Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Climatic changes (9)
- Contrast media (Diagnostic imaging) (3)
- Cyclones (3)
- Nanostructured materials (3)
- Ocean-atmosphere interaction (3)
-
- Polar vortex (3)
- Severe storms (3)
- Aerosols (2)
- Astronomical photometry (2)
- Atmospheric temperature (2)
- Chemometrics (2)
- Climate (2)
- Climatology (2)
- Coarse (2)
- Cold waves (Meteorology) (2)
- Convection (Meteorology) (2)
- Diagnostic imaging (2)
- Ensemble (2)
- Geometric group theory (2)
- Glutamic acid (2)
- Hurricanes (2)
- Metric spaces (2)
- Monte Carlo method (2)
- Neurotransmitter receptors (2)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2)
- Ocean temperature (2)
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2)
- Precipitation (2)
- Precipitation forecasting (2)
- Rain and rainfall (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 61
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Computationally Efficient Multiple Imputation Routines In Clustered Data, Tugba Akkaya-Hocagil
Computationally Efficient Multiple Imputation Routines In Clustered Data, Tugba Akkaya-Hocagil
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Presence of missing data in correlated data settings is a non-trivial problem. Inference by multiple imputation offers a viable solution to analysts. However, the missing data problem is typically more complicated due to diverse measurement scales, skip patterns, bounds and restrictions. Sequential regression imputation also known as variable-by-variable imputation has emerged as a popular imputation modeling technique, especially in the complex data structures. In this dissertation, we develop three methods to handle incomplete data in hierarchically nested and non-nested multilevel data structures using sequential regression imputation approach.
Torsion Freeness Of Symmetric Powers, Exterior Powers, And Schur Functors, Muberra Allahverdi
Torsion Freeness Of Symmetric Powers, Exterior Powers, And Schur Functors, Muberra Allahverdi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Let $R$ be a local Noetherian commutative ring and $I$ an ideal with projective dimension less than or equal to 1. Necessary and sufficient conditions were provided in \cite{T2007} for a symmetric power $S_kI$ of an ideal of projective dimension 1 to be torsion free, where $k \geq 2$. We extend this result to symmetric powers and a broad class of Schur functors of finitely generated $R$-modules with projective dimension 1. While doing so, we also study the structure of Schur complexes from \cite{ABW1982}, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the acyclicity of the Schur complex by computing the …
Extension Properties Of Asymptotic Property C And Finite Decomposition Complexity, Susan Beckhardt
Extension Properties Of Asymptotic Property C And Finite Decomposition Complexity, Susan Beckhardt
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
We prove extension theorems for several geometric properties such as asymptotic property C (APC), finite decomposition complexity (FDC), straight finite decomposition complexity (sFDC) which are weakenings of Gromov’s finite asymptotic dimension (FAD).
Examining Variability In Model Skill During The 7 January 2013 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event, Jonathan Lee Blufer
Examining Variability In Model Skill During The 7 January 2013 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event, Jonathan Lee Blufer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Recent analyses of numerical weather prediction models have shown that stratospheric regime changes (e.g. strong and weak vortex events) are not skillfully predicted at medium-range lead times. Motivated by these recent analyses, this thesis investigates the sources of variability in stratospheric forecast skill amongst several operational models initiated at different lead times prior to the 7 January 2013 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). This study extends upon a previous analysis by the Stratospheric Network for the Assessment of Predictability (SNAP), which concluded that a change in forecast lead-time from 15 to 10 days increased model skill in predicting the 2013 SSW …
Linkages Between Tropopause Polar Vortices And The Development Of Cold Air Outbreaks Over Central And Eastern North America, Kevin Biernat
Linkages Between Tropopause Polar Vortices And The Development Of Cold Air Outbreaks Over Central And Eastern North America, Kevin Biernat
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Coherent vortices in the vicinity of the tropopause, referred to as tropopause polar vortices (TPVs), may be extracted from high latitudes in conjunction with high-latitude upper-level ridge amplification. Once extracted, TPVs may interact with and strengthen midlatitude jet streams, as well as act as precursor disturbances for the development of intense midlatitude cyclones. Cold pools that may accompany TPVs as they are transported to middle latitudes may lead to widespread cold air outbreaks (CAOs), which may result in significant socioeconomic impacts. The purpose of this study is to investigate 1) the equatorward transport of TPVs and cold pools to middle …
Structural Characterization Of The Interactions Of Nicotinamide And Analogs With Human Sirt6 By Saturation Transfer Difference (Std) Nmr And Site Directed Mutagenesis, Beatriz Elena Bolivar-Vega
Structural Characterization Of The Interactions Of Nicotinamide And Analogs With Human Sirt6 By Saturation Transfer Difference (Std) Nmr And Site Directed Mutagenesis, Beatriz Elena Bolivar-Vega
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The allosteric regulation of SIRT6 by nicotinamide (NAM), along with the growing evidence of this enzyme's key role in the immune response, prompted the mechanistic study of SIRT6 inhibition by pyrazinamide (PZA) and analogs. In our current study, PZA, an analog of NAM, was revealed to have a modest modulatory effect on SIRT6, an enzyme that regulates the NF-κB signaling pathway at the transcriptional level (a relevant pathway to inflammation). Similarly, the analogs of PZA, 5-Cl PZA, 5-MeO PZA, and POA exhibited a modulatory effect against SIRT6 in our in vitro studies, enabling identification of a potential new target for …
On Combinatorial Models For Kirillov-Reshetikhin Crystals Of Type B, Carly Jean Anderson Briggs
On Combinatorial Models For Kirillov-Reshetikhin Crystals Of Type B, Carly Jean Anderson Briggs
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
KR crystals encode the structure of certain finite dimensional representations of affine Lie algebras. There are various combinatorial models for them; type specific ones, such as tableau models in classical types and type independent ones, such as the quantum alcove model. While the type specific models are more explicit, they have less easily accessible information, so it is generally hard to use them in specific computations. As these computations are much simpler in the quantum alcove model, an alternative is to translate them to the tableau models, via a crystal isomorphism between the two models. This was achieved in types …
Bounded Algebra Over Coarse Spaces, Patrick Cahill
Bounded Algebra Over Coarse Spaces, Patrick Cahill
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Bounded algebra methods have been a valuable tool in algebraic topology and algebraic K-theory
Hidden Symmetries In String Theory, Iurii Chervonyi
Hidden Symmetries In String Theory, Iurii Chervonyi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In this thesis we study hidden symmetries within the framework of string theory. Symmetries play a very important role in physics: they lead to drastic simplifications, which allow one to compute various physical quantities without relying on perturbative techniques.
A Three-Body Simulation Of Kepler-91 : A Potential Trojan System, Bryan Daniel D'Angelo
A Three-Body Simulation Of Kepler-91 : A Potential Trojan System, Bryan Daniel D'Angelo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This paper presents a three-body simulation of Kepler-91 (KIC 8219268) using parameters
Study Of Biologically Important Macromolecules By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Christopher Michael Demott
Study Of Biologically Important Macromolecules By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Christopher Michael Demott
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Intrinsically disordered proteins or unstructured segments within proteins play an important role in cellular physiology and pathology. A combination of peptide aptamers selected by using the yeast-two-hybrid scheme, and in-cell NMR identified high affinity binders to a transiently structured intrinsically disordered proteins (IDP). This method was validated using the prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein, Pup, of the Mycobacterium proteasome. We discover two peptide aptamers that bind to opposite sites of a transient helix in Pup, an intrinsically disordered protein, that have vastly different effects on the survival of Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
Site-Specific Functionalization Of Corannulene : Tailoring Structures And Properties, Cristina Dubceac
Site-Specific Functionalization Of Corannulene : Tailoring Structures And Properties, Cristina Dubceac
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (also referred to as buckybowls or π-bowls) are curved polyarenes that are structurally related to fullerenes. Corannulene, the smallest buckybowl which maps onto a one-third of the surface of C60, provides a great platform for functionalization. Various synthetic methods have been developed over the years to give access to a wealth of corannulene derivatives with many different properties and practical applications. In this work, we report on the controlled functionalization of the corannulene interior, while also employing the addition of different functionalities to its periphery for fine-tuning of the packing and bowl properties.
Evaluation Of Lightning Jumps As A Predictor Of Severe Weather In The Northeastern United States, Pamela Eck
Evaluation Of Lightning Jumps As A Predictor Of Severe Weather In The Northeastern United States, Pamela Eck
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Severe weather events in the northeastern United States can be challenging to forecast, given how the evolution of deep convection can be influenced by complex terrain and the lack of quality observations in complex terrain. To supplement existing observations, this study explores using lightning to forecast severe convection in areas of complex terrain in the northeastern United States. A sudden increase in lightning flash rate by two standard deviations (2σ), also known as a lightning jump, may be indicative of a strengthening updraft and an increased probability of severe weather.
Structured Pseudospectra Of Block Matrix Structures, Richard Eric Ferro
Structured Pseudospectra Of Block Matrix Structures, Richard Eric Ferro
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The study of pseudospectra Λε(A) dates back to the 1980s when it became an important analytical and graphical alternative for investigating non-normal matrices and operators. The interest in pseudospectra was further stimulated in the 1990s by the increasing avail- ability of numerical software such as Matlab, Eigtool and Seigtool. The main reason for the importance of pseudospectra is that eigenvalue analysis of non-self-adjoint operators can be misleading, which is most easily seen by looking at the 2-norm pseudospectra of non- normal matrices whose eigenvectors are not orthogonal. Many of the advances in the field are due to interactions between pure …
Socio-Demographic Determinants Of Racial Disparities In Stage At Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer In New York State, Christophe Maxime Fokoua Dongmo
Socio-Demographic Determinants Of Racial Disparities In Stage At Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer In New York State, Christophe Maxime Fokoua Dongmo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
ABSTRACT
Investigating The Effects Of Ice-Forming Saharan Dust Aerosols On Tropical Deep Convection Using Spectral Bin Microphysics, Matthew Scott Gibbons
Investigating The Effects Of Ice-Forming Saharan Dust Aerosols On Tropical Deep Convection Using Spectral Bin Microphysics, Matthew Scott Gibbons
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Aerosol effects on cloud and precipitation formation remain a significant source of uncertainty in the study of weather and climate. Aerosols can impact cloud and precipitation formation by functioning as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN) and/or ice nuclei (IN) affecting subsequent cloud microphysical processes. Aerosol effects on clouds are tightly interconnected with cloud dynamic and thermodynamic variables, some of which are currently impossible or infeasible to observe with existing sensors. Numerical models can be used to untangle aerosols effects from cloud dynamics and thermodynamics, but model results can be affected by the complexity of the parameterizations …
Mesh-Based Fourier Imaging For Biological And Security Applications, Danielle Justine Hayden
Mesh-Based Fourier Imaging For Biological And Security Applications, Danielle Justine Hayden
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Traditional x-ray imaging provides only low contrast from low atomic number materials, like soft tissue, due to the small attenuation variations producing very small intensity changes. Higher contrast can be achieved through phase information. The phase change is obtained from the x-ray refracting in a sample, or phase object, due to the difference in refractive indexes. This causes a small angular deviation from the original path. Phase contrast imaging has not been realized in everyday practice due to the requirement for large spatial coherence width of the x-ray beam which typically requires sources on the order of 10-50 m, the …
The Technology Development And Commercialization Of 'Smart' Scientific Instrumentations, Tony Hoang
The Technology Development And Commercialization Of 'Smart' Scientific Instrumentations, Tony Hoang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The technology development of two centrifuge-based instruments gave rise to an Internet-of-Things (IOT) biotech startup. The first instrument: the centrifuge force microscope (CFM) was recently introduced as a platform for massively parallel single-molecule manipulation and analysis. Here we developed a low-cost and self-contained CFM module that works directly within a commercial centrifuge, greatly improving accessibility and ease of use. Our instrument incorporates research grade video microscopy, a power source, a computer, and wireless transmission capability to simultaneously monitor many individually tethered microspheres. Building off of the first project, the second instrument we introduced was the “smart” centrifuge-test tube holder. The …
Some Problems From Higher-Order Unification, Daniel Hono
Some Problems From Higher-Order Unification, Daniel Hono
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Unification deals with the solving of equations over terms. Higher-order unification extends
Materials For Giant Spin Hall Effect Devices, Avyaya Jayanthinarasimham
Materials For Giant Spin Hall Effect Devices, Avyaya Jayanthinarasimham
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Studies presented in this thesis are an effort to control the growth of β W and explore
Investigating The Role Of Epitranscriptomics In Viral Immunity, Kaycie S. Lawson
Investigating The Role Of Epitranscriptomics In Viral Immunity, Kaycie S. Lawson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The characterization of host-virus relationships is essential for understanding the process of viral replication and driving the development of effective viral targeting strategies. In this work, I tested the hypothesis that ribonucleic acid (RNA) post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) may play a significant role in defining host-virus interactions. The model system consisted of a yeast strain capable of harboring the endogenous L-A virus, which allowed me to evaluate the possible involvement of PTMs in the process of cellular immunity to virus-borne toxicity. A mass spectrometry-based platform was utilized to compare the global PTM profile of wild-type yeast with those of the same …
A Zooarchaeological And Geochemical Analysis Of The Faunal Remains From The Tripolye Site Verteba Cave, Ukraine, Sarah Heins Ledogar
A Zooarchaeological And Geochemical Analysis Of The Faunal Remains From The Tripolye Site Verteba Cave, Ukraine, Sarah Heins Ledogar
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study combines zooarchaeological and geochemical analyses to examine the use of animals excavated from Verteba Cave (Ukraine), a unique archaeological site associated with the Eneolithic Tripolye culture (4900 – 2900 BC). Verteba Cave is atypical among Tripolye sites because it is located within a cave, and contains a large amount of human skeletal remains. Although research has been focused on understanding Tripolye subsistence economy, the strategies engaged for procuring domestic animals and the role of animal products in Tripolye life has been underexplored. The role of animals in social behaviors (i.e., mortuary practices, feasting) has not yet been thoroughly …
Sensitivity Of Meiyu Front To Aerosol Spatial Distribution Over Yangtze-Huai River Valley, Chu-Chun Huang
Sensitivity Of Meiyu Front To Aerosol Spatial Distribution Over Yangtze-Huai River Valley, Chu-Chun Huang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The observed contrasts in both aerosol number and size associated with frequent north-polluted-south-clean (NPSC) conditions over Yangtze-Huai River Valley (YHRV) during the Meiyu season may induce different aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions within the region causing different evolution of the Meiyu system. This aspect was studied by conducting WRF sensitivity simulations with different configurations of north-south aerosol number and size contrasts. Results show that when the Meiyu system develops at YHRV, more aerosols in the north (than the south) cause more but smaller cloud droplets to form, resulting in stronger radiative cooling at north part of the Meiyu system. Subsequently, the differential cooling …
The Impact Snow Albedo Feedback Over Mountain Regions As Examined Through High-Resolution Regional Climate Change Experiments Over The Rocky Mountains, Theodore Letcher
The Impact Snow Albedo Feedback Over Mountain Regions As Examined Through High-Resolution Regional Climate Change Experiments Over The Rocky Mountains, Theodore Letcher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As the climate warms, the snow albedo feedback (SAF) will play a substantial role in shaping the climate response of mid-latitude mountain regions with transient snow cover. One such region is the Rocky Mountains of the western United States where large snow packs accumulate during the winter and persist throughout the spring. In this dissertation, the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF) configured as a regional climate model is used to investigate the role of the SAF in determining the regional climate response to forced anthropogenic climate change. The regional effects of climate change are investigated by using the pseudo …
Kz Spatial Wave Separation With Applications To Atmospheric Data, Ming Luo
Kz Spatial Wave Separation With Applications To Atmospheric Data, Ming Luo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Unlike one-dimensional wave reconstruction, reconstruction 2D spatial wave via Fourier Transform doesn’t look like a non-parametric algorithm. In other words, we need the wave frequency and wave direction information to recover the spatial wave via Fourier Transform, especially when the stress of noise is present. The direct consequence is that accurate estimations of wave parameters are need for reconstructing of spatial waves. To this end, we propose to improve the accuracy of motion image scale detection and parameter estimations with optimization based on Kolmogorov-Zurbenko periodogram (KZP) information. Related methods and algorithms are denoted under the name of Kolmogorov-Zurbenko wave separations. …
Tropical Cyclone Intensification Under Moderate Vertical Wind Shear, Rosimar Rios-Berrios
Tropical Cyclone Intensification Under Moderate Vertical Wind Shear, Rosimar Rios-Berrios
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Deep-layer (200–850 hPa) vertical wind shear is generally an inhibiting factor for tropical cyclone intensification. Multiple studies—ranging from case studies to climatological analyses—have consistently shown that the chances of tropical cyclone intensification decrease with increasing vertical wind shear magnitude. However, tropical cyclones can intensify under moderate shear—the range of shear magnitudes that are neither too weak to have negligible influence on intensity nor too strong to completely halt intensification. Intensity, track, and precipitation forecasts of tropical cyclones under moderate shear can be highly uncertain; therefore, explaining how tropical cyclones evolve under seemingly unfavorable conditions is an important step towards improved …
Exploring Magnetic Nanostructures Embedded Within Single-Crystal Silicon For Generation Of Spin-Polarized Carriers, Machara Krishna Girish Malladi
Exploring Magnetic Nanostructures Embedded Within Single-Crystal Silicon For Generation Of Spin-Polarized Carriers, Machara Krishna Girish Malladi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Integrating magnetic functionalities with silicon holds the promise of developing, in the most dominant semiconductor, a paradigm-shift information technology based on the manipulation and control of electron spin and charge. Here, we demonstrate an ion implantation approach enabling the synthesis of a ferromagnetic layer within a defect free Si environment by exploiting an additional implant of hydrogen in a region deep below the metal implanted layer. Upon post-implantation annealing, nanocavities created within the H-implanted region act as trapping sites for gettering the implanted metal species, resulting in the formation of metal nanoparticles in a Si region of excellent crystal quality. …
Understanding Predictive Skill Of Arctic Sea Ice And Its Linkage With Mid-Latitude Weather And Climate In The Ncep Climate Forecast System, Colleen Mchugh
Understanding Predictive Skill Of Arctic Sea Ice And Its Linkage With Mid-Latitude Weather And Climate In The Ncep Climate Forecast System, Colleen Mchugh
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Arctic climate is undergoing significant change, particularly rapid decline of sea ice. Arctic sea ice plays an important role in local, regional, and global climate through a variety of physical processes as seen in observational analysis as well as modeling studies. Recent research suggested that decreasing autumn and winter Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) has been shown to have an effect on mid-latitude weather patterns during the winter months. Therefore, accurate forecasts of Arctic sea ice extent and the associated teleconnections with the mid-latitudes are important for accurate seasonal climate prediction. The NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) is …
Determination And Analysis Of Dscovr-Eipc Satellite-Retrieved Radiance From Cloud Geometric And Optical Properties, Emily Christine Morgan
Determination And Analysis Of Dscovr-Eipc Satellite-Retrieved Radiance From Cloud Geometric And Optical Properties, Emily Christine Morgan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Using simulations and numerical fitting, this work sought to describe the satellite-retrieved radiance of clouds as a function of their thermodynamic and optical properties. Subsequently, this understanding can then be used in a look-up-table to determine the properties of clouds imaged by the EPIC sensor in the NASA DSCOVR satellite. In this study, background oxygen absorption was modeled in a radiative transfer model and convolved with EPIC filter functions for two absorption-reference pairs for Oxygen A- and B-band. This absorption profile was established as the primary vertical coordinate in this study, leveraging the similarity principle to allow for intercomparison of …
A Climatological And Multiscale Analysis Of Cold Air Outbreaks In The Northeast United States, Zachary Baker Murphy
A Climatological And Multiscale Analysis Of Cold Air Outbreaks In The Northeast United States, Zachary Baker Murphy
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The results of a climatological and multiscale analysis of cold air outbreaks (CAOs) that impacted the Northeast U.S. during 1948–2015 are presented. This climatological and multiscale analysis was based on daily minimum temperature data extracted from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily dataset for 53 stations that were distributed throughout nine climate regions defined by the NCEI. A CAO is diagnosed whenever two or more stations within an NCEI climate region experience three or more consecutive days where the daily minimum temperatures at a station fall below the 31-day centered moving average of the fifth …