Digital Commons Network^™

When Pregnancy Is An Injury: Rape, Law, And Culture, Khiara M. Bridges

Khiara M Bridges

This Article examines criminal statutes that grade more severely sexual assaults that result in pregnancy. These laws, which define pregnancy as a “substantial bodily injury,” run directly counter to positive constructions of pregnancy within culture. The fact that the criminal law, in this instance, reflects this negative, subversive understanding of pregnancy creates the possibility that this idea may be received within culture as a construction of pregnancy that is as legitimate as positive understandings. In this way, these laws create possibilities for the reimagining of pregnancy within law and society. Moreover, these laws recall the argumentation that proponents of abortion …

Life In The Balance: Judicial Review Of Abortion Regulations, Khiara Bridges

Khiara M Bridges

Since the Supreme Court’s decision in Roe v. Wade, scholars have been preoccupied with the test that ought to be applied to abortion regulations. Debate has swirled around the question of whether laws that burden the abortion right should be reviewed with strict scrutiny, rational basis review, or some other multi-factor or categorical test and at what point during pregnancy these tests are appropriate. Moreover, since Planned Parenthood v. Casey, in which the Court replaced Roe’s trimester framework with the undue burden standard, commentators have questioned the propriety of this new test. This Article argues that the most important change …

Cognitive Relatives Yet Moral Strangers?, Judith Benz-Scharzberg, Andrew Knight

Andrew Knight, PhD

This article provides an empirically based, interdisciplinary approach to the following two questions: Do animals possess behavioral and cognitive characteristics such as culture, language, and a theory of mind? And if so, what are the implications, when long-standing criteria used to justify differences in moral consideration between humans and animals are no longer considered indisputable? One basic implication is that the psychological needs of captive animals should be adequately catered for. However, for species such as great apes and dolphins with whom we share major characteristics of personhood, welfare considerations alone may not suffice, and consideration of basic rights may …

A Comparative Study Of Individual Acceptance Of Instant Messaging In The Us And China: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Dahui Li, Patrick Y.K. Chau, Craig Van Slyke

Craig Van Slyke

The use of computer-mediated communication technology across different countries and cultures is under-investigated in information systems (IS) research. The measurement equivalence issue in cross-cultural IS studies has also not been addressed adequately. This study applies a rigorous structural equation modeling approach (SEM) to compare differences between two groups of college students in the United States and China, by adapting a research model that explains an individual’s use of Instant Messaging (IM). After achieving measurement equivalence across the two groups using SEM, we found that, in their behavioral intention to use IM, Chinese students paid more attention to the effect of …

Sex, Culture, And The Biology Of Rape: Toward Explanation And Prevention, Owen D. Jones

Owen Jones

For all that has been written about rape, its multiple causes remain insufficiently understood for law to deter it effectively. This follows, in part, from inadequately interdisciplinary study of rape causation. This Article argues that integrating life science and social science perspectives on sexual aggression can improve law's model of rape behavior, and further our efforts to reduce its incidence.

The Article first explains biobehavioral theories of sexual aggression, and offers a guide to common but avoidable errors in assessing them. It then compares a number of those theories' predictions with existing data and demonstrates how knowledge of the effects …

Intuitions Of Punishment, Owen D. Jones, Robert Kurzban

Owen Jones

Recent work reveals, contrary to wide-spread assumptions, remarkably high levels of agreement about how to rank order, by blameworthiness, wrongs that involve physical harms, takings of property, or deception in exchanges. In The Origins of Shared Intuitions of Justice (http://ssrn.com/abstract=952726) we proposed a new explanation for these unexpectedly high levels of agreement.

Elsewhere in this issue, Professors Braman, Kahan, and Hoffman offer a critique of our views, to which we reply here. Our reply clarifies a number of important issues, such as the interconnected roles that culture, variation, and evolutionary processes play in generating intuitions of punishment.

Influences Of Native American High School Students' Financial Knowledge And Behavior, Lorna Saboe-Wounded Head

Lorna Saboe-Wounded Head

The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify the relationship between culture, family socioeconomic status and community infrastructure to financial knowledge and behavior of Native American high school students in Montana, New Mexico, and South Dakota. A secondary analysis of survey data gathered in the 2008 Oweesta Jump$tart Study was analyzed by conducting an ANOVA comparison of means. The National Jump$tart survey was administered at high schools with a high population of Native American students in Montana, New Mexico and South Dakota. In the original study, questions were added to the survey instrument to collect demographic data. This dissertation …

People -- Marine Mammal Interactions, Andrew Butterworth, Mark P. Simmonds

Mark P. Simmonds, OBE

Our relationships with marine mammals are complex. We have used them as resources, and in some places this remains the case; viewed them as competitors and culled them (again ongoing in some localities); been so captivated and intrigued by them that we have taken them into captivity for our entertainment; and developed a lucrative eco-tourism activity focused on them in many nations. When we first envisaged this special topic, we had two overarching aims:

Firstly, we hoped to generate critical evaluation of some of our relationships with these animals.

Secondly, we hoped to attract knowledgeable commentators and experts who might …

Sexual Misconduct, Religion, And Culture, Alev Dudek

Alev Dudek

The Douban Online Social Media Barometer And The Chinese Reception Of Korean Popular Culture Flows, Brian Yecies, Jie Yang, Ae-Gyung Shim, Kai Ruo Soh, Matthew J. Berryman

Dr Brian Yecies

Since its launch in 2005, the Chinese online social networking site Douban has become a key platform for creating and sharing user-generated content on a rising tide of global popular culture. Such content and its corresponding user data has become so prolific that Western media outlets are now using Douban a key barometer for gauging representative opinions and attitudes towards foreign content in China. However, a full range of tools for harvesting and analyzing Chinese-language datasets has yet to be explored in English. This article attempts to fill this gap by investigating the applicability of an analytical framework that can …

Plastic Injuries, Anne Bloom

Anne Bloom

Perceptions of injuries are culturally mediated, mutable, plastic. In tort litigation, however, the cultural plasticity with which we perceive and experience injuries is often ignored. This Article explores the cultural plasticity with which we perceive injuries through the lens of plastic surgery litigation. It argues that determinations of injury in plastic surgery litigation turn on the culturally biased — and highly mutable — perceptions of medical professionals. More broadly, the Article argues that culture shapes perceptions of injuries in tort litigation as a whole. To make these points, the Article examines a prototypical plastic surgery case and surveys a range …

A Reflection Of Lingering In Nature.Pdf, Xinyue Deng

Xinyue Deng

Xinyuedeng-Thesis.Pdf, Xinyue Deng

Xinyue Deng

The Language-Game Of Privacy, Joshua A.T. Fairfield

Joshua A.T. Fairfield

A review of Ronald J. Krotoszynski, Jr., Privacy Revisited: A Global Perspective on the Right to Be Left Alone.

An Introduction To Police Operations And Methods: The Connection To Law And History, R. Alan Thompson, Anne Hudson

Anne Hudson

An Introduction to Police Operations and Methods: The Connection to Law and History textbook provides an overview of the complex and evolving role of police in a modern democratic society. Police officers are expected to respond to the demands of competing constituencies and resolve complex societal and individual problems. The invocation of the formal criminal justice system and the use of force to accomplish lawful objectives is sometimes required. In order to understand how and why the police operate as they do, the history of organized law enforcement is examined. Attention is given to the selection and training of qualified …

Gu 2018.Pdf, Chien-Juh Gu

Chien-Juh Gu

The Dark Side Of Creative Tourism: A Philosophical Dialogue With Culture, Babu P. George

Babu George

Enacting A Culture Of Peace: A Peace Education Guide For Adult Learners In Myanmar

Tatsushi Arai

The Ideology Of Human Rights, Makau Wa Mutua

Makau Mutua

This piece argues that although human rights is an ideology although it presents itself as non-ideological, non-partisan, and universal. It contends that the human rights corpus, taken as a whole, as a document of ideals and values, particularly the positive law of human rights, requires the construction of states to reflect the structures and values of governance that derive from Western liberalism, especially the contemporary variations of liberal democracy practiced in Western democracies. Viewed from this perspective, the human rights regime has serious and dramatic implications for questions of cultural diversity, the sovereignty of states, and the universality of human …

Social Institutions And Same-Sex Sexuality : Attitudes, Perceptions And Prospective Rights And Freedoms For Non-Heterosexuals, Padmore Adusei Amoah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi

Dr. AMOAH Padmore Adusei

Religious and cultural values have been used as a yardstick to disregard the rights and freedoms of people in non-normative sexual relationships in many African countries. However, little is known about the extent to which this assertion is empirically buttressed by public opinion in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. Employing in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion, this study sought public opinion on how religious and cultural precepts informed attitudes and perception on same-sex sexuality. Twenty people who were aged 19 to 60 years participated in the study. The phenomenon of same-sex sexuality was expressively distasteful to majority of participants …

Cross-Cultural Issues In Employee Performance And Talent Management In The Middle East, Aloma Jayasundera, Babu P. George

Babu George

Utilizing Participatory Action Research To Foster Effective Family/School Collaboration At An Urban Prek-8 Catholic School, David L. Shriberg, Ruth Schumacher, Kara C. Mcmahon, Sofia Flores, Gregory E. Moy, Joanna Swidzinski, Nicole A. Tompkins

David Shriberg

This paper describes a study focused on promoting culturally responsive collaboration practices at an urban preK-8 Catholic school. Using participatory action research (PAR) as its framework, a team of school stakeholders and university faculty and students from the psychology department partnered to create a participant driven data collection and analysis procedure that culminated in the implementation of a new communication mechanism judged by educators and parents to have led to significant improvements in family-school communications. Lessons learned from this experience, particularly as they relate to the use of PAR principles in an urban Catholic school, will be shared.

Preparing Early Childhood Professionals For The Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Classrooms And Communities Of Illinois, Amy J. Heineke, Adam S. Kennedy, Anna Lees

Adam Kennedy

Recent Illinois state policies call for mandatory preparation of early childhood educators to address the needs of the large and growing population of young English language learners. University-based early childhood teacher preparation programs across Illinois have responded by integrating content related to cultural and linguistic diversity into existing programs. The authors discuss research and professional literature in support of teacher preparation programs that emphasize field-based experience, particularly clinical experience in culturally and linguistically diverse schools and community organizations. They describe the comprehensive field-based teacher education program at Loyola University of Chicago that was redesigned to address current Illinois policies related …

National-Cultural Differences In Ethical Decision Making: A Comparison Between Oman And United States University Business Students, Candace Mehaffey-Kultgen, Babu P. George, Gregory Weisenborn

Babu George

Polymediated Narrative: The Case Of The Supernatural Episode "Fan Fiction", Art Herbig, Andrew F. Herrmann

Andrew F. Herrmann

Modern stories are the product of a recursive process influenced by elements of genre, outside content, medium, and more. These stories exist in a multitude of forms and are transmitted across multiple media. This article examines how those stories function as pieces of a broader narrative, as well as how that narrative acts as a world for the creation of stories. Through an examination of the polymediated nature of modern narratives, we explore the complicated nature of modern storytelling.

Women’S Perception And Attitude Towards Male Dominancy And Controlling Behaviors, Tazeen S. Ali, Noureen Karamali, Omer Malik

Tazeen Ali

Introduction/Background: The study was conducted in urban Karachi, Pakistan to investigate women’s perceptions and attitudes towards male dominancy, female autonomy, and controlling behavior of husbands. Method: This was investigated in a population based study with a cross-sectional design, involving married women aged 25 to 60 years. A Structured questionnaire developed by World Health Organisation (WHO) on violence was used. Community midwives interviewed these married women living in pre-selected low, middle and upper socio-economic areas of urban Karachi, Pakistan.Findings: This study revealed women’s overall perception regarding male dominancy and controlling behavior and highlighted this attitude, as being acceptable to women. It …

Three's The Charm In Michelin Ratings, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

For the pleasure, you'll pay $540 for a tasting meal at one Paris restaurant.

Interview With A First Generation Male Indian Immigrant, Lisa Roy-Davis

Lisa Roy-Davis

Male immigrant from India discusses his immigration to America for an advanced degree in engineering. He talks about his community involvement both in America and India. Also he relates how he feels the two countries are different in regard to culture, politics, and education.

Recognizing Moral Identity As A Cultural Construct, Fanli Jia, Tobias Krettenauer

Fanli Jia

Mountain Kingdom Extraordinaire, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

Bhutan: where marijuana grows on the roadsides and life is measured in Gross National Happiness.