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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Impact Of Biochar Amendments On The Quality Of A Typical Midwestern Agricultural Soil, David A. Laird, Pierce Fleming, Dedrick D. Davis, Robert Horton, Baiqun Wang, Douglas L. Karlen
Impact Of Biochar Amendments On The Quality Of A Typical Midwestern Agricultural Soil, David A. Laird, Pierce Fleming, Dedrick D. Davis, Robert Horton, Baiqun Wang, Douglas L. Karlen
Douglas L Karlen
Biochar, a co-product of thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials into advanced biofuels, may be used as a soil amendment to enhance the sustainability of biomass harvesting. We investigated the impact of biochar amendments (0, 5, 10, and 20 g-biochar kg− 1 soil) on the quality of a Clarion soil (Mesic Typic Hapludolls), collected (0–15 cm) in Boone County, Iowa. Repacked soil columns were incubated for 500 days at 25 °C and 80% relative humidity. On week 12, 5 g of dried and ground swine manure was incorporated into the upper 3 cm of soil for half of the columns. Once …
Future Prospects For Corn As A Biofuel Crop, Kenneth J. Moore, Douglas L. Karlen, Kendall R. Lamkey
Future Prospects For Corn As A Biofuel Crop, Kenneth J. Moore, Douglas L. Karlen, Kendall R. Lamkey
Douglas L Karlen
Ethanol production from corn grain has increased signifi cantly during the past ten years in the US. This increase was driven by government policy guided by the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and embodied in the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit and other legislation created to promote a biofuels industry. As corn grain ethanol production approaches the target set out in the RFS, the industry is looking to develop capacity for producing advanced biofuels, primarily from agricultural wastes and dedicated energy crops. The residues remaining following corn harvest have been identifi ed as a voluminous and readily available feedstock for advanced …
Biochar Impact On Nutrient Leaching From A Midwestern Agricultural Soil, David Laird, Pierce Flemming, Baiqun Wang, Robert Horton, Douglas Karlen
Biochar Impact On Nutrient Leaching From A Midwestern Agricultural Soil, David Laird, Pierce Flemming, Baiqun Wang, Robert Horton, Douglas Karlen
Douglas L Karlen
Application of biochar to highly weathered tropical soils has been shown to enhance soil quality and decrease leaching of nutrients. Little, however, is known about the effects of biochar applications on temperate region soils. Our objective was to quantify the impact of biochar on leaching of plant nutrients following application of swine manure to a typical Midwestern agricultural soil. Repacked soil columns containing 0, 5, 10, and 20 g-biochar kg− 1-soil, with and without 5 g kg− 1 of dried swine manure were leached weekly for 45 weeks. Measurements showed a significant decrease in the total amount of N, P, …
Bauer Et Al 2019_Evaluating The Impacts Of Acp Management.Pdf, Sarah Bauer
Bauer Et Al 2019_Evaluating The Impacts Of Acp Management.Pdf, Sarah Bauer
Sarah Bauer
No abstract provided.
Crop Residues: The Rest Of The Story, Douglas L. Karlen, Rattan Lal, Ronald F. Follett, John M. Kimble, Jerry L. Hatfield, John A. Miranowski, Cynthia A. Cambardella, Andrew Manale, Robert P. Anex, Charles W. Rice
Crop Residues: The Rest Of The Story, Douglas L. Karlen, Rattan Lal, Ronald F. Follett, John M. Kimble, Jerry L. Hatfield, John A. Miranowski, Cynthia A. Cambardella, Andrew Manale, Robert P. Anex, Charles W. Rice
Douglas L Karlen
Synopsis In the February 15, 2009 issue of ES&T Strand and Benford argued that oceanic deposition of agricultural crop residues was a viable option for net carbon sequestration (43 [4], 1000−1007). In reviewing the calculations and bringing their experience to bear, Karlen et al. argue in this Viewpoint that crop residue oceanic permanent sequestration (CROPS) as envisioned by Strand and Benford will not work. They further propose alternative possibilities in agricultural methods to achieve a net decrease of CO2 emissions.
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas Karlen
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas Karlen
Douglas L Karlen
The short- and long-term effects on soil nutrient cycling, physical properties, and biological activity of striving for higher grain yields and removing crop residues for bio-fuels production must be understood to provide more quantitative crop and soil management guidelines. This study focuses on potassium (K) and sulfur (S) requirements of corn (Zea mays L.) grown for bioenergy feedstock production. Our objectives for 2008 were to: i) evaluate the performance of several S fertilizers, including liquid ammonium thiosulfate (12-0-0-26S), as S sources for corn grown in Iowa, and ii) establish a comprehensive tillage, nutrient management, crop residue removal, and cover crop …
C.V. - Wojciech Budzianowski, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
A Holistic Approach To Managing Microalgae For Biofuel Applications, Pau Loke Show
A Holistic Approach To Managing Microalgae For Biofuel Applications, Pau Loke Show
Pau Loke Show
No abstract provided.
Crop Residue Harvest Economics: An Iowa And North Dakota Case Study, David W. Archer, Douglas L. Karlen, Mark A. Liebig
Crop Residue Harvest Economics: An Iowa And North Dakota Case Study, David W. Archer, Douglas L. Karlen, Mark A. Liebig
Douglas L Karlen
Rigorous economic analyses are crucial for the successful launch of lignocellulosic bioenergy facilities in 2014 and beyond. Our objectives are to (1) introduce readers to a query tool developed to use data downloaded from the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) REAPnet for constructing enterprise budgets and (2) demonstrate the use of the query tool with REAPnet data from two field research sites (Ames, IA, and Mandan, ND) for evaluating short-term economic performance of various biofuel feedstock production strategies. Our results for both sites showed that short-term (<3 years) impacts on grain profitability were lower at lower average annual crop residue removal rates. However, it will be important to monitor longer term changes to see if grain profitability declines over time and if biomass harvest degrades soil resources. Analyses for Iowa showed short-term breakeven field-edge biomass prices of $26–$42Mg−1 among the most efficient strategies, while results for North Dakota showed breakeven prices …3>
Crop Residues, Douglas L. Karlen, David R. Huggins
Crop Residues, Douglas L. Karlen, David R. Huggins
Douglas L Karlen
Crop residues (e.g., corn stover and small grain straw) are sometimes excluded when discussing cellulosic energy crops per se, but because of the vast area upon which they are grown and their current role in the development of cellulosic energy systems, this chapter will review several important attributes of this “herbaceous” feedstock. Crop residues are potential feedstock sources for second-generation biofuel production. These materials, along with dedicated energy crops (e.g., switchgrass [Panicum virgatum L.], Miscanthus [Miscanthus × giganteus]), are considered to have greater potential for biofuel production than current first-generation feedstock (i.e., corn grain) [1–3]. Production of ethanol and other …
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Energy Feedstock Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Energy Feedstock Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen
Douglas L Karlen
The use of corn (Zea mays L.) as a bio-energy feedstock has attracted the attention of many producers. Recently, the focus has shifted from grain-based to cellulose-based ethanol production. In addition to biological conversion of corn stover to ethanol, thermal conversion (pyrolysis) of stover is being explored. Regardless of post-harvest processing, the short- and long-term effects of both increasing grain yields and removing stover on soil nutrient cycling, physical properties, and biological activity must be understood to ensure that soil productivity and ecosystem services are maintained. Our objectives for 2010 were to evaluate: (i) the use of surface or …
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen
Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen
Douglas L Karlen
Fast pyrolysis is optimized for production of bio-oil. Product yields are typically ~65% bio-oil, 20% biochar, 15% syngas.
Project Objective
To investigate N, P, K, and S dynamics in a comprehensive residue removal, tillage, and nutrient management study
Project Treatments
*Residue removal: 0, 50%, 90%
*Tillage: chisel plow, no-till
*Nutrient management: conventional (30K plants/A), high input (44K plants/A)
•Bio-char: 0, 4.32 tons/A, 8.25 tons/A
•Cover crops: annual, perennial
2009 Soil Test Levels
2009 Nutrient Management
Field Measurements
•Stand counts
•Whole-plant samples at V6
•Ear-leaf samples at mid-silk
•Grain yield and moisture
•Stover yield and moisture
•Grain and stover nutrient content
Nutrient Removal As A Function Of Corn Stover Cutting Height And Cob Harvest, Jane M. F. Johnson, Wally W. Wilhelm, Douglas L. Karlen, David W. Archer, Brian J. Wienhold, David T. Lightle, David Laird, John Baker, Tyson E. Ochsner, Jeff M. Novak, Ardell D. Halvorson, Francisco Arriaga, Nancy Barbour
Nutrient Removal As A Function Of Corn Stover Cutting Height And Cob Harvest, Jane M. F. Johnson, Wally W. Wilhelm, Douglas L. Karlen, David W. Archer, Brian J. Wienhold, David T. Lightle, David Laird, John Baker, Tyson E. Ochsner, Jeff M. Novak, Ardell D. Halvorson, Francisco Arriaga, Nancy Barbour
Douglas L Karlen
One-pass harvest equipment has been developed to collect corn (Zea mays L.) grain, stover, and cobs that can be used as bioenergy feedstock. Nutrients removed in these feedstocks have soil fertility implication and affect feedstock quality. The study objectives were to quantify nutrient concentrations and potential removal as a function of cutting height, plant organ, and physiological stage. Plant samples were collected in 10-cm increments at seven diverse geographic locations at two maturities and analyzed for multiple elements. At grain harvest, nutrient concentration averaged 5.5 gN kg−1, 0.5 gP kg−1, and 6.2 gK kg−1 …
Corn Stover Nutrient Removal Estimates For Central Iowa, Usa, Douglas Karlen, John Kovar, Stuart J. Birrell
Corn Stover Nutrient Removal Estimates For Central Iowa, Usa, Douglas Karlen, John Kovar, Stuart J. Birrell
Douglas L Karlen
One of the most frequent producer-asked questions to those persons striving to secure sustainable corn (Zea mays L.) stover feedstock supplies for Iowa’s new bioenergy conversion or other bio-product facilities is “what quantity of nutrients will be removed if I harvest my stover?” Our objective is to summarize six years of field research from central Iowa, U.S.A. where more than 600, 1.5 m2 samples were collected by hand and divided into four plant fractions: vegetative material from the ear shank upward (top), vegetative material from approximately 10 cm above the soil surface to just below the ear (bottom), cobs, and …
Comparative Kinetic Study Of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes And Magnetic Biochar For Removal Of Cd2+ Ions From Wastewater
Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya
We did a comparative study between functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (FMWCNTs), and magnetic biochar was carried out to determine the most efficient adsorbent to be employed in the Cd2+ ion removal. We optimized parameters such as agitation speed, contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage using design expert vrsion 6.08. The statistical analysis reveals that optimized condition for highest removal of Cd2+ are at pH 5.0, with dosage 1.0 g, agitation speed and contact time of 100 rpm and 90 minutes, respectively. For the initial concentration of 10mg/l, the removal efficiency of Cd2+ using FMWCNTs was 90% and and 82% of …
A Facile And Acid-Free Approach Towards The Preparation Of Sulphonated Multi-Walled Carbon As A Strong Protonic Acid Catalyst For Biodiesel Production, Eng-Poh Ng Dr.
Eng-Poh Ng
No abstract provided.
Environmental Policy Instruments And Policy Principles, Juergen H. Seufert, Brian Andrew
Environmental Policy Instruments And Policy Principles, Juergen H. Seufert, Brian Andrew
Juergen H. Seufert
In recent years the build-up of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere has been recognized as a major environmental problem which is likely to lead to global warming, with a range of negative long-term impacts upon the atmosphere of the planet (IPCC et al., 2001; The Allen Consulting Group Pty Ltd, 2006). There seems to be a consensus that urgent action is necessary to curb the build-up of carbon in the atmosphere but no global consensus on the urgency of the action required and the best way to deal with this problem (IPCC et al., 2007 ). In this paper …
Carbon Sequestration In Coal Measures Rocks, Ian Porter, Jae Dawes, Long Nghiem, Jim Somerville
Carbon Sequestration In Coal Measures Rocks, Ian Porter, Jae Dawes, Long Nghiem, Jim Somerville
Long D Nghiem
It is a widely held belief that anthropogenic addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere will lead to rapid climate change. It is also a widely held belief that the burning of fossil fuels for power generation is a major contributor to these anthropogenic additions, predominantly the emission of carbon dioxide and the consequential increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Irrespective of the cause and effect of the increased carbon dioxide levels it is in the interest of the coal mining industry to work with various partners to develop methods of reducing the rate of emission of carbon …
Agricultural Geo-Engineering; Past, Present & Future, Erich J. Knight Mr.
Agricultural Geo-Engineering; Past, Present & Future, Erich J. Knight Mr.
Erich J Knight Mr.
Historic hall marks of GHG emissions are reviewed, providing repeated demonstration of anthropogenic land use changes on climate forcing.
New Astrophysical and Paleoclimate concordance with extinction events demonstrating climate adaptation by prehistoric man.
A review of new research concerning Soil Carbon, Carboniferous Aerosols, extent of Pyrolytic-Carbon fraction in soil and the first survey of the extensive deep soil carbon sink.
How thermal conversion technologies can integrate and optimize the recycling of valuable nutrients while providing energy and building soil carbon.
New discoveries from the Advanced Spectrometry & Meta-Genomics studies in soil microbiology which demonstrate unaccounted for ecological services provided by …
Biochar An Alternate Option For Crop Residues And Solid, Mahalingam Govindaraj
Biochar An Alternate Option For Crop Residues And Solid, Mahalingam Govindaraj
Mahalingam Govindaraj
No abstract provided.
Overview Of Fuel Ethanol Production And Distillers Grains, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Overview Of Fuel Ethanol Production And Distillers Grains, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Modern societies face many challenges, including growing populations, increased demands for food, clothing, housing, consumer goods, and the concomitant raw materials required to produce all of these. Additionally, there is a growing need for energy, which is most easily met by use of fossil fuels (e.g., coal, natural gas, and petroleum). In 2008, the overall U.S. demand for energy was 99.3 x 1015 Btu (1.05 x 1014 MJ); 84% of this was supplied by fossil sources (U.S. EIA, 2009). Transportation fuels accounted for 28% of all energy consumed during this time, and nearly 97% of this came from fossil sources. …
Detection Of Biochar Components For Soil Fertility Using Thz-Tds, E M. Pogson, J Horvat, Roger A. Lewis, S D. Joseph
Detection Of Biochar Components For Soil Fertility Using Thz-Tds, E M. Pogson, J Horvat, Roger A. Lewis, S D. Joseph
Josip Horvat
Different forms of biochar can have greatly different properties as fertilisers, yet there is no effective screening method to distinguish them. Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy has been used to distinguish various biochars, including Sawdust char, BMC5 with lime char and Saligna char.
Overview Of Corn-Based Fuel Ethanol Coproducts: Production And Use, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Overview Of Corn-Based Fuel Ethanol Coproducts: Production And Use, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Modern societies face many challenges, including growing populations, increased demands for food, clothing, housing, consumer goods, and the raw materials required to produce all of these. Additionally, there is a growing need for energy, which is most easily met by use of fossil fuels (e.g., coal, natural gas, petroleum). For example, in 2008, the overall U.S. demand for energy was 99.3 x 1015 Btu (1.05 x 1014 MJ); 84% of this was supplied by fossil sources. Transportation fuels accounted for 28% of all energy consumed during this time, and nearly 97% of this came from fossil sources. Domestic production of …
The Regulation Of Climate Engineering, Jesse Reynolds
The Regulation Of Climate Engineering, Jesse Reynolds
Jesse Reynolds
Optimization Of Pyrolysis Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar
Optimization Of Pyrolysis Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar
Nor Kartini Binti Abu Bakar
In this study, pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) was investigated using a quartz fluidizedfixed bed reactor. The effects of various pyrolysis temperatures, particle sizes and heating rates on the yields of the products were investigated. The temperature of pyrolysis and heating rate were varied in the range of 300°C-700°C and 10°C-100°C min1, respectively. The particle size was varied in the range of<90, 91-106, 107-125 and 126-250 μm. The products obtained from pyrolysis of EFB were bio-oil, char and gas. Under the experimental conditions, the maximum bio-oil yield was 42% obtained at 500°C, with a heating rate of 100°C min 1 and a particle size of 91-1 06 μm. The maximum yield of char was 42%, obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 300°C, heating rate of 30°C min1 and particle size of 91-106 μm. Meanwhile, the optimum yield of gas was 46%, which could be achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 700°C, heating rate of3O°C min1 and particle size of 107-125 μm.