Digital Commons Network^™

A ‘‘Practical’’ Ethic For Animals, David Fraser

David Fraser, PhD

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Drawing on the features of ‘‘practical philosophy’’ described by Toulmin (1990), a ‘‘practical’’ ethic for animals would be rooted in knowledge of how people affect animals, and would provide guidance on the diverse ethical concerns that arise. Human activities affect animals in four broad ways: (1) keeping animals, for example, on farms and as companions, (2) causing intentional harm to animals, for example through slaughter and hunting, (3) causing direct but unintended harm to animals, for example by cropping practices and vehicle collisions, and (4) harming animals indirectly by disturbing life-sustaining processes and balances of nature, for example by habitat …

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Ethical Issues In Dealing With An Online Reputation, Elizabeth V. Swenson

Elizabeth V. Swenson

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Clients who are satisfied or dissatisfied by the service they receive from their psychologists may write an online review for a site such as Yelp or Healthgrades. This article discusses how to respond and how not to respond when the review is negative. The Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2010) are cited to show important ethical issues. Vignettes illustrate each relevant standard, covering ethical mistakes that might easily be made.

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Basic Values And The Victim's State Of Mind, Meir Dan-Cohen

Meir Dan-Cohen

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No abstract provided.

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Sports And Entertainment Agents And Agent-Attorneys: Discourses And Conventions Concerning Crossing Jurisdictional And Professional Borders, David S. Caudill

David S Caudill

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Questions regarding the ethical obligations, pitfalls, and dilemmas facing attorneys who become sports or entertainment agents are not new. However, despite a substantial discourse on the topic, the sense persists that being both a lawyer and an agent is problematic. The applicable laws, including ethical regulations, seem to be clear, but are subject not only to law‟s usual jurisdictional variations and interpretive instability, but also to the mediation of conventions or tacit understandings that pervade the sports and entertainment industries.

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All Models Are Wrong; Some Models Are Harmful, David Hunt, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

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Gender As A Variable In Natural-Language Processing: Ethical Considerations, Brian N. Larson

Brian Larson

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Researchers and practitioners in naturallanguage processing (NLP) and related fields should attend to ethical principles in study design, ascription of categories/variables to study participants, and reporting of findings or results. This paper discusses theoretical and ethical frameworks for using gender as a variable in NLP studies and proposes four guidelines for researchers and practitioners. The principles outlined here should guide practitioners, researchers, and peer reviewers, and they may be applicable to other social categories, such as race, applied to human beings connected to NLP research.

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Efficient Ethical Rules For Volunteer's Dilemmas, Ted C. Bergstrom

Ted C Bergstrom

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National-Cultural Differences In Ethical Decision Making: A Comparison Between Oman And United States University Business Students, Candace Mehaffey-Kultgen, Babu P. George, Gregory Weisenborn

Babu George

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A Review Of The Institute Of Medicine’S Analysis Of Using Chimpanzees In Biomedical Research, Robert C. Jones, Ray Greek

Robert C. Jones, PhD

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We argue that the recommendations made by the Institute of Medicine’s 2011 report, Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Assessing the Necessity, are methodologically and ethically confused. We argue that a proper understanding of evolution and complexity theory in terms of the science and ethics of using chimpanzees in biomedical research would have had led the committee to recommend not merely limiting but eliminating the use of chimpanzees in biomedical research. Specifically, we argue that a proper understanding of the difference between the gross level of examination of species and examinations on finer levels can shed light on important methodological …

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Science, Sentience, And Animal Welfare, Robert C. Jones

Robert C. Jones, PhD

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I sketch briefly some of the more influential theories concerned with the moral status of nonhuman animals, highlighting their biological/physiological aspects. I then survey the most prominent empirical research on the physiological and cognitive capacities of nonhuman animals, focusing primarily on sentience, but looking also at a few other morally relevant capacities such as self-awareness, memory, and mindreading. Lastly, I discuss two examples of current animal welfare policy, namely, animals used in industrialized food production and in scientific research. I argue that even the most progressive current welfare policies lag behind, are ignorant of, or arbitrarily disregard the science on …

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Online Interviewing: It’S Not As Simple As Point And Click, Robin Cooper

Robin Cooper

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In Online Interviewing, Nalita James and Hugh Busher offer a thoughtful discussion of epistemological, methodological, and ethical considerations related to qualitative research in the online environment. They describe several forms of online interviews, as well as benefits and challenges associated with this form of research. The authors include practical tips for online researchers and examples from studies that employed online research methods.

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Professional Ethics For Educators: Perspectives Of Christian University Students On Proethica, Harvey L. Klamm, Samuel J. Smith, Stacey Bose

Samuel James Smith

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Why Animal Welfarism Continues To Fail, Lori Marino

Lori Marino, PhD

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Welfarism prioritizes human interests over the needs of nonhuman animals. Despite decades of welfare efforts other animals are mostly worse off than ever before, being subjected to increasingly invasive and harmful treatments, especially in the factory farming and biomedical research areas. A legal rights-based approach is essential in order for other animals to be protected from the varying ethical whims of our species.

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Beyond Obscenity: An Analysis Of Sexual Discourse In Lis Educational Texts, Heather Hill, Marni Harrington

Heather Hill

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Purpose

– This research seeks to discover the type of discourse encouraged around controversial materials, particularly those of a sexual nature, in LIS educational texts. Censorship and controversial materials are often issues addressed in the LIS literature, but even with ideals of neutrality it can be difficult to remain balanced on certain issues, particularly those dealing with sex.

Design/methodology/approach

– A content analysis of 85 LIS texts on collection development, reference, and intellectual freedom was completed using the following thematic elements: sex, pornography, erotica, curiosa, facetiae, obscenity, censorship, and controversial materials. Deeper analysis of individual definitions and usages was informed …

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Proethica: Advancing Teacher Candidate Ethics Assessment From Theory To Practice In Christian Contexts, Samuel J. Smith, Harvey Klamm, Stacey L. Bose

Samuel James Smith

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Daredevil: Legal (And Moral?) Vigilante, Stephen E. Henderson

Stephen E Henderson

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