Digital Commons Network^™

Image Segmentation Using An Annealed Hopfield Neural Network, Yungsik Kim, Sarah A. Rajala

Sarah A. Rajala

Good image segmentation can be achieved by finding the optimum solution to an appropriate energy function. A Hopfield neural network has been shown to solve complex optimization problems fast, but it only guarantees convergence to a local minimum of the optimization function. Alternatively, mean field annealing has been shown to reach the global or the nearly global optimum solution when solving optimization problems. Furthermore, it has been shown that there is a relationship between a Hopfield neural network and mean field annealing. In this paper, we combine the advantages of the Hopfield neural network and the mean field annealing algorithm …

Possible Applications Of Neural Nets To Power System Operation And Control, P. K. Kalra, Alok Srivastava, D. K. Chaturvedi

D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

Problems related to power system operation and control are complex and time consuming because of the non-linearities involved in their formulation and solution. Fast solutions to these problems can be obtained only through parallel processing. Neural nets provide massive parallel processing facilities and may also be used efficiently to model systems with non-linearities. The capabilities of neural nets can, therefore, be well utilized in modelling and processing problems related to power systems. In order to reduce the burden on computers, algorithms involving optimization and complex equations can be converted to heuristics. These heuristics can then be represented in terms of …

70. Obituary, Herman F. Mark, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Royal Institute Of Technology: Department Of Polymer Technology, Otto Vogl, Ann Christine Albertsson

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Segmentation-Based Texture Coding Algorithm For Packet Video: A Goal-Oriented Approach, Day-Fann Shen, Sarah A. Rajala

Sarah A. Rajala

The design of an image coder for packet-switched transmission is formulated as a minimization problem. A general set of design requirements is derived and used to design a segmentation-based texture coding algorithm. The segmentation process is performed on a pyramid data structure and uses the just noticeable difference (JND) of the human visual system as the merge criterion. To reduce the bit-rate while maintaining image quality, each region is classified as either texture or non-texture. Texture regions are approximated by a one-dimensional polynomial, while the non-texture regions are approximated by the region's mean intensity. A set of parameters for bit-rate/image …

Tracking Of Unresolved Targets In Infrared Imagery Using A Projection-Based Method, Jae-Ho Choi, Sarah A. Rajala

Sarah A. Rajala

The conventional two-dimensional Hough transform technique is generalized into a projection- based transform method by using the modified Radon transform for estimating a three- dimensional target tracks embedded in a time-sequential set of image frames. The target of concern are dim, unresolved point targets moving along straight paths across a same field of view. Since the target signal-to-noise is low and the spatial extend of the target is less than a pixel, one must rely on integration over a target track which span over many image frames. Instead of processing the entire 3-D data set, a set of projections are …

Segmentation-Based Motion Estimation And Residual Coding For Packet Video: A Goal-Oriented Approach, Day-Fann Shen, Sarah A. Rajala

Sarah A. Rajala

Image transmission via packet switched networks has a significant impact on encoded image data. To develop an efficient image codec for packet video, the goals of image coding are redefined and formulated as an optimization problem. Guided by these goals, a set of design requirements and a new segmentation based coding technique is developed. This approach features region based motion estimation, region based residual coding and region based single frame coding. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and a packet loss compensation algorithm is presented. As a result, good image quality at very low-bit rates can be achieved.

Polymer Science In Finland, Otto Vogl, Johan J. Lindberg, Franciska Sundholm

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

71. Otto Vogl, David A. Tirrell

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Written Contributions While At The Australian Road Research Board 1976-1992, Marcus R. Wigan

Marcus R Wigan

Iupac Conference On “New Polymers”, Kyoto, Japan, Otto Vogl, Yoshiki Chujo

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Second Pacific Polymer Conference In Otsu, Shiga, Japan, Otto Vogl, Tatsuki Kitayama, Koichi Hatada

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Visual Sensitivity To Color-Varying Stimuli, Sarah A. Rajala, H. Joel Trussell, B. Krishnakumar

Sarah A. Rajala

We present the results of a study of the sensitivity of the human visual system (HVS) to spatially varying color stimuli. Sinusoidal grating patterns of different spatial frequencies were presented to six observers and the contrast required to just distinguish the pattern from the surrounding uniform field was determined. Tables and curves of contrast (measured in ΔELab) as a function of frequency were generated at different values of; the orientation (horizontal, vertical and diagonal) of the pattern, the average luminance, the x and y chromaticity co-ordinates, and the direction of the variation of the stimulus in color space (luminance, red-green, …

The 33rd Iupac Congress, Budapest, August 17-22, 1991, Otto Vogl, Koichi Hatada

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Tenth International Symposium On Cationic Polymerization And Related Processes, Otto Vogl, Gyorgy Deak

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Discourse-Level Analysis Of Abstracts For Information Retrieval: A Probabilistic Approach, Robert N. Oddy

Robert Oddy

The objective of this research is to contribute to our knowledge of how people seek information, and how computer systems can be designed to help in this process. Most information retrieval research since the field emerged in the 1950's has reduced these questions to that of trying to determine how documents relevant to a user's query might be selected from a large collection of texts---a question that has proved remarkably difficult to answer. The present work takes the stance that this particular reduction increasingly limits progress towards the objective stated above. It is directed instead towards the development of a …

The Fokker–Planck Closure For Turbulent Molecular Mixing: Passive Scalars, Rodney O. Fox

Rodney O. Fox

A turbulent-molecular-mixing closure for passive scalar mixing is derived based on the theory of diffusion in layerlike lamellar structures. The closure is formulated in terms of the Fokker- Planck (FP) equation (or an equivalent stochastic differential equation), and is to be employed in conjunction with the probability density function (pdf) balance equation appearing in the pdf methods for modeling turbulent reactive flows. Like the mapping closure, the FP closure predicts a limiting Gaussian pdf for the passive scalar concentration in isotropic turbulence. In addition, the FP closure models the joint pdf of the scalar concentration and the scalar gradient and …

(100) Surface Segregation In Cu-Ni Alloys, H.Y. Wang, R. Najafabadi, D. J. Srolovitz, Richard Alan Lesar

Richard Alan Lesar

Atomistic simulations of segregation to the (100) free surface in Ni-Cu alloys have been performed for a wide range of temperatures and compositions within the solid-solution region of the alloy phase diagram. In addition to the surface-segregation profile, surface structures, free energies, enthalpies, and entropies were determined. These simulations were performed within the framework of the free-energy simulation method, in which an approximate free-energy functional is minimized with respect to atomic coordinates and atomic-site occupation. For all alloy bulk compositions (0.05≤C≤0.95) and temperatures (400≤T≤1000 K) examined, Cu segregates strongly to the surface and Ni segregates to the planes just below …

Spatial Variation Of A Short-Lived Intermediate Chemical Species In A Couette Reactor, R. Dennis Vigil, Q. Ouyang, Harry L. Swinney

R. Dennis Vigil

We have conducted experiments and simulations of the spatial variation of a short-lived intermediate species (triiodide) in the autocatalytic oxidation of arsenite by iodate in a reactor that is essentially one dimensional-the Couette reactor. (This reactor consists of two concentric cylinders with the inner one rotating and the outer one at rest; reagents are continuously fed and removed at each end in such a way that there is no net axial flux and there are opposing arsenite and iodate gradients.) The predictions ?f a one-dim~ns~onal . reaction-diffusion model which has no adjustable parameters, are In good qualItative (and, In some …

Pinski Et Al. Reply, F. J. Pinski, B. Ginatempo, Duane D. Johnson, J. B. Staunton, G. M. Stocks, B. L. Gyorffy

Duane D. Johnson

With our calculations [I], we uncovered the electronic mechanism responsible for inducing atomic short-range order (SRO) in the disordered solid solution of NiPt as it is cooled. Usually, but not always, SRO, whether derived theoretically or measured experimentally, indicates the nature of the long-rangeordered (LRO) state that will stabilize at low temperature. Our calculation of the atomic SRO, while agreeing with experiments [2], neglected the relativistic effects in the electronic structure. Lu, Wei, and Zunger (LWZ) [3,4], on the other hand, have calculated the L lo-ordered alloy formation energy and find that only when relativistic effects are included is the …

Gain Enhancement Of Dielectric Resonator Loaded Waveguide Antennas With Dielectric Overlays, M. Hakkak, Hossein Ameri Mahabadi

Hossein Ameri Mahabadi

The gain characteristics of a dielectric resonator loaded coaxial probe fed circular waveguide antenna (DRLWA) with overlaying parasitic discs have been investigated experimentally. Results indicate that, when properly spaced, the overlays can enhance the gain by more than 6 dB.

Liquid Immersion Cooling Of A Longitudinal Array Of Discrete Heat Sources In Protruding Substrates: Ii—Forced Convection Boiling, Theodore J. Heindel, S. Ramadhyani, F. P. Incropera

Theodore J. Heindel

Forced convection boiling experiments have been performed for an in-line 1 x 10 array of discrete heat sources, flush mounted to protruding substrates located on the bottom wall of a horizontal flow channel. FC-72, a dielectric fluorocarbon liquid, was used as the heat transfer fluid, and the experiments covered a range of flow velocities, degrees of fluid subcooling, and channel heights. The maximum heater-to-heater surface temperature variation was less than 2.5°C and was insensitive to channel height under conditions of fully developed nucleate boiling. Although the fluid velocity influenced the heat flux for partially developed nucleate boiling, its influence was …

Liquid Immersion Cooling Of A Longitudinal Array Of Discrete Heat Sources In Protruding Substrates: I—Single-Phase Convection, Theodore J. Heindel, F. P. Incropera, S. Ramadhyani

Theodore J. Heindel

Experiments have been performed using water and FC-77 to investigate heat transfer from an in-line 1 x 10 array of discrete heat sources, flush mounted to protruding substrates located on the bottom wall of a horizontal flow channel. The data encompass flow regimes ranging from mixed convection to laminar and turbulent forced convection. Buoyancy-induced secondary flows enhanced heat transfer at downstream heater locations and provided heat transfer coefficients comparable to upstream values. Upstream heating extended enhancement on the downstream heaters to larger Reynolds numbers. Higher Prandtl number fluids also extended heat transfer enhancement to larger Reynolds numbers, while a reduction …

Tem Observations Of The Mechanism Of Delamination Of Chromium Films From Silicon Substrates, D. Goyal, Alexander H. King

Alexander H. King

We have observed the complete delamination of polycrystalline chromium films from single crystal silicon substrates during deposition due to the formation of high internal stresses. These intrinsic stresses can give rise to interfacial defects which assist in the separation of the film from the substrate. Stresses in the film are balanced by stresses in the substrate, which cause mechanical failure in the substrate near the interface. Extensive arrays of dislocations and cracking of the substrate have been observed. We find that the delamination of the films from the substrate is initiated by the formation of damage in the substrate, rather …

Effect Of Co2 On The Processing Of Y-Ba-Cu-O Superconductors, C. Zhang, Guna S. Selvaduray

Guna S. Selvaduray

The superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O6+x reacted with various known ratios of O2/CO2 gas mixtures during sintering at different temperatures were studied. Jc was found to decrease drastically upon reaction with CO2, becoming zero at certain CO2 activities. The stability region for the 123 superconductor, as a function of CO2 activity and temperature, was empirically formulated as follows: log pCO2 < (−45,000)/T + 33.4. The grain boundaries in sintered samples with Jc = 0 were investigated with HRTEM in conjunction with EDS. Two distinct types of grain boundaries were observed. Approximately 10% of the grain boundaries were wet by a thin layer of a second phase, deduced to be BaCuO2. The remaining boundaries were sharp grain boundaries. The grain structure near the sharp grain boundaries was tetragonal. These two types of grain boundaries are thought to be responsible for Jc being zero.

5 Best Must Know Tips To Protect Your Children Online Privacy.Docx, George G

George G

Bulk Density Of A Sandy Loam: Traffic, Tillage, And Irrigation-Method Effects, Burl D. Meek, Eric A. Rechel, Lyle M. Carter, William R. Detar

William R DeTar

Modern crop production creates a cycle between soil compaction caused by traffic and alleviation of this condition by tillage or natural processes such as freezing and thawing. The objective of this study was to evaluate important management practices as they relate to changes in bulk density of a tilled sandy loam soil. Practices evaluated were irrigation method, time between tillage and traffic, tire pressure and wheel load of applied traffic, and controlled traffic. Relationships among bulk density, penetration resistance, and infiltration rate were determined. Experiments were conducted in the San Joaquin Valley of California, on a sandy loam soil (Entisol) …

Real-Time Irrigation Scheduling Of Cotton With An Automated Pan Evaporation System, Claude J. Phene, William R. Detar, David A. Clark

William R DeTar

High frequency irrigation control necessitates real-time

monitoring of soil water, plant water status or atmospheric

evaporative demand. The research objective was to

determine the suitability of real-time control of subsurface

drip irrigation using automated evaporation pan

measurements.

Hourly electronic measurement of water loss from an

evaporation pan was a critical feedback control element in

the irrigation scheduling of a high frequency subsurface

drip system (SDI) used to irrigate cotton. The water level

in the class "A" pan was monitored continuously using a

micrologger to measure the output of the electronic water

level sensor. The crop water needs were calculated by …

Micro And Macromorphology Of Recycled Fiber And Wood, Douglas D. Stokke

Douglas D. Stokke

Wood is a major industrial raw material, with U.S. consumption approaching that of aluminum, plastics, cement, and steel combined. Partially as a result of the magnitude of wood and wood products in use, these products constitute a substantial portion of the solid waste stream. In order to reduce the amount of wood and wood fiber disposed in landfills, efforts to recycle these materials into useful products such as structural composites are needed. The success of such conversion depends in part on knowledge of the morphological characteristics of various sources of secondary wood and wood fibers, and the influence of wood …

Stochastic Modeling Of Turbulent Reacting Flows, Rodney O. Fox, J. C. Hill, F. Gao, R. D. Moser, M. M. Rogers

Rodney O. Fox

Direct numerical simulations of a single-step irreversible chemical reaction with non-premixed reactants in forced isotropic turbulence at Rx = 63, Da = 4.0, and Sc = 0.7 were made using 128 Fourier modes to obtain joint pdfs and other statistical information to parameterize and test a Fokker-Planck turbulent mixing model. Preliminary results indicate that the modeled gradient stretching term for an inert scalar is independent of the initial conditions of the scalar field. The conditional pdf of scalar gradient magnitudes is found to be a function of the scalar until the reaction is largely completed. Alignment of concentration gradients with …