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Sensemaking About Power In Anti-Oppressive Design Practice, Jessica Meharry Jun 2024

Sensemaking About Power In Anti-Oppressive Design Practice, Jessica Meharry

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The concept of power can be an effective discursive tool to wield when designing against oppression and designing for joy, desire, and flourishing. While power is a critical concept in oppression, it is underdeveloped in most design methods and practices. This paper makes the case that designers interested in social justice can explore dimensions of power to uncover and redirect bias and inequities in both design processes and outcomes. I summarize the conceptual debates about power's meaning and survey how designers are currently engaging with the concept. I then offer a loose anti-oppressive framework for sensemaking around power in professional …

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Flexibility Is Key: Career Exploration And Vocational Identity Status Among Design Students, Najla Mouchrek Jun 2024

Flexibility Is Key: Career Exploration And Vocational Identity Status Among Design Students, Najla Mouchrek

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study investigates processes of career exploration and vocational identity development for Design students. Establishing a professional identity is a central aspect for career construction and definition of academic, personal, and professional goals – and an essential process to promote success and accomplishment as students prepare to move from school to work.We surveyed 109 students enrolled in undergraduate design majors and minors and graduate design programs at a North-American university on career decision motivation and vocational identity status including measures of career exploration (in-breadth and in-depth), career commitment and career flexibility. Findings follow a developmental perspective suggesting that age and …

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Participatory Design Research, Documenting The Experience Of Gainesville Local Drag Performers., Gilberto Corona Jun 2024

Participatory Design Research, Documenting The Experience Of Gainesville Local Drag Performers., Gilberto Corona

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This case study documents the process of research, identification, and co-creation —with members of the drag community— a visual ethnography of Gainesville's drag culture. This study documented drag performance as an integral element of public-facing queer communities and took place during 2021 and 2022. Drag GNV aim is to contextualize the importance and nuance of drag as an activity supporting LGBTQ+ individuals and communities and as a publicly visible format for sharing elements of LGBTQ+ community identity with broader audiences. This research focused on conversations with the queer community (performers and allies) and centered reflections on drag venues as safe …

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Missing The Bus: A Toolkit For Amplifying Unheard Voices Of Women Commuters In India, Dhriti Dhaundiyal, Nishant Sharma Jun 2024

Missing The Bus: A Toolkit For Amplifying Unheard Voices Of Women Commuters In India, Dhriti Dhaundiyal, Nishant Sharma

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Inequity in access is created when infrastructure and services are created for the de-fault 'generic user'. Mobility has long been a key factor in empowerment of women, defining how women navigate their personal and professional lives. The number of women using public buses in India has remained low. Policy formulation for large populations is driven by statistical analysis and data models that do not account for marginalized groups. The present toolkit used to develop the comprehensive mobility plan for Indian cities lacks the tools to elicit tacit needs and requirements of such citizens. To address this gap, we designed a …

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Significance Of Everyday Group Conversations In Defin-Ing Design Problems: Affordances Of Group Chat Room For Discursivity In Design Process, Jen Yoohyun Lee Jun 2024

Significance Of Everyday Group Conversations In Defin-Ing Design Problems: Affordances Of Group Chat Room For Discursivity In Design Process, Jen Yoohyun Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the ongoing and nonlinear nature of everyday group conversations afforded by a mobile messaging app. Understanding such interactions can facilitate the awareness of different viewpoints and the emergence of group decisions on elucidating design problems. The exploration is done by analyzing stakeholders' group chat conversations through the lens of small stories, which acknowledges overlooked aspects of everyday communication. Communicative interactions are increasingly relevant to participatory processes of coordinating knowledge, needs, and goals among multiple stakeholders in designing. Meanwhile, communication in goal-oriented workshops and interviews aims for an effective sense-making process and compels the definition of problem and …

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Knotting Data As A Feminist Approach To Data Materialization, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Lara Reime, Marisa Cohn, Tania Pérez-Bustos Jun 2024

Knotting Data As A Feminist Approach To Data Materialization, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Lara Reime, Marisa Cohn, Tania Pérez-Bustos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Several researchers have been studying how working with materials such as yarn can shift how we think and theorize relations to the body and others, by bringing together feminist values at the intersection of data, technology, and hands-on making. Extending such prior work, our research, anchored in craft-based knowledge production, aims to contribute with explorations on knotting as a feminist approach to data materialization. We present a year-long process consisting of 4 workshops we conducted with participants, in which we used differ-ent forms of knotting to materialize data about bodies being part of our academic institution and the Covid-19 pandemic. …

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Transformational Practices; Aligning Governance And Design., Fernando Galdon, Ashley Hall Jun 2024

Transformational Practices; Aligning Governance And Design., Fernando Galdon, Ashley Hall

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces the concept of ‘Transformational Practises’ as a prospective design-led integrative space to conduct multidisciplinary research aiming at ex-ceptionally innovative and/or unconventional research aiming for a high trans-formational impact. Based on a range of selected examples, the authors underpin the fundamental principles of this new framework to propose a criteria to assess prospective and multidisciplinary design-led transformations. In the process, it places design as a distinctive and fundamental activity to develop transforma-tional impact in research that aligns the applied arts (arts and design), with the prospective sciences (e.g., AI and synthetic biology), and prospective sociology (e.g., economics and …

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Generating User Personas With Ai: Reflecting On Its Implications For Design, Vanessa Sattele, Juan Carlos Ortiz Jun 2024

Generating User Personas With Ai: Reflecting On Its Implications For Design, Vanessa Sattele, Juan Carlos Ortiz

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The aim of this research is to analyze and expose risks associated with using AI tools such as Large Language Models and Text to Image Models to create user personas, and initiate a discussion about their application in design practice. First, a model is presented comparing the traditional user research approach with an AI persona generation method. Through a case study involving the creation of personas within the context of Mexico City, a critical analysis is conducted, revealing biases. Possible causes and risks for design practice and education are discussed, as well as potential benefits. Finally, a model for scalability …

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Enhancing Traditional Food Experience: A Food Ritual Design Framework, Hangyu Zhou, Min Hua Jun 2024

Enhancing Traditional Food Experience: A Food Ritual Design Framework, Hangyu Zhou, Min Hua

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Cultural globalisation threatens some traditional foods, as foreign food cultures can make local foods less popular. While food-related rituals play a crucial role in enhancing cultural identity and the overall experience of traditional food, there remains limited research on the successful design of these rituals. This study aims to propose a Food Ritual Design Framework that inspires the design of traditional food. The framework was applied in a case study on Sugar Painting, and its applicability and effectiveness were evaluated through a questionnaire survey (n = 133). The survey revealed the successful integration of 47 diverse traditional foods into the …

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Spatial Distribution, Characterization, And Policy Opportunities For Taiwan's Solo Elderly: A Big Data Approach, Yu-Ta Lin, Wei-Chu Chen, Hsuan-Ta Yu, I-Ting Cho Jun 2024

Spatial Distribution, Characterization, And Policy Opportunities For Taiwan's Solo Elderly: A Big Data Approach, Yu-Ta Lin, Wei-Chu Chen, Hsuan-Ta Yu, I-Ting Cho

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As Taiwan approaches super-aging by 2025, this study uses the 2022 Ministry of the Interior database combined with geospatial analysis and machine learning to examine solo elderly demographical patterns and assess current "Community Care Stations." Findings: 1. Urban areas have higher aging and solo rates closer to city centers, while rural areas show the opposite pattern; 2. "Dual aging" (elderly and old houses) is common in metropolitan areas; 3. Solo elderly are predomi-nantly urban females, suburban males, often separated, widowed, or divorced, with fewer children or residing in different regions; 4. Both advantaged and dis-advantaged solo elderly are identified in …

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Health-Promotion Information Is Not Effective: General Goals Of Health And Wellbeing Conflict With Young Adults’ Instant Needs In Cooking And Food Choices, Taoran Ji, Debra Lilley, Emma Haycraft Jun 2024

Health-Promotion Information Is Not Effective: General Goals Of Health And Wellbeing Conflict With Young Adults’ Instant Needs In Cooking And Food Choices, Taoran Ji, Debra Lilley, Emma Haycraft

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Young adults are living in an era where nutritional and health knowledge is more accessible and advanced than ever before. However, young adults’ diets are still a concern. The PhD research reported on in this paper aims to suggest behavioural interventions that can align young adults’ individual dietary needs and their long-term goals of eating healthily. Using the methods of diary study, semi-structured interviews and card sorting, this research investigated young adults’ perceptions of their dietary behaviours and experiences of prior interventions, to understand the gap between their ‘knowing’ and ‘doing’ in terms of healthy eating. The findings indicated that …

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Service Design And Circular Economy In Hybrid Retail Design, Nonkululeko Grootboom, Katelijn Quartier, Christina Breed Jun 2024

Service Design And Circular Economy In Hybrid Retail Design, Nonkululeko Grootboom, Katelijn Quartier, Christina Breed

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper serves as a pilot study exploring hybrid (physical and digital) retail design within the context of the circular economy, and it examines the prerequisite of the hy-brid retail environment in facilitating customer engagement with circular economy practices. Utilizing an exploratory qualitative approach, we collect primary data through semi-structured interviews with an SME retail brand and ten of its customers. Additionally, we conducted observations of both the physical store and its social me-dia. This contributes to the limited existing literature on hybrid retail design within the context of the circular economy, particularly in the fashion industry. By bridging two …

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Discovering Design Implications For Future Food Experiencing Artifacts, Yağmur Kocaman, Damla Gözde Kocaman, Oğuzhan Özcan Jun 2024

Discovering Design Implications For Future Food Experiencing Artifacts, Yağmur Kocaman, Damla Gözde Kocaman, Oğuzhan Özcan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Despite the growing number of research in Human-Food Interaction (HFI), studies mainly adopt a technology-oriented approach. The field focuses on creating foods computationally, leaving the device design neglected. This paper addresses this oversight by focusing on a prominent technology as a case study (i.e., 3D Food Printing) and exploring new forms and meanings HFI technologies may embody. We first explored domestic users' food-related dynamics, habits, and preferences in everyday life (N=19). We then present the outcomes of design workshops with 25 professional designers, resulting in 73 unique concepts aligned with the in-sights from domestic kitchen users. Overall, we extracted ten …

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Towards A Design Methodology Against Oppression, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Marco Mazzarotto Jun 2024

Towards A Design Methodology Against Oppression, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Marco Mazzarotto

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This article aims to present a methodology that has been developed in design projects that combat oppression. The proposal emerged from work led by the Brazilian Design and Oppression Network in partnership with social movements and oppressed communities. The methodology has six guiding axes: popular assembly, dialogues, generating themes, unveiling, collective praxis, and systematization of experience. These axes bring together principles and practices stemming from critical pedagogy and militant research which can help designers and researchers with the particularities of conducting projects engaged in struggles against oppression.

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Transitioning To A Circular Economy: A Gender- Sensitive Exploration Of Circular Consumption In Denmark And Southern Sweden, Tereza Keprdová, Diana Mîinea, Amalia De Götzen Jun 2024

Transitioning To A Circular Economy: A Gender- Sensitive Exploration Of Circular Consumption In Denmark And Southern Sweden, Tereza Keprdová, Diana Mîinea, Amalia De Götzen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The dominant model of a resource-intensive linear economy has resulted in excessive production and consumption, leading to the depletion of natural resources and significant waste generation. Transitioning to a circular economy (CE) is crucial for achieving more sustainable production-consumption systems. However, the CE discourses have been dominated by technological and manufacturing solutions, with relatively less attention to developing circular consumption practices and establishing pathways for everyday participation. This article presents the findings of a Master's thesis that explored the gendered aspects of circular consumption and its challenges for individuals in Denmark and Southern Sweden. The research shows that a gender- …

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Food Choices: What Is On Our Plates?, Ellen Gonzalez, Manuela Quaresma Jun 2024

Food Choices: What Is On Our Plates?, Ellen Gonzalez, Manuela Quaresma

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study investigates the pivotal role of professional chefs as food designers, emphasizing informed decision-making, community engagement, and strategic partnerships in pursuing regenerative practices within food systems. Through participant observation in southeast Brazilian food service venues, we examine chefs' views and actions regarding the socio-political-environmental ramifications of their choices, including labor practices and ingredient sourcing. Businesses were selected based on their commitment to sustainable or regenerative ideals. Findings underscore the chefs' influence in thoughtfully selecting ingredients, suppliers, and labor, impacting territory health, community well-being, cultural preservation, and economic prosperity. This research contributes with practical insights for building a more equitable …

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Exploring The Relation Between Aesthetic Experience And Physical Activity Motivation, Yoonah Jung, Chajoong Kim, Kyungho Lee, Hwang Kim Jun 2024

Exploring The Relation Between Aesthetic Experience And Physical Activity Motivation, Yoonah Jung, Chajoong Kim, Kyungho Lee, Hwang Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Digital physical activity applications employ various motivational mechanisms to encourage exercise, yet research on the complex relationship between their visual aesthetics and motivation for physical activity is still limited. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how three different visual images, such as those representing health, fitness, and social benefits, respectively, can motivate peo-ple to engage in physical activity in a digital service environment. To investigate this, 50 participants evaluated these images in the survey. The results showed that out of the three categories, fitness images had the most significant impact on motivating physical activity, suggesting that stimuli that …

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Designing Onboarding For Wearable Payment: Connecting Passive Tangibles To Online Service, Andreas Lindegren, Victoria Hendered, Ylva Fernaeus Jun 2024

Designing Onboarding For Wearable Payment: Connecting Passive Tangibles To Online Service, Andreas Lindegren, Victoria Hendered, Ylva Fernaeus

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study explores the design challenges of connecting passive NFC wearables such as fobs, rings, and bracelets, to online services such as payment and access. Through field studies, co-design workshops, and auto-ethnographic design work, we investigate how physical action and online media could be coupled, allowing for more considerate onboarding experiences. Our main contribution is four de-sign concepts specific to this domain: using media to link experience to new concepts, supporting physical practice, giving feedback on physical success, and providing interactive function through physical form. In sum, the work highlights media content as a fundamental element in the design of …

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Situating Imaginaries Of Ethics In / Of / Through Design, Sonja Rattay, Marco C. Rozendaal, Irina Shklovski Jun 2024

Situating Imaginaries Of Ethics In / Of / Through Design, Sonja Rattay, Marco C. Rozendaal, Irina Shklovski

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Within the last decade a large corpus of work in HCI as well as the commercial design practice has focused on systematically addressing questions of ethics, values and moral considerations embedded in the design of digital technology. Recent critiques have highlighted that these efforts fall short of actual transformative impact. We use the sociological concept of imaginaries to argue that value and ethics work needs to be considered within the larger context of socially shared visions of a desirable future and outline how existing sociotechnical imaginaries pre-frame contexts in which value work is deployed. We demonstrate that imaginaries provide the …

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Material Experience And User Acceptance Of Mycelium Bio-Composite Insulation In The Construction Industry Through Interdisciplinary Co-Design, Simone Van Den Broek, Ilse Rovers, Florentina Calcan Jun 2024

Material Experience And User Acceptance Of Mycelium Bio-Composite Insulation In The Construction Industry Through Interdisciplinary Co-Design, Simone Van Den Broek, Ilse Rovers, Florentina Calcan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Mycelium bio-composite exhibits remarkable versatility showing properties that are useful for the construction industry, including thermal insulation and acoustic isolation. Despite its potential, mycelium remains an unfamiliar material. To enable bio-designers to successfully implement mycelium bio-composite insulation, creating an understanding of potential users’ views on and experience of the material is important. To research this, an interdisciplinary co-design workshop was conducted with potential stakeholders focusing on interaction with, discovery of, and brainstorming about mycelium bio-composite insulation. The results showed that stakeholders mostly have a positive material experience with mycelium bio-composites and are open to acceptance. They predominantly viewed mycelium bio-composites …

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Co-Creating The Spectacle: Identifying Design Dimensions Of Opening Ceremonies To Embed Participatory Approaches, Xinwei Wan, Virgilio Vasconcelos, Sandy Claes Jun 2024

Co-Creating The Spectacle: Identifying Design Dimensions Of Opening Ceremonies To Embed Participatory Approaches, Xinwei Wan, Virgilio Vasconcelos, Sandy Claes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Opening Ceremonies of mega-events captivate a global audience and have the potential of nurturing a sense of community belonging among the population of the host country. From the visual identity to the stage design and its live media broadcast, such ceremonies unite different design practices. The underlying design processes usually depart from a top-down perspective, often prompted by specific social and political realities. As a result, inhabitants may experience a diminished sense of belonging. Participatory approaches are able to challenge oppressive power relations, and are increasingly deployed in mainstream media, yet the scale and complexity of the design of opening …

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Co-Design Of A Loneliness Monitoring System With Older People And Stakeholders, Freya Probst, Wei Liu Jun 2024

Co-Design Of A Loneliness Monitoring System With Older People And Stakeholders, Freya Probst, Wei Liu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Loneliness in later life has been associated with frailty and earlier mortality. Sensor-based monitoring systems aim to help identify and prevent more severe forms of social isolation and loneliness at old age. The technological development requires an understanding how to reach acceptance and usefulness of the proposed technology in the wider system by involving those it affects. In this co-design study, we engage people that experienced loneliness after the age of 65 and stakeholders to collaboratively design a loneliness monitoring system that is embedded in wearables and smart home furniture. Such involvement will help inform the technology design at early …

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'Design Your Menopause Life' As A Pathway To Successful Ageing, Linda Shore, Grant Cumming, Irene Mcara-Mcwilliam, Mel Allen, Claire Hester Jun 2024

'Design Your Menopause Life' As A Pathway To Successful Ageing, Linda Shore, Grant Cumming, Irene Mcara-Mcwilliam, Mel Allen, Claire Hester

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The ‘Menopause - a Pathway to successful ageing - or not?’ research explores the life stage experience leading up to and following menopause. Menopause is defined as a moment in time 12 months after someone’s final period, Peri menopause is a time in someone’s life leading up to menopause but when symptoms or changes can be experienced. This research focusses on a time in a typical female’s lifespan whereby they are managing life and career of family responsibilities bringing up children while experiencing symptoms of peri-menopause and menopause. It is well documented how exercise and health awareness can optimise and …

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Anticolonial Prospects For Overcoming The Coloniality Of Making In Design, Carmem Saito, Rodrigo Freese Gonzatto, Frederick Van Amstel Jun 2024

Anticolonial Prospects For Overcoming The Coloniality Of Making In Design, Carmem Saito, Rodrigo Freese Gonzatto, Frederick Van Amstel

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design has been instrumental in preserving the coloniality of making – a set of ideological, cultural, political, market and relational processes that operate to identify, categorise and hierarchise different making practices that benefit the metropolises at globalised production structures. This paper presents a theoretical examination of the coloniality of making based on the anticolonial scholarship of the Design & Oppression Network. The examination proceeds with three prospective studies to overcome this form of coloniality in fashion, interaction, and graphic design. The first part of each study denounces how design reproduces the hierarchy between intellectual and manual labour and justifies class, …

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Healing Our Designing: Practices Of Care For Human And More-Than-Human Relations, Marysol Ortega Pallanez Jun 2024

Healing Our Designing: Practices Of Care For Human And More-Than-Human Relations, Marysol Ortega Pallanez

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Ongoing socio-ecological damages stem from dominant design practices rooted in modernist, capitalist ideologies that exploit nature. If we, designers, aim to contribute to healing the web of life, our practices also need healing. Seeking an alternative paradigm to problem-driven design, this article narrates my journey to embrace a paradigm of relation-caring that encompasses humans and more-than-humans. Drawing upon experiences with fellow embroiderers in Hermosillo, Mexico, I present two everyday design practices that explore women-plant relations in the desert: 1) cultivating relationships by embroidery of memories, presents, and futures with plants; and 2) infusing diálogo de saberes (wisdom dialogues) with embodied …

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Faculty Wellbeing In Corporate Academia: A Critical Examination And Reimaging Of The Curriculum Vitae, Aaron Ganci Jun 2024

Faculty Wellbeing In Corporate Academia: A Critical Examination And Reimaging Of The Curriculum Vitae, Aaron Ganci

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Faculty wellbeing is declining among US higher education faculty, and burnout is becoming increasingly common. This study examines the role of design artifacts, namely the curriculum vitae (CV), within this dynamic. The CV has succumbed to interconnected social forces, including neoliberalism and inclusive democratization, fundamentally altering its design and the connected faculty experience. To better understand if design action might improve faculty wellbeing, this study employs a transformative research design to examine how the CV might be reimagined to promote positive transformation and improved wellbeing. This mixed-method qualitative study utilizes a novel bend of interviews, participatory co-design activities, and a …

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Ethics In/Of/For Design, Deger Ozkaramanli, Laura F. Ferrarello, Linda N. Laursen Jun 2024

Ethics In/Of/For Design, Deger Ozkaramanli, Laura F. Ferrarello, Linda N. Laursen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

We frame design ethics as an invitation to care and argue against reducing it to a methodology, framework, checklist, toolkit, or an afterthought. This broad framing acknowledges that ‘ethics’ can carry multiple meanings in different contexts (e.g. responsible, critical, democratic) and can be approached from various theoretical perspectives (e.g. historical, cultural, speculative). Consequently, we recognize the need for a nuanced and reflexive discussion on why, where and how ethical questions and dilemmas intersect with design research and practices. For this, we aim to look back with critical historical awareness, while also looking forward with cautious optimism. We welcome both theoretical …

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Designing (For) Transitions And Transformations: Imagination, Climate Futures, And Everyday Lives, Femke Coops, Dan Lockton, İdil Gaziulusoy, Cameron Tonkinwise, Joanna Boehnert, Marysol Ortega Pallanez, Anja Overdiek, Ida Nilstad Pettersen, Alma Leora Leora Culén, Silvana Juri Jun 2024

Designing (For) Transitions And Transformations: Imagination, Climate Futures, And Everyday Lives, Femke Coops, Dan Lockton, İdil Gaziulusoy, Cameron Tonkinwise, Joanna Boehnert, Marysol Ortega Pallanez, Anja Overdiek, Ida Nilstad Pettersen, Alma Leora Leora Culén, Silvana Juri

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The urgency of crises in planetary health—climate, biodiversity loss, inequality, and others—has made design’s role in transformative change ever-more important in the pursuit of sustainable, just and resilient futures. Arising from distinct disciplinary traditions within academia, design, futures, transitions, sustainability science and allied approaches (with their own norms, frameworks, and methods) are increasingly converging. Emerging from this space are new configurations and integrations, especially in practical applications where policymakers, communities, businesses, and new forms of organisation are engaging with challenges we face—often situated and local, but interdependent within complex systems of society and the environment. In design research, approaches such …

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Design For Empowerment, Laura Santamaria, Ksenija Kuzmina Jun 2024

Design For Empowerment, Laura Santamaria, Ksenija Kuzmina

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This track aims to explore empowerment as the primary focus of design for social change, and not merely a side effect or an outcome of design activity. While plenty of studies evidence empowerment through design, a more nuanced discussion on the ways in which empowerment by design is planned, achieved and articulated, how and what kind of empowerment is being facilitated through design projects is timely and necessary. These discussions are essential for introducing a critical perspective currently absent in the articulation of empowerment within design for social change. In the design literature, strong voices have emerged advocating for deeper …

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‘We’Re All In This Together’: A Mixed Methods Randomised Controlled Trial Exploring Cross-Pollinative Team Learning Studio Pedagogy’S Effects On Academic Resilience And Performance, Zhengping Liow Jun 2024

‘We’Re All In This Together’: A Mixed Methods Randomised Controlled Trial Exploring Cross-Pollinative Team Learning Studio Pedagogy’S Effects On Academic Resilience And Performance, Zhengping Liow

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design education's pedagogy of ambiguities and the One-on-One Master-Apprentice's Hidden Curriculum purportedly led to psychological distress and poor academic performance for beginning design students. Despite favourable social conditions, few studies have examined Social Support as positive adaptations towards students' academic resilience in design studios. This mixed methods randomised controlled trial compared One-on-One and Cross-pollinative Team Learning (CTL) students. Inferential statistics revealed that One-on-One students were more resilient (p = .065 & p = .126), but CTL students have academically outperformed significantly (p = .0003 & p = .017). Thematic Analysis of CTL students’ focus group interview as they transitioned to …

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