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From Brown To Bakke: The Supreme Court And School Integration: 1954-1978, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Book Notice about From Brown to Bakke: The Supreme Court and School Integration: 1954-1978 by J. Harvie Wilkinson III

Local Taxes, Federal Courts, And School Desegregation In The Proposition 13 Era, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

This Note examines a federal court's dilemma when the remedy of school desegregation collides with the trend of tax limitation - when a school desegregation order requires funds that the local school authorities do not have and cannot raise. Can the district court order a local tax levy to fund school desegregation when the school authorities have already reached their maximum taxing limit? Is there a better alternative remedy?

To tackle those questions, this Note first elucidates three equitable principles to guide courts in fashioning desegregation decrees. It then explores the history of judicial power to order state and local …

Minimum Competency Testing: Education Or Discrimination?, Mary G. Commander

University of Richmond Law Review

Minimum competency testing1 has been described as the "next major reform movement in American education." It also has been described as the "Great American Fad of the 1970's." The call for a minimum competency test requirement for graduation from high school resulted from increasing public concern about rising illiteracy rates and declining standardized test scores. This concern has created a "back to basics" trend in education, with a concurrent emphasis on educational accountability. This was the point at which most state legislatures entered the process by enacting accountability statutes. The competency tests are an aspect of this accountability. They are …