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Seniorpreneurs: The New Aspect Of Retirement, Valentina Cordero Dec 2014

Seniorpreneurs: The New Aspect Of Retirement, Valentina Cordero

Capstones

In the U.S., entrepreneurs ages 55 to 64 increased by almost 5 percent in the last decade, while the young generation saw a decline. People 55 and older want something new than a traditional employment. They feel more confident in their ability to open businesses.


7 Million Americans Can’T Escape ‘Dead End’ Jobs, Patrick Gillespie Dec 2014

7 Million Americans Can’T Escape ‘Dead End’ Jobs, Patrick Gillespie

Capstones

Involuntary part-time is one of the worst problems in the labor market today. These are people who want full-time work, but for a collage of reasons, can only obtain part-time work (35 hours a week or less). There are about 7 million Americans stuck in involuntary part-time work. At the start of the recession, there were about 3.5 million. Although the economy shows signs of improvement, involuntary part-time workers express little hope in their future. Many don't have healthcare, About 75 percent of IPT workers are either below the poverty line or in low income ($36,000 for a family of …


The Shadow Banking System In The United States, Bhakti Joshi Oct 2014

The Shadow Banking System In The United States, Bhakti Joshi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In 2008 the United States suffered a devastating economic collapse. Millions of Americans were unemployed; families lost their homes; and long time businesses were forced to shut down. These events put the United States into an economic depression so deep that the country has yet to fully recover. The crisis was not a natural disaster but varieties of private sector agents such as banks and hedge funds were responsible for its efficient cause. Even though the housing and stock bubbles were generated largely by market forces rather than by government policies, the US government policies and institutions also played a …


Bicultural Social Identity: Do Biculturals Assess Workplace Deviance Differently Across Different Ethnicities?, Andy Y. Chiou Oct 2014

Bicultural Social Identity: Do Biculturals Assess Workplace Deviance Differently Across Different Ethnicities?, Andy Y. Chiou

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Research on biculturals has informed us much regarding their cognition and identity integration, however little as to the bicultural perception of in- and out-groups, and whether it can be primed. I examined this question in a workplace setting using the black sheep framework, specifically: Given the activation of one of a bicultural's specific cultural identities, will he or she allocate punishment to deviant employees of different cultural backgrounds differently based on whether he or she views them as an in-group or out-group member? In Study 1, I show that Asian-American biculturals do assess deviant employees of different cultural backgrounds differently …


Dynamic Asset Allocation: A Bayesian Approach, Yalan Feng Oct 2014

Dynamic Asset Allocation: A Bayesian Approach, Yalan Feng

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The first half of this dissertation consists of two essays addressing dynamic asset allocation problem by exploring time-varying volatility and covariance between different assets.

In the first essay, I propose a time-varying Bayesian approach based on autoregressive models. To allow a parsimonious specification while improving predictive power, I specify a step function that considerably decreases the number of parameters to be estimated. To reduce data dimensionality, I use orthogonal portfolios instead of correlated assets in estimation and forecast. Finally, a Bayesian estimation is applied to dynamically update coefficients and error variance. I combine Bayesian time-varying autoregression with step function restriction …


Studies In Volatility, Nazli Sila Alan Jun 2014

Studies In Volatility, Nazli Sila Alan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation consists of five chapters that focus on the price discovery role of equity markets and examine the evolution of intraday stock price volatility as a key measure of market quality. Using six differentiated measures of intraday volatility (that mostly focus on the opening half-hour of trading), all common stocks listed at three stock exchanges with varying levels of fragmentation are analyzed: NYSE and NASDAQ stocks over the period 1993-2012, and Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) stocks over the period 2000-2011.

The results on the evolution of intraday volatility presented in Chapters 2 and 3 indicate the following: In 1993, …


Essays On Non-Gaap Earnings Disclosure, Hangsoo Kyung Jun 2014

Essays On Non-Gaap Earnings Disclosure, Hangsoo Kyung

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Essay1: The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued new Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations (CDI) in 2010, relaxing enforcement of Regulation G and Regulation S-K. The nonbinding nature and opaque procedures behind interpretive guidance cast doubt as to whether SEC staff interpretations changed a firm's voluntary disclosure. In this paper, I find that firms more frequently disclose non-GAAP earnings after the issuance of new CDI, suggesting that nonbinding SEC staff interpretations influence corporate disclosure practice. Compared to the pre-CDI period, non-GAAP exclusions are of higher quality in the post-CDI period. The exclusion quality of firms who started to disclose non-GAAP …


Bureaupathology And Organizational Fraud Prevention: Case Studies Of Fraud Hotlines, Chelsea Ann Binns Jun 2014

Bureaupathology And Organizational Fraud Prevention: Case Studies Of Fraud Hotlines, Chelsea Ann Binns

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examined the effect of organizational bureaucracy on fraud hotline performance. Fraud hotlines are used to receive anonymous fraud tips from employees in all sectors to prevent and detect fraud. This work contributes to the research on fraud hotlines, which today is very light. This work also examined individual hotline performance against organization theory, which is absent in the literature. The literature also doesn't include studies using social media data to determine organizational climate. This work contributes to that literature by providing a collective case study examination of the fraud hotlines in six organizations. Their hotline performance was examined …


An Approach To Understanding Through Practice: Contextual Analysis Of A High School--College Latina/O And Latin American Studies Collaborative Program, Gabriel Antonio Higuera Jun 2014

An Approach To Understanding Through Practice: Contextual Analysis Of A High School--College Latina/O And Latin American Studies Collaborative Program, Gabriel Antonio Higuera

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Collaborative, interdisciplinary, multigenerational, and culturally-rooted educational programs benefit students of historically marginalized groups in the United States. This paper employs critical race theory (CRT) as a means to better understand the greater dynamics undergirding the achievement gap. CRT also serves as a basis for the narrative description of the high school-college collaborative program I created and developed in Phoenix, Arizona, from 2002 to 2006. The program model features 2-year and 4-year college students co-facilitating dialogues on Latina/o and Latin American Studies at participating high schools. Collaborative program structures are analyzed with a focus on their ability to invite community input …


Wearing Your Heart On Your Sleeve: The Effects Of Conspicuous Compassion On Identity Signaling And Charitable Behavior, Zoe Rogers Jun 2014

Wearing Your Heart On Your Sleeve: The Effects Of Conspicuous Compassion On Identity Signaling And Charitable Behavior, Zoe Rogers

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Conspicuous compassion is one type of prosocial behavior that involves the purchase and wearing of merchandise that supports a cause. This research considers the effects that conspicuous compassion has on signaling to others and signaling to the self and the factors that influence these types of signaling. This research shows that self-signaling is influenced more by whether the merchandise supported (vs. did not support) a cause, while other-signaling is more influenced by the public (vs. private) dimension of the message on the merchandise. This research also examines a two-path model of the effects of conspicuous compassion on subsequent charitable behavior, …


Homeostasis-Driven Responses To Consumer Sensations, Rhonda Hadi Jun 2014

Homeostasis-Driven Responses To Consumer Sensations, Rhonda Hadi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This research examines the effect of experienced physical temperature on an individual's decision-making process. Reliance on emotions can function as a warming process and reliance on cognitions can function as a cooling process, hence individuals are nonconsciously induced to alter their decision-making style according to their thermoregulatory objectives. My first two studies support a thermoregulatory account by demonstrating that the mere use of cognitive versus affective processing leads to both self-reported and objective changes in body temperature, and that the adoption of a compensatory pathway can indeed aid in providing temperature-related comfort. My last three studies demonstrate that individuals adopt …


Financial Reporting Differences And Debt Contracting, Anna B. Brown Feb 2014

Financial Reporting Differences And Debt Contracting, Anna B. Brown

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

I examine the relationship between contracting parties' familiarity with one another's accounting information and the terms and structure of debt contracts. I use the differences in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) among contracting parties domiciled in different countries as a proxy for how familiar a lending bank will be with a borrower's accounting information. I find that a larger difference between the GAAP of the lender and the GAAP of the borrower is associated with a higher credit spread and higher fees. I also find that a larger difference between the GAAP of the lender and the GAAP of the …


Essays On Financial Market Volatility: Applications Of Time-Varying Dynamics, Emily Johnston Feb 2014

Essays On Financial Market Volatility: Applications Of Time-Varying Dynamics, Emily Johnston

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines time-variation in asset volatility surrounding periods of financial market distress. In the first chapter we give a brief introduction of the overall theme of the project, and we outline the models used. The next chapters individually focus on the application of time-varying volatility to important themes in the literature. These include: the behavior of investor risk preferences across periods of stability and distress; inconsistencies in options pricing with regard to the behavior of the underlying asset; and the characterization of time-varying volatility dynamics in equity returns.

The second chapter of this dissertation examines the impact of changing …


Psychological Contracts In Information Exchanges, Stanislav Mamonov Feb 2014

Psychological Contracts In Information Exchanges, Stanislav Mamonov

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Information assets continue to grow in importance of contribution to economic activity. Many emergent businesses, including Google, Amazon and Facebook, leverage crowd-sourced information assets as essential pillars supporting their business models. The appropriation of rights to information assets is commonly done through legal contracts. In practice this approach often fails to prevent conflicts between the information contributors and the companies claiming information rights. In research presented here I attempt to understand when and why the conflicts arise. I draw on psychological contract theory and I develop the framework of psychological contracts in information exchanges. I propose that intellectual property and …