Digital Commons Network^™

Implementing Ethics Into Artificial Intelligence: A Contribution, From A Legal Perspective, To The Development Of An Ai Governance Regime, Axel Walz, Kay Firth-Butterfield

Duke Law & Technology Review

The increasing use of AI and autonomous systems will have revolutionary impacts on society. Despite many benefits, AI and autonomous systems involve considerable risks that need to be managed. Minimizing these risks will emphasize the respective benefits while at the same time protecting the ethical values defined by fundamental rights and basic constitutional principles, thereby preserving a human centric society. This Article advocates for the need to conduct in-depth risk-benefit-assessments with regard to the use of AI and autonomous systems. This Article points out major concerns in relation to AI and autonomous systems such as likely job losses, causation of …

Foreign Direct Investments Into Fintech And Blockchain Technology Startups In Latin America, Y. Tatiana Clavijo, Hernán Pantaleón

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

Technology is changing our everyday lives at a faster rate every minute from artificial intelligence and medical advances in robotics to the upcoming self-driving cars. Every sector of our lives is being impacted, disrupted, and constantly altered by innovations, including our finances. In the developed markets, fintech, or financial technology, is the new and exciting area of product innovation for financial services. The innovations rely on the internet, blockchain technology, and the new and highly controversial digital currencies. Consequently, new digital platforms and mobile applications create new possibilities while being accessible to more people at a lower cost across borders. …

Review Of Learner-Centered Pedagogy: Principles And Practice, Kayla Harris

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

Learner-Centered Pedagogy: Principles and Practice combines theory and application to explain why “who we are as people matters” in regards to learning. Although the text is written for instructional librarians teaching information literacy, the scenarios are easily adapted to a special collections context, making this a key text for any archivist, especially those with responsibilities for outreach or instruction.

Using Technology The Founders Never Dreamed Of: Cell Phones As Tracking Devices And The Fourth Amendment, R. Craig Curtis, Michael C. Gizzi, Michael J. Kittleson

University of Denver Criminal Law Review

No abstract provided.

Too Hard To Find With Too Little Time: What School Social Workers Want In Online Resources For Evidence-Based Practice, Michele Patak-Pietrafesa, Natasha K. Bowen, Ashley E. Stewart, Michael S. Kelly

International Journal of School Social Work

School mental health practitioners, including social workers, are mandated through federal, state, and professional entities to provide evidence-based practices to students. Nevertheless, rates of use of evidence-based practices among mental health professionals in schools remain low, even as knowledge about effective practices increases. This study aimed to further knowledge about how to promote and support the use of evidence-based practices among school practitioners using online technology. School social workers attending a summer professional development event took part in focus groups exploring (a) their current perceptions of evidence-based practices, (b) their experiences finding evidence-based practice information online, and (c) their preferences …

Problems Of The State Of The Rolling Surface Of The Rail Head On Speed And High-Speed Railway Sections Of Jsc "Uzbekistan Temir Yollari", Kuvandik Saginovich Lesov, Igor Ivanovich Kuznetsov, Mukhamedali Kazbek Ugli Kenjaliev, Xushnudbek Odilbekovich Samandarov

Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers

In the process of train traffic on the rolling surface of the rail head are formed bumps and fatigue defects, constant dynamic loads lead to the frustration the upper structure of the path. In this article the analyzes integral indicators of the rolling surface of the rails (long waves, medium waves, short waves) on the section of speed and high-speed train traffic for assess the condition of rails in transit. Problems with the formation of wave-like irregularities on the surface of the rails are identified, promising directions in solving this problem are indicated.

The Fundamental Right To Technology, Haochen Sun

Hofstra Law Review

Waves of technological progress in recent decades have tremendously improved quality of life. Meanwhile, concerns about technology-driven injustices, such as unfair distribution of wealth and racial discrimination, have deepened. Experts have cautioned that new technologies could have potentially devastating effects, claiming for instance that artificial intelligence may lead to World War III. We are at a crossroads, and how we harness technology now will determine the future of humanity.

This Article presents a thought experiment, proposing that a new fundamental right to technology be recognized under the U.S. Constitution. Given that technology is of fundamental importance to human dignity and …

Preparing 21st Century Counselors And Healthcare Professionals: Examining Technology Competency And Interprofessional Education Comfort, Kaprea F. Johnson

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Healthcare professionals are expected to work in interprofessional teams while also communicating distantly with these team members through telehealth platforms to improve patient care. This study sought to understand how comfort with technology, interprofessional education, and collaboration was perceived by graduate students in counseling, dental hygiene, nursing, and physical therapy. A quantitative investigation with N=111 students resulted in comfort with technology among all groups but there were significant differences among the allied health professions regarding positive professional identity and willingness to engage in teamwork and collaboration. The data revealed that both preparation, rationale for interprofessional work, and placement of interprofessional …

Broadening The Stem Identity, Sarah Moss

The Voice

No abstract provided.

Hardware, Heartware, Or Nightmare: Smart-City Technology And The Concomitant Erosion Of Privacy, Leila Lawlor

Journal of Comparative Urban Law and Policy

Smart city technology is being adopted in cities all around the world to simplify our lives, save us time, ease traffic, improve education, reduce energy usage and keep us safe. This article discusses smart city projects being utilized in crime prevention and investigations. Specifically, this article highlights examples of gunshot detection devices and surveillance that have led to improvements in public safety in Cape Town, Chicago and Atlanta, and discusses their impacts to privacy.

The Causal Relationships In The Management Process Of Cement Production, Alishev Sh., Ortikov Z.

Problems of Architecture and Construction

In the article on the basis of cause-effect relationships in cement, which are both direct and reverse in nature, it is revealed that the compressive strength of concrete largely depends on the reactivity of the anhydrous compounds obtained during firing, the fineness of grinding, the amount of free lime and other oxides, as well as a great influence on the quality of cement has a fine grinding of raw materials. Results of calculation of standard deviations. The models are obtained on the basis of the results of chemical analysis and individual expressive data of physical and mechanical character, on the …

Technology In University Physical Activity Courses: A Mini-Ethnographic Case Study, Dannon G. Cox, Jennifer M. Krause, Mark A. Smith

The Qualitative Report

As younger generations become increasingly reliant on technology, higher educational institutions must continually attempt to stay with or ahead of the curve to foster 21st century teaching and learning. College and university physical activity courses (PACs) are encouraged to incorporate technology for effective pedagogical practices. No qualitative research has specifically examined the culture of PACs instructors’ attitudes and experiences with technology as a pedagogical tool. A mini-ethnographic case study explored the use of technology among seven graduate teaching assistants who shared their pedagogical experiences, teaching practices, and perceptions of technology within PACs. Using an interpretive phenomenological analysis, composite narrative accounts …

Development Of Technological Process Iodine-Dextrin Capsules, Agavni Valeryevna Ginosyan

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The production technology of a diagnostic agent for determining iodine deficiency has been developed. Established regulatory specifications for the iodine-dextrin capsules, to control the quality of the product. It can be assumed that these capsules, due to the higher bioavailability of iodine-dextrin complexes, may be a better diagnostic tool than the currently used iodine preparations.

Approbation Of The Process Of Producing Thermophosphate Fertilizers From The Low-Grade Phosphorites Of The Central Kyzlkum, Tulkin Isamurodovich Nurmurodov, Mirsoat Parmonovich Turaev, Bahrom Khayrievich Kucharov, Zakir Kalandarovich Tairov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

It was shown the possibility of thermal alkaline fertilizers, and a technological scheme has been proposed, and the material balance of the process has been calculated. The process of obtaining thermophosphate fertilizers on a laboratory model tool has been approved. The results of agrochemical studies are given and calculations are made on the economic efficiency of processing and using thermophosphates, which showed the expediency of organizing the production of new types of fertilizers from poor phosphorite ores in Central Kyzylkum.

Use Of The Microsilica In The Technology Silicon And Ferrosilicon, Mirtemir Shodievich Kurbanov, Ulugbek Mamirjonovich Nuraliev, Saidislam Saidgazievich Kurbanov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The results of research on the use and return technogenic microsilica into the process of producing silicon metal and ferrosilicon are presented. The chemical composition and granulometric structure, physical and mechanical properties of microsilica and the possibility of preparing briquetted charge on its basis are studied. The results of melting silicon and ferrosilicon in an electric furnace obtained by using microsilica are presented.

The Noisy "Silent Witness": The Misperception And Misuse Of Criminal Video Evidence, Aaron M. Williams

Indiana Law Journal

This Note examines recent developments in the research of situational video evidence biases. Part I examines the current and growing body of psychological research into the various situational biases that can affect the reliability of video evidence and the gaps in this research that require further attention from researchers and legal academics. Because these biases do not “operate in a vacuum,” Part I also examines some of the recent and exciting research into the interaction between situational and dispositional biases. Part II examines the development of camera and video processing technology and its limitations as a means of mitigating such …

Strive To Survive: The Redbox Example, Jake N. Conlin

Marriott Student Review

As technology continues to progress, companies can either adapt with technology or die. Advancements in technology should be used to better satisfy consumers. Companies that refuse to update their technology will not be able to survive in the future. Each company must make the most of its current technology, utilize new technology, and notify its customers of changes in its use of technology. Redbox finds itself at the crossroads of adapting or dying. Redbox can apply these three steps by milking its existing disc rental market, making the move to streaming, and marketing the new streaming service to consumers.

Empathy In Danger: Book Review Of Reclaiming Conversation By Sherry Turkle, Orsolya Kolozsvari Dr.

The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology

No abstract, as it is a book review.

When "Things" Go Wrong: Redefining Liability For The Internet Of Medical Things, Bethany A. Corbin

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Protecting Consumers As Sellers, Jim Hawkins

Indiana Law Journal

When the majority of modern contract and consumer protection laws were written in the 1950s, ’60s, and ’70s, consumers almost always acted as buyers, and businesses almost always acted as sellers. As a result, these laws reflect a model of strong sellers and weak buyers. But paradigms are shifting. Advances in technology and constraints on consumers’ financial lives have pushed consumers into new roles. Consumers today often act as sellers—hawking gold to make ends meet, peddling durable goods on eBay, or offering services in the sharing economy to make a profit. Consumers and business models have changed, but the laws …

Bitcoin: Order Without Law In The Digital Age, John O. Mcginnis, Kyle Roche

Indiana Law Journal

Modern law makes currency a creature of the state and ultimately the value of its currency depends on the public’s trust in that state. While some nations are more capable than others at instilling public trust in the stability of their monetary institutions, it is nonetheless impossible for any legal system to make the pre-commitments necessary to completely isolate the governance of its money supply from political pressure. This proposition is true not only today, where nearly all government institutions manage their money supply in the form of central banking, but also true of past private banking regimes circulating their …

From The Myth Of Babel To Google Translate: Confronting Malicious Use Of Artificial Intelligence—Copyright And Algorithmic Biases In Online Translation Systems, Shlomit Yanisky-Ravid, Cynthia Martens

Seattle University Law Review

Many of us rely on Google Translate and other Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI) online translation daily for personal or commercial use. These AI systems have become ubiquitous and are poised to revolutionize human communication across the globe. Promising increased fluency across cultures by breaking down linguistic barriers and promoting cross-cultural relationships in a way that many civilizations have historically sought and struggled to achieve, AI translation affords users the means to turn any text—from phrases to books—into cognizable expression. This Article discusses the burgeoning possibilities in the 3A Era (Advanced, Autonomous, AI systems) of AI online translation as …

Planning Science And Technology: Working Out And Implementing The Long-Term Program For Developing Sciences And Technology From 1956 To 1967, Zhang Jiuchun, Zhang Baichun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In 1956, Chinese State Council launched the "Long-term Program for Developping Sciences and Technology from 1956 to 1967" according to the goals identified in the Communist Party's general policy for the transition period. The framers of the program proposed the principle of "letting tasks lead diciplines" as an effective policy model for planning science and technology. The 12-Year Program consists of 57 research tasks, among which 6 urgent projects such as the nuclear weapon, the missile, computing technology, semiconductor technology, radio electronics, and automatic and long-distance control technology were given high priority. In order to formulate and realize the program, …

Chinese Academy Of Sciences And Project Of "Two Bombs, One Satellite", Liu Yanqiong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

During the process of developing nuclear bombs, missiles, and satellites (1955-1970), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) undertook a large number of scientific and technological tasks, and was responsible for the overall technology of the satellite system, completed the development of the satellite, and established the ground measurement and control system. CAS has made great contributions to China's "two bombs and one satellite" project.

The Historical Impossibility Of A Post-Truth Society, Diego Han

The Liminal: Interdisciplinary Journal of Technology in Education

Since 2016 the notions of post-truth and fake news have been playing an important role in the world's social and political life. They developed with the political victories of Donald Trump and Nigel Farage. However, what would have happened if they had lost their political gamble? Would be still talking about post-truth and fake news? In this Op-ed, I claim that these two concepts have only political value. Furthermore, through a short reasoning, I use a historical perspective to prove how biased and vague these two notions are and how wrong the approach of calling them so is.

Using Apple Watch To Increase Behavior Specific Praise And Promote A Positive Learning Environment, Andrew M. Markelz, Benjamin S. Riden

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Effective classroom management is pivotal in special education teachers’ successful interactions with students who frequently engage in inappropriate and undesirable behaviors. One evidence-based strategy to promote positive social and academic outcomes is behavior specific praise (BSP). Yet, regardless of the evidential benefits of BSP, teachers continue to use low rates of praise because frequent student disruptions and general off-task behaviors reinforce teachers to reprimand. Apple Watch is at the forefront of a growing wearable industry and is increasingly common on special education teachers’ wrists. With the assistance of a publicly available application (app), the Apple Watch easily becomes a tactile …

Supporting Student Knowledge Using Formative Assessment And Universal Design For Learning Expression, Lisa A. Finnegan, Katie M. Miller, Kathleen M. Randolph, Kristina D. Bielskus-Barone

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

This article demonstrates an approach for teachers to use outcomes from activities using the universal design for learning expression principle to evaluate student knowledge in content areas. Based on the student’s level of explanation using a variety of expression methods, teachers can determine whether students need additional support for re-teaching a concept or whether students are ready for additional practice or challenge. Various levels of technology can be used for formatively assessing student understanding, from no technology (e.g., paper and pencil) to mid- or high-technology tools found in most classrooms, including computers and tablets.

Infusing Technology Throughout Teacher Preparation Programs To Support Preservice Teacher Development, Aftynne E. Cheek, Whitney A. Idol, Jennie L. Jones, Kara B. Holden

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Teacher preparation programs must be systematic in the way they teach content and pedagogy while providing preservice teachers the tools they need to both be successful and want to stay in the field. Reports such as the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE, 2010) Blue Ribbon Panel report call for teacher preparation programs to use technology to support preservice teacher development of best practice. However, research indicates that there is a disconnect between what is expected of preservice teachers and the way they are taught, especially in the area of technology (Barak, 2017). In an effort to guide …

Keeping Up With A Kardashian: Shedding Legal Educations' Vestigial Trade School Anxiety And Replacing The Dated Casebook Method With Modern Case-Based Learning, Jason G. Dykstra

Hofstra Law Review

Kim Kardashian West's choice to pursue her legal studies via a modernized version of apprenticeship rather than by attending law school represents an alarming vote of no-confidence in the efficacy of current legal education. Simply, legal education remains surprisingly and needlessly static despite decades of harsh criticism and the heightened velocity of change that has enveloped the legal industry. From big law to rural practitioners, the traditional law firm model proved ripe for disruption. This disruption is fueled by several discrete changes in how legal services are provided that cumulatively generated a substantial disruption across the board. They include technological …

Drones On The Rise: Societal Misperceptions Of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Renee Keilman

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Throughout the past decade, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) have been on the rise in both the civilian and military sectors. It is forecasted that in the near future they will create thousands of jobs and billions in tax revenue due to their ability to execute difficult and hazardous tasks safely, efficiently, and cost-effectively. However, one current issue with the proliferation of the technology is a shortage of skilled employees due to a lack of education and common negative public misperceptions associated with them.

To investigate this, responses from a mixed-methods survey will be analyzed. Within the survey, questions such …