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Modeling Of Megavoltage And Low Energy Focused X-Ray Beams Using Mcnp5, Hassan Abbas
Modeling Of Megavoltage And Low Energy Focused X-Ray Beams Using Mcnp5, Hassan Abbas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In this thesis 6 and 18 MV photon beams for a Varian linear accelerator were simulated using a general purpose Monte Carlo code MCNP5 (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code). The potential of MCNP5 is explored to calculate the dose in high dose gradient regions. In addition, MCNP5 was used to model another geometry, low energy focused x ray beams created with polycapillary optics, to explore their potential to provide a different skin-sparing technique for radiation therapy.
On Combinatorial Models For Representations Of Classical Lie Algebras, William Louis Adamczak
On Combinatorial Models For Representations Of Classical Lie Algebras, William Louis Adamczak
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Lenart and Postnikov have constructed a simple combinatorial model for the characters
Random Processes Of The Form X(N+1) = Anxn + Bn (Mod P) In Two Dimensions, Scott Christopher Bianco
Random Processes Of The Form X(N+1) = Anxn + Bn (Mod P) In Two Dimensions, Scott Christopher Bianco
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A common way for computers to generate pseudo random number sequences is by using recurrences such as Xn+1=aXn+b (mod p) where a, b, and p are fixed integers. Even though this process generates pseudo random numbers it is completely determined by X0,a,b,p. Chung, Diaconis, and Graham, found bounds as p → infinity for the random process Xn+1=aXn+bn (mod p) where a is a fixed integer, and bn is either -1,0, or 1.
A Novel Fabrication Technique For Three-Dimensional Nanostructures, Ravi Kiran Bonam
A Novel Fabrication Technique For Three-Dimensional Nanostructures, Ravi Kiran Bonam
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Three dimensional micro- and nano-structures are commonly used in the field of Photonics, Optoelectronics, Sensors and Biological applications. Although numerous physical models are developed, a major challenge has been in their fabrication which is commonly limited to conventional layer-by-layer techniques. In this dissertation, a novel method for fabricating three dimensional structures using Electron Beam Lithography (EBL) will be presented.
Optimal Recovery Of Holomorphic Functions From Inaccurate Information About Integration Type Operators, Arthur James Degraw
Optimal Recovery Of Holomorphic Functions From Inaccurate Information About Integration Type Operators, Arthur James Degraw
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This paper addresses the optimal estimation of functions from Hilbert spaces of functions on the unit disc. The estimation, or recovery, is performed from inaccurate information given by a linear information operator. The information operators considered are of integration type, along radial and secant paths. The results are applied to the Hardy-Sobolev and Bergman-Sobolev classes.
Assessing The Reproducibility Of Coral Oxygen And Carbon Isotope Time Series From Fiji And Tonga And Their Application To The Reconstruction Of South Pacific Convergence Zone Movements Since The Mid-1800s, Emilie Pauline Dassie
Assessing The Reproducibility Of Coral Oxygen And Carbon Isotope Time Series From Fiji And Tonga And Their Application To The Reconstruction Of South Pacific Convergence Zone Movements Since The Mid-1800s, Emilie Pauline Dassie
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A major feature affecting the hydrology of the southern hemisphere is the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ); a band of high rainfall extending southeastward from the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). It is a key source of atmospheric water vapor and latent heating. While it is clear that the SPCZ plays a fundamental role in Earth's climate, little is known about the patterns and mechanisms responsible for interannual to century-scale changes in its position and how it may respond to global climate change.
Unification Modulo Theories Of Blind Signatures, Serdar Erbatur
Unification Modulo Theories Of Blind Signatures, Serdar Erbatur
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis is concerned with equational unification problems that are relevant in formal verification of cryptographic protocols which deploy blind signature schemes. Blind signatures are signature schemes that keep the content confidential and have applications in modern cryptography for electronic voting and digital cash schemes. Equational unification problems studied here originate from blind RSA signatures and El Gamal encryption.
The Application Of Raman Spectroscopy As A Confirmatory Blood Test In The Presence Of Sodium Hypochlorite Cleaners In In Comparison With Presumptive Blood Tests, Aliea Anoshaa Afnan
The Application Of Raman Spectroscopy As A Confirmatory Blood Test In The Presence Of Sodium Hypochlorite Cleaners In In Comparison With Presumptive Blood Tests, Aliea Anoshaa Afnan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Popular presumptive tests for blood include: Luminol, tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), leucomalachite green (LMG), phenolphthalein, and Hemastix® [3]. These presumptive tests have been reviewed with respect to their sensitivity, specificity, and DNA degradation. In this study, the aforementioned presumptive tests were subjected to bloodstains deposited on cotton contaminated with all-purpose bleach and compared with Raman spectroscopy as an application of a confirmatory blood test. Samples were tested for interference with the all-purpose bleach to determine the selectivity of the presumptive tests. Tetramethylbenzidine, leucomalachite green, and phenolphthalein all yielded inconclusive results when applied to a contaminated sample. Luminol and Hemastix® yielded a positive …
Synoptic And Mesoscale Aspects Of Ice Storms In The Northeastern U.S, Christopher Castellano
Synoptic And Mesoscale Aspects Of Ice Storms In The Northeastern U.S, Christopher Castellano
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Ice storms are among the most hazardous, disruptive, and costly meteorological phenomena in the northeastern United States. The accretion of freezing rain during ice storms endangers human safety, compromises public infrastructure, and causes economic losses on local and regional scales. Furthermore, ice storms present a major operational forecast challenge due to the combined influence of synoptic, mesoscale, and microphysical processes on precipitation type. In consideration of these socioeconomic impacts and forecast issues, we have identified three primary objectives for this thesis: 1) create long-term climatologies of freezing rain and ice storms in the northeastern U.S., 2) identify antecedent environments conducive …
Analysis Of Intraseasonal Convective Variability Modes Over West Africa During The Monsoon Season, Jeffrey Ceratto
Analysis Of Intraseasonal Convective Variability Modes Over West Africa During The Monsoon Season, Jeffrey Ceratto
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Intraseasonal variability of rainfall within the West African Monsoon has been shown to be an important factor in the weather of this region. Multiple factors have been found to contribute to variability at this timescale. Mounier, et al (2008) use EOF analysis to uncover and describe a quasi-stationary dipole of precipitation between the West African Monsoon system and the West Atlantic/Caribbean Sea. This mode, termed the Quasi Biweekly Zonal Dipole mode, operates on timescales of roughly 13 days. The stationary nature of this dipole is focused upon in their work, while the role of Kelvin waves in the mode are …
Fractional Comparison Of Arson Accelerants Using Advanced Distillation, Sarah Clickner
Fractional Comparison Of Arson Accelerants Using Advanced Distillation, Sarah Clickner
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Detection of accelerants is often critical in proving a fire was intentional. Establishing a fire was intentionally set is not an easy task and hinges on the preservation of accelerant present in fire debris. Various accelerants have previously been studied using the advanced distillation method to get fractional composition information. The resulting fractions from advanced distillations were compared to evaporation and burn samples to determine if there were any similarities.
An Analysis Of The Formation And Evolution Of The 1989 Western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Brian Andrew Crandall
An Analysis Of The Formation And Evolution Of The 1989 Western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Brian Andrew Crandall
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis conducts an observational study of a large cyclonic gyre that developed in the Western North Pacific (WNP) in late July 1989. For a period of six days, azimuthally-averaged winds at 850 hPa remained cyclonic out from the center of circulation to the 2000 km radius, with azimuthally-averaged tangential wind speeds at or greater than 10 m s-1. The gyre exhibited an asymmetric convection pattern, with the center, north and west flanks devoid of large convective areas, but the southern and eastern flanks maintained large-scale convective regions, extending as much as 4000 km in longitude.
The Association Of Summer Temperatures With Hospital Admissions For Renal Diseases In New York State : A Case-Crossover Study, Barbara A. Fletcher
The Association Of Summer Temperatures With Hospital Admissions For Renal Diseases In New York State : A Case-Crossover Study, Barbara A. Fletcher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study assessed the association between high temperatures and increased odds of hospitalization for renal diseases which, to date, has been examined in only a small number of studies. A case-crossover design was used to study 147,885 hospital admissions with renal diagnoses during July and August, 1991-2004 in New York State. Regional temperature, humidity and barometric pressure data from automated monitors were used as exposure indicators. Using time-stratified referent selection and conditional logistic regression analysis, an overall 9% increase in odds of hospitalization for acute renal failure per 5°F (2.78°C) was found for mean temperature at a one day lag …
Statistical Analysis Of Gasoline As An Accelerant Using Principal Component Analysis, Carolyn Frantz
Statistical Analysis Of Gasoline As An Accelerant Using Principal Component Analysis, Carolyn Frantz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Arson is one of the most difficult crimes to investigate, as much of the physical evidence is destroyed by the fire. Evidence of an accelerant at a scene is often vital in determining whether a fire was intentional or accidental. Gasoline is one of the most commonly used accelerants, due to its wide availability and low cost. Neat gasoline samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to identify the components present in each gasoline and differentiate between gasoline samples based on their seasonal blend and grade. Advanced distillations were executed to compare regular and premium grade gasolines and determine …
Structural And Thermodynamic Anaylsis Of Self-Assembled Dna Cross-Tiles, Lauren Hakker
Structural And Thermodynamic Anaylsis Of Self-Assembled Dna Cross-Tiles, Lauren Hakker
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A thermodynamic and structural analysis of DNA nanostructures was performed, following the replacement of the unpaired thymine bases within a central loop to determine their effect on the self-assembly process. Specifically this study focused on DNA cross-tile nanostructures. Self-assembly of DNA cross-tiles occurs by means of Watson-crick base-pairing interactions between designed single-stranded DNAs from which lattice structures assemble through sticky-end cohesion. These cross-tile structures were constructed from nine single-stranded DNAs and consisted of a central loop containing 16 unpaired thymine bases, four shell strands, and four arms. Modifications were introduced to replace the central unpaired thymine base loop. The modifications …
Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy For Characterization Of Rna Structure And Thermodynamics, Joseph Dustin Handen
Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy For Characterization Of Rna Structure And Thermodynamics, Joseph Dustin Handen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Raman spectroscopy is a technique well suited for the study of biological molecules such as proteins, peptides, or RNAs. By utilizing an ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) instrument, we are afforded a tremendous increase in sensitivity because of resonance enhancement. Additionally, this technique does not require any labeling. Moreover, this technique is better suited for studying biological systems than infrared absorption due to reduced interference from water. In this study, we apply techniques we have developed for the study of protein and peptide fibrillation to a model RNA homodimer. We demonstrate that UVRR spectroscopy is uniquely suited to monitoring the free …
Inhibition Of Glutamate Receptors By Constructing Bipartite Rna Aptamers, Jeffrey Hebert
Inhibition Of Glutamate Receptors By Constructing Bipartite Rna Aptamers, Jeffrey Hebert
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The relationship of excessive activity of AMPA-type glutamate receptors, and cell death, has long provided researchers a means of investigating neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Inhibitors of AMPA receptor channels, including chemical and nucleic acid molecules such as RNA aptamers, have served as potential therapeutic agents and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, building bipartite aptamers to enhance inhibitory potency, as compared with a monomeric aptamer of AMPA receptor, is described. An enhanced potency is due, at least in part; to the proximity effect in bipartite structures or binding of a monomeric …
Ecological Literacy, Nutrition Knowledge, And Dietary Practices Among Students At University At Albany, Elaine Hills
Ecological Literacy, Nutrition Knowledge, And Dietary Practices Among Students At University At Albany, Elaine Hills
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
University students (N=1,924) at a large public university were surveyed to measure their nutrition knowledge, dietary practices, and ecological literacy. A quantitative measure of ecological literacy was developed for this purpose, reflecting familiarity with nature, awareness of one's personal impact on local and global ecologies, and personal lifestyle choices that demonstrate civic responsibility for the natural environment. The association between nutrition knowledge and dietary practices was compared to the association between ecological literacy and dietary practices. The results showed that: (1) many students were not familiar with public health eating recommendations and did not eat recommended amounts of foods, particularly …
Information Theory Applied To Parameter Inference Of The Nuclear Resonance Absorption Lineshape Of A Hydrated Crystal, Kiel A. Hock
Information Theory Applied To Parameter Inference Of The Nuclear Resonance Absorption Lineshape Of A Hydrated Crystal, Kiel A. Hock
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Magnetic resonance absorption lineshapes can be difficult to calculate but there are simple model systems for which analytical expressions are available which makes model exploration much easier. One goal of this work is to quantify how well model parameters may be inferred from a signal using tools from information theory. Another goal is to equip ourselves with tools to assess the importance of missing parameters in our model. We do this by monitoring the partition function determined from a suitably defined probability mass function for various parameter values. The optimum parameter set makes the partition function a maximum which gives …
Large-Scale Influences On The Pre-Genesis Of Tropical Cyclone Karl (2010), Kyle S. Griffin
Large-Scale Influences On The Pre-Genesis Of Tropical Cyclone Karl (2010), Kyle S. Griffin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The genesis of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Karl (2010) in September 2010 provided a unique opportunity to examine the continuing problem of understanding tropical cyclogenesis. The precursor disturbance to Karl originated from a cluster of showers east of the Windward Islands and was well sampled by ongoing field campaigns, particularly the PRE-Depression Investigation of Cloud-systems in the Tropics (PREDICT), as the targeted disturbance progressed westward. While traditional genesis theories focusing on moisture and mass fields (e.g. top-down showerhead method) can explain the initial spin-up of the disturbance several days prior to its official genesis, additional perspectives are examined in concert with …
Interactions Of The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Protein With Non-Hiv-Derived Nucleic Acids : Implications For The Viral Replication Cycle, Abhijit Padmakar Jadhav
Interactions Of The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nucleocapsid Protein With Non-Hiv-Derived Nucleic Acids : Implications For The Viral Replication Cycle, Abhijit Padmakar Jadhav
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
During attempts to develop aptamers that bind to the nucleocapsid protein of HIV-1 (i.e. NCp7) with high affinity, a heretofore unreported property of the protein--the ability to mediate degradation of nucleic acids, was discovered. Using λ DNA as a model nucleic acid system, it was shown that NCp7-mediated degradation of nucleic acids is non-specific, depends on incubation time, the concentration of NCp7, and the presence of divalent and monovalent cations. It was further demonstrated that degradation can be abrogated if NCp7 is pre-incubated with NCp7-inhibitors. Lyophilization of NCp7 can induce irreversible changes in its secondary structure that result in loss …
Association Between Chemical Constituents Of Particulate Matter And Cardiovascular And Respiratory Morbidities In Nys, Rena Jones
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Improved understanding of health risks from short- and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents may explain seasonal and geographic heterogeneity in PM2.5-health associations and inform control efforts targeting PM sources. Few studies have examined PM species health effects; most have been limited by their exposure assessments and modeling approaches. The goals of this project were to improve the PM exposure assessment and explore relationships between PM2.5 species and health in acute and chronic contexts.
Entropic Priors : Corrections, New Observations And Applications, Tai Kaufmann
Entropic Priors : Corrections, New Observations And Applications, Tai Kaufmann
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Carlos C. Rodríguez [6] [7] has published a family of priors, so named (by John Skilling [4]) the Entropic Priors, that decay as a function of Kullback-Leibler divergence in order to encode a blend of proximity near a prior estimate, with uniformity over the hypothesis space of probability distributions. The asymmetry of the KL divergence gives rise to a continuum of Entropic Priors. Here we examine only the extreme cases, the 0- and 1-entropic priors, the former coinciding with the standard and convenient conjugage priors, but the latter being the unique optimizer of a simple notion of ignorance. The original …
Amyloid Fibril Polymorphism : Structure, Supramolecular Chiraliy And Spontaneous Interconversion, Dzmitry Kurouski
Amyloid Fibril Polymorphism : Structure, Supramolecular Chiraliy And Spontaneous Interconversion, Dzmitry Kurouski
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Specific protein aggregation has been linked to more than 25 severe human maladies including prion, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. These important malfunctions are often referred to as 'conformational' disorders and result from the conversion of a normal isoform of a protein into a specific b-sheet rich polymeric amyloid form. This work elaborates a comprehensive characterization of amyloids and dedicated to the investigation of the fibril polymorphism using advanced microscopic tools, such as Atomic Force and Scanning Electron microcopies, together with several vibrational spectroscopy techniques, such as Raman, Infrared and Vibrational Circular Dichroism. A new type of protein folding-aggregation phenomenon, spontaneous …
Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 In The Coral Genus Isopora For Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional And Seasonal Climate, Gavin Lemley
Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 In The Coral Genus Isopora For Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional And Seasonal Climate, Gavin Lemley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Paleoclimate reconstructions often utilize coral reefs with very long time spans such as the genus Porites and Diploastrea, because of their potential to provide centuries of continuous climate records via geochemical signatures. Smaller corals, such as the genus Isopora, have been essentially unexplored as climate archives because their small skeletons (<1 m) and short lifespans (years to decades) do not provide such continuous geochemical records. There has not been a practical application for such corals until recently. In early 2010, the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Leg 325 (IODP-325) cored drowned fossil reefs off the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) with the objectives of reconstructing sea level and surface ocean conditions since the Last Glacial Maximum. Out of 213 massive fossil corals that were recovered, most were massive Isoporan colonies. A 30-specimen subset of these fossils range in age from ~32,000 to ~11,500 years before present with even temporal spacing, based on preliminary U/Th dating of core catcher samples. This age distribution is excellent for meeting IODP-325 objectives, but the suitability of Isopora for paleoclimate analyses remains unknown.
Short-Term Associations Between Pm2.5, Black Carbon, Delta-C, And Cardiovascular Diseases In A Large Developing Megacity, Daniel Malashock
Short-Term Associations Between Pm2.5, Black Carbon, Delta-C, And Cardiovascular Diseases In A Large Developing Megacity, Daniel Malashock
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Introduction: Association between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been demonstrated by many epidemiological studies in developed countries, however few studies have been performed in developing countries of Asia.
Equational Unification : Algorithms And Complexity With Applications To Cryptographic Protocol Analysis, Andrew Marshall
Equational Unification : Algorithms And Complexity With Applications To Cryptographic Protocol Analysis, Andrew Marshall
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The techniques and tools of unification theory have long been a core component of many
Conformal Field Theory And Its Application To The Ising Model, Joshua Edward Meyer
Conformal Field Theory And Its Application To The Ising Model, Joshua Edward Meyer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The two-dimensional Ising model was originally solved by Onsager using statistical physics techniques. More recently, it has been found that the derivation of critical exponents and correlation functions can be greatly simplified by using the methods of Conformal Field Theory (CFT). We review these methods and apply them to the two-dimensional Ising model. The connection between the continuum limit Ising model and the field theory of free fermions is explained, resulting in a CFT on the plane with two non-trivial fields. Through the use of bosonization on the plane, the free-field correlation functions of the model are computed.
The Analytic Reconciliation Of Classic Mayan Elite Pottery : Squaring Pottery Function With Form, Adornment, And Residual Contents, Jennifer Ann Loughmiller-Newman
The Analytic Reconciliation Of Classic Mayan Elite Pottery : Squaring Pottery Function With Form, Adornment, And Residual Contents, Jennifer Ann Loughmiller-Newman
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation presents a multidisciplinary means of determining the actual content (foodstuff, non-foodstuff, or lack of contents) of Classic Mayan (A.D. 250-900) vessels. Based on previous studies that have identified the residues of foodstuffs named in hieroglyphic texts (e.g. cacao), this study is designed to further investigate foodstuff residues in the elite vessels indicated by text or image to contain those residues, and the methods employed for residue characterization. Prior to studies utilizing residue analysis, the content of Classic Maya vessels largely had long been inferred largely by ethnographic analogy, associating specific vessel forms with specific uses based on ethnographic …
Trace Element Analysis Of Environmental And Clinical Materials Using Novel Instrumentation Based On X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry : New Capabilities For Public Health Laboratories, Kathryn G. Mcintosh
Trace Element Analysis Of Environmental And Clinical Materials Using Novel Instrumentation Based On X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry : New Capabilities For Public Health Laboratories, Kathryn G. Mcintosh
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is a well-established analytical technique for determining the elemental content of many different materials. XRF has long been used for public health applications, particularly for identifying lead-based paint hazards. The primary advantage of XRF over other atomic spectrometric techniques is that it is nondestructive. In addition, little sample preparation is required, so results are obtained rapidly and at low cost. The principal aim of this study was to characterize the utility and reliability of current XRF instrumentation for use in the environmental health sciences. Interest in the use of XRF for detecting lead in children's toys …