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Vertical Heat And Constituent Transport In The Mesopause Region By Dissipating Gravity Waves At Maui, Hawaii (20.7ºn), And Starfire Optical Range, New Mexico (35ºn), Alan Z. Liu, Chester S. Gardner
Vertical Heat And Constituent Transport In The Mesopause Region By Dissipating Gravity Waves At Maui, Hawaii (20.7ºn), And Starfire Optical Range, New Mexico (35ºn), Alan Z. Liu, Chester S. Gardner
Alan Z Liu
Vertical heat flux profiles induced by dissipating gravity waves in the mesopause region (85–100 km altitude) are derived from Na lidar measurements of winds and temperatures at Maui (20.7ºN, 156.3ºW), Hawaii, and compared with earlier results from Starfire Optical Range (SOR, 35.0ºN, 106.5ºW), New Mexico. The heat flux profile at SOR has a single downward maximum of 2.25 ± 0.3 K m/s at 88 km, while the profile at Maui has two downward maxima of 1.25 ± 0.5 K m/s and 1.40 ± 0.5 K m/s at 87 and 95 km, respectively. The common maximum below 90 km can be …
Seasonal Variations Of The Vertical Fluxes Of Heat And Horizontal Momentum In The Mesopause Region At Starfire Optical Range, New Mexico, Chester S. Gardner, Alan Z. Liu
Seasonal Variations Of The Vertical Fluxes Of Heat And Horizontal Momentum In The Mesopause Region At Starfire Optical Range, New Mexico, Chester S. Gardner, Alan Z. Liu
Alan Z Liu
Lidar observations of wind and temperature profiles between 85 and 100 km, conducted at the Starfire Optical Range (SOR), New Mexico, are used to characterize the seasonal variations of the vertical fluxes of heat and horizontal momentum and their relationships to gravity wave activity in this region. The wind and temperature variances exhibit strong 6-month oscillations with maxima during the summer and winter that are about 3 times larger than the spring and fall minima. The vertical heat flux also exhibits strong 6-month oscillations with maximum downward flux during winter and summer. The downward heat flux peaks near 88 km …
Liquid Immersion Cooling Of A Longitudinal Array Of Discrete Heat Sources In Protruding Substrates: Ii—Forced Convection Boiling, Theodore J. Heindel, S. Ramadhyani, F. P. Incropera
Liquid Immersion Cooling Of A Longitudinal Array Of Discrete Heat Sources In Protruding Substrates: Ii—Forced Convection Boiling, Theodore J. Heindel, S. Ramadhyani, F. P. Incropera
Theodore J. Heindel
Forced convection boiling experiments have been performed for an in-line 1 x 10 array of discrete heat sources, flush mounted to protruding substrates located on the bottom wall of a horizontal flow channel. FC-72, a dielectric fluorocarbon liquid, was used as the heat transfer fluid, and the experiments covered a range of flow velocities, degrees of fluid subcooling, and channel heights. The maximum heater-to-heater surface temperature variation was less than 2.5°C and was insensitive to channel height under conditions of fully developed nucleate boiling. Although the fluid velocity influenced the heat flux for partially developed nucleate boiling, its influence was …