-focused coping within the study sample. The influence of control (actual and perceived) on the patterns and effectiveness of coping strategies was also studied. Regression analyses indicated that, in the low-control …
The Debiasing Of Judgmental Errors Associated With Anxiety., Bret Gavin Bentz
The Debiasing Of Judgmental Errors Associated With Anxiety., Bret Gavin Bentz
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
It was the goal of the current study to investigate one debiasing technique and its ability to reduce judgmental errors. In addition, a rival hypothesis of demand characteristics was examined as a possible explanation of any findings of the reduction of judgmental errors. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or a debiasing group and asked to rate the likelihood of several hypothetical events in a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 (Gender x Anxiety Group x Treatment Group x Repeated Measure) repeated measures experimental design. Level of anxiety responsiveness was measured to arrange subjects into a …
Traumatic Life Events, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, And Health Outcomes In A Low -Income, Primary Care Population., Bradford West Applegate
Traumatic Life Events, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, And Health Outcomes In A Low -Income, Primary Care Population., Bradford West Applegate
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Research suggests that individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have significant dysregulation in a number of physiological indices, especially the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Biological theories of PTSD propose that prolonged SNS and HPA axis dysregulation places individuals with PTSD at risk for development of medical morbidity and impairments in health status. The present study examined the following research questions: (a) what is the prevalence of traumatic life events and PTSD in a low-income primary care population? (b) does PTSD predict impairments in self-reported health status after controlling for age, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, and obesity? …
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Avoidance Of Responsibility: An Evaluation Of Parents' Attributions And Their Relation To Treatment Acceptability., Urdur Njardvik
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The study examined attributions of responsibility, stability, and controllability of parents of children with or without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The relationship between attributions and acceptability of commonly used behavioral treatments also was examined. Participants were recruited from a hospital based outpatient clinic that mainly serves indigent families. The sample consisted of 50 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD and 50 parents of children without the diagnosis, who served as a comparison group. Assessment measures included an adapted version of the Powell Avoidance of Responsibility Scale (Powell & Rosen, 1999), the Conner's Parent Rating Scale (Conners, 1997), and the …
Development Of An Instrument For Predicting Success Of Persons In Real Estate Sales Careers., Carmel O. Streater
Development Of An Instrument For Predicting Success Of Persons In Real Estate Sales Careers., Carmel O. Streater
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of this research was to develop a biodata instrument that would validly predict individuals with zero or non-zero sales production in real estate sales careers. Correlational and factorial procedures were used to develop keys for the biodata instrument. A logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the ability of the instrument to correctly predict the dichotomous forms of the dependent variables. Follow-up data on sales production was gathered at three and six months after the biodata instrument was administered. Subjects were real estate salespersons enrolled in entrylevel training classes across the country. Dependent variables in this study were …
The Effect Of Antecedent And Consequent Strategies On Increasing Student Homework Compliance And Academic Achievement., Donna Marie Gilbertson
The Effect Of Antecedent And Consequent Strategies On Increasing Student Homework Compliance And Academic Achievement., Donna Marie Gilbertson
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The primary purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of homework and alternatives to homework on student math completion, accuracy and fluency for low socioeconomic students. To examine possible causes of homework problems as well as the effect of different treatments on math fluency, this study used an idiographic protocol to systematically examine the effects of antecedent and consequential strategies on different types of homework performance problems through several phases. First, a brief experimental analysis was conducted for each student to identify whether poor homework performance was due to a swill deficit or a performance deficit. Next, an …
Attentional And Judgement Biases Associated With Body Weight Preoccupation In Children And Adolescents., Stephanie Lynn Muller
Attentional And Judgement Biases Associated With Body Weight Preoccupation In Children And Adolescents., Stephanie Lynn Muller
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Most cognitive behavioral theories of the eating disorders emphasize the influences of beliefs and attitudes related to body weight and shape on the development and maintenance of pathological eating and weight control behaviors. Recent research has found support for the theories and specifically for the presence of attentional, judgement, and memory biases in individuals diagnosed with eating disorders as well as women who are preoccupied with body weight (Williamson, Muller, Reas, & Thaw, 1999). This research has focused almost without exception on adult populations. However, eating disorders as well as preoccupation with body size and shape have increased in preadolescent …
Prospective Memory: Contributions Of Age, Individual Differences, And Metamemory., Celinda M. Reese
Prospective Memory: Contributions Of Age, Individual Differences, And Metamemory., Celinda M. Reese
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The influence of age, ability, monitoring, and metamemory on event-based prospective memory was examined using an adapted version of G. O. Einstein and M. A. McDaniel's (1990) task. Two samples of younger and older adults who differed in educational attainment and verbal ability were compared. Contrary to previous research (Cherry & LeCompte, 1999), the age/ability groups did not differ on prospective memory performance. On-line monitoring ratings were not related to prospective memory but posttest monitoring ratings were. Age differences in reports of task-irrelevant thoughts emerged from the on-line monitoring data. Although age and ability group differences on self-reports of memory …
Effects Of Suggestive Questioning On Women's Self -Report Of Pain Information Following Colposcopy., Jodie Rabalais Guth
Effects Of Suggestive Questioning On Women's Self -Report Of Pain Information Following Colposcopy., Jodie Rabalais Guth
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study examined the effects of suggestive questioning on women's retrospective ratings of pain and anxiety experienced during colposcopy. The wording of questions was varied between participants (Pain Suggesting, Pain Denying, or No Suggestion). Number of recall sessions was also varied between participants in that some participants completed two ratings (Immediate and Delayed Recall) while others completed only one rating (Delayed Recall). Trait anxiety, pain severity at the time of the memory task, and medical procedure (whether or not the patient underwent a biopsy) were included in the analyses as covariates. Ratings of sensory and affective pain severity as well …
A Novel Experimental Approach To The Explication Of Information Processing Differences Between High And Low Anxious Individuals., Gina M. Manguno-Mire
A Novel Experimental Approach To The Explication Of Information Processing Differences Between High And Low Anxious Individuals., Gina M. Manguno-Mire
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The information processing perspective of cognition and emotion has been a fruitful area of research inquiry in recent years. As a result of this recent spate of interest, emotional processing biases in anxiety have been consistently demonstrated, indicating that anxious individuals possess a processing priority for threatening information. This study is an attempt to further examine the processing biases which characterize anxious and nonanxious individuals. Pilot work was conducted to investigate the utility of a novel approach, the affective categorization task, to examine the affective meaning of lexical stimuli. Pilot research using the affective categorization task with socially anxious individuals …