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S Corporation Current Developments, Annette M. Nellen, S. S. Karlinsky

Annette M. Nellen

No abstract provided.

Can The Kindergarten Diagnostic Instrument Be Used To Identify Children Who Will Qualify For A Reading Intervention Program?, John Fraas, Cynthia Frick

John W. Fraas

No abstract provided.

Analyzing Performance Skewness In Public Agencies: The Case Of Urban Mass Transit, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

Previous studies of public organizational performance have focused mostly on operating efficiency, without dealing with the complex accountability problems associated with plural public interests. The fact that an agency exhibits multiple and often paradoxical performances has not been of comparable concern. This failure to account for performance in a multiple-constituencies context has led to a narrow view of how well agencies do. To broaden the research on agency performance, a multiple-constituencies model is introduced and tested for statistically significant variances. The findings confirm the model's robustness in structuring a dependent variable for empirical research on why agencies perform toward different …

Trends In Foreign Direct Investment, Karl P. Sauvant

Karl P. Sauvant

No abstract provided.

A Binomial Test Of Model Fit, John Fraas, Isadore Newman

John W. Fraas

No abstract provided.

Separate, But Not Equal: Racial Segmentation In Cigarette Advertising, Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.

High Profile Athlete Endorsements Vs Doping In Sports, Yanni D. Afthinos, Terry Furst

Yanni D Afthinos

No abstract provided.

From Libertarianism To Egalitarianism, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

A standard natural rights argument for libertarianism is based on the labor theory of property: the idea that I own my self and my labor, and so if I "mix" my own labor with something previously unowned or to which I have a have a right, I come to own the thing with which I have mixed by labor. This initially intuitively attractive idea is at the basis of the theories of property and the role of government of John Locke and Robert Nozick. Locke saw and Nozick agreed that fairness to others requires a proviso: that I leave "enough …

Gender And The Relationship Between Perceived Fairness Of Pay/Promotion And Job Satisfaction

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Strikes And Holdouts In Wage Bargaining: Theory And Data, Peter Cramton, Joseph Tracy

Peter Cramton

We develop a private-information model of union contract negotiations in which disputes signal a firm’s willingness to pay. Previous models have assumed that all labor disputes take the form of a strike. Yet a prominent feature of U.S. collective bargaining is the holdout: negotiations often continue without a strike after the contract has expired. Production continues with workers paid according to the expired contract. We analyze the union’s decision to strike or hold out and highlight its importance to strike activity. Strikes are more likely to occur after a drop in the real wage or a decline in unemployment.

Strategic Delay In Bargaining With Two-Sided Uncertainty, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

The role of strategic delay is analyzed in an infinite-horizon alternating-offer model of bargaining. A buyer and seller are engaged in the trade of a single object. Both bargainers have private information about their own preferences and are impatient in that delaying agreement is costly. An equilibrium is constructed in which the bargainers signal the strength of their bargaining positions by delaying prior to making an offer. A bargainer expecting large gains from trade is more impatient than one expecting small gains, and hence makes concessions earlier on. Trade occurs whenever gains from trade exist, but due to the private …

Nonparametric Event Study Tests, Arnold R. Cowan

Arnold R. Cowan

This paper provides the first documentation of the power and specification of the generalized sign test, which is based on the percentage of positive abnormal returns in an estimation period. In simulations using daily stock return data, the generalized sign test is well specified with both exchange listed and Nasdaq stocks. A rank test is more powerful under ideal conditions. However, the rank test is more sensitive to increases in the length of the event window, to increases in return variance and to thin trading. The generalized sign test is a viable alternative to the rank test under these conditions.

The Reviewing Of Object Files: Object-Specific Integration Of Information, Daniel Kahneman, Anne Treisman, Brian Gibbs

Brian J. Gibbs

A series of experiments explored a form of object-specific priming. In all experiments a preview field containing two or more letters is followed by a target letter that is to be named. The displays are designed to produce a perceptual interpretation of the target as a new state of an object that reviously contained one of the primes. The link is produced in different experiments by a shared location, by a shared relative position in a moving pattern, or by successive appearance in the same moving frame. An object-specific advantage is consistently observed: naming is facilitated by a preview of …

Modernizing Small Manufacturers In Japan: The Role Of Local Public Technology Centers, Philip Shapira

Philip Shapira

Having Friends In High Places: The Effects Of Structural Characteristics Of Mentoring Dyads On Protégé Career Outcomes, Terri A. Scandura Phd, Chester A. Schriesheim

Terri A. Scandura

Three structural characteristics of mentoring dyads (the mentor’s hierarchical level, duration of the mentoring relationship, and how long the protégé has been without a mentor) were proposed as having main and possibly interactive effects with three mentoring functions (social support, career coaching, and role modeling) on five protégé outcome variables (career expectations, commitment to the firm, number of hours worked during peak season, number of direct reports supervised, and current annual salary). Data from a sample of Certified Public Accountants (CPAs; N=786) were employed to first assess the distinctiveness of the proposed three mentoring functions by maximum likelihood confirmatory factor …

A Class Of Direct Search Methods For Nonlinear Integer Programming, Stephen J. Sugden

Stephen Sugden

This work extends recent research in the development of a number of direct search methods in nonlinear integer programming. The various algorithms use an extension of the well-known FORTRAN MINOS code of Murtagh and Saunders as a starting point. MINOS is capable of solving quite large problems in which the objective function is nonlinear and the constraints linear. The original MINOS code has been extended in various ways by Murtagh, Saunders and co-workers since the original 1978 landmark paper. Extensions have dealt with methods to handle both nonlinear constraints, most notably MINOS/AUGMENTED and integer requirements on a subset of the …

Specialization And Size Of Technological Activities In Industrial Countries: The Analysis Of Patent Data, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi

Mario Pianta

The determinants and directton of the technological specialization of advanced countries are investtgated in thus paper using patent counts and citations as technology indicators.

The Evolutionary Development Of A Scanlon Plan, S E. Markham, Dow Scott, W G. Cox

Dow Scott

Xaloy Inc.'s (Pulaski, Virginia) experiences in implementing a Scanlon Plan - a specific form of gainsharing - are traced. This evolution, which spanned 7 years, is explained in terms of what was done at each step, the reasons for each step, and the outcomes. It starts with the laying of the foundation of the plan in 1984 to 1985 through the exploration and development of the plan, from 1985 to 1986, and through 2 trial periods, from 1986 to 1989. From this experience, it is condluded that the design and implementation of a Scanlon Plan is based on incremental improvements. …

National Gainsharing Study: The Importance Of Industry Differences, S E. Markham, Dow Scott, B L. Little

Dow Scott

This survey of gainsharing plans across industries leads to the conclusion that there are major differences in the degree to which gainsharing is used in various sectors of the U.S. economy.

Gainsharing Experiment In Health Care, S E. Markham, B L. Little, Dow Scott

Dow Scott

While gainsharing in the hospital industry is in its infancy, the successful experiments reported here may stimulate others in the industry to try this approach to improving services and increasing productivity.