Digital Commons Network^™

Preferable, Contextual And Sustainable… Climate Futures For Ecological Citizens., Robert Phillips, Sharon Baurley, Emily Boxall, Luke Gooding, Daniel Knox, Charlotte Nordmoen, Alec Shepley, Tom Simmons, Sarah West, Joanna Wright

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The responsibility for sustainable futures extends beyond individual disciplines, necessitating the adoption of diverse approaches across various fields. Water pollution is at epidemic levels, valuable materials go to landfill, ocean detritus grows, many people are disconnected from green space, and biodiversity is plummeting. We need new modes of climate futures, championing citizen agency. Societies require cross-collaborative, inclusive approaches to navigate climate future challenges. We seek to foresee ‘climate futures’ that signpost challenges, unpicking (appropriate) opportunities, benefits, and pitfalls. Through an Ecological Citizenship lens, the authors traverse situations, through preferable futures. It is an entry point for transition design, creating climate …

Study Of The Diversity Of Soil Animal Community In The Songnen Plain Grassland Of China, Yin Xiuqin, Zhu Tingcheng, Zhong Weiyan, Peng Wu Kui

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

This paper makes a diversity study of 8 habitats of soil animal communities in Songnen plain grassland. The research shows that the better the habitat condition is, the higher the diversity index of soil animals, and the worse the habitat condition is the lower the diversity index of soil animals. The diversity of soil animal communities has a positive relationship with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and has a negative relationship with pH value. It has no obvious relationship with soil water content and total phosphorus. The diversity of soil animal communities decreases with increasing depth of soil layer and …

Clipping Intensity Impacts On Root Mass Variation Of Cool Season Grasses, D L. Stetson, W M. Sullivan

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Seasonal changes in grass root and mat weight density were documented under different cutting managements. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) received one annual cut, twice yearly forage harvest, and mown turf treatments. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) received one annual and twice yearly cutting treatments. Soil cores were collected to a 15 cm depth and divided into 7.5 cm increments. Roots and mat were recovered, washed, dried and weighed. Differences in years, seasons, species, treatments, and soil depth significantly influenced total root weight density and fine root density. With all species and …

Effects Of Nitrogen On The Growth Of Hyparrhenia Diplandra, J Nkandza

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The nitrogen effects on Hyparrhenia diplandra were studied. Plants were grown on nutrient solutions of variable concentrations in nitrogen. The supplied nitrogen increased tillering, leaf production, lamina area, total dry matter accumulation and total nitrogen accumulation in lamina. A detailed examination showed that the effect on tillering was the main cause of the differences observed in dry weights between different treatments. The nitrogen supply elongated significantly the lamina and nitrogen deficiency increased its thickness; but this was not enough to compensate the loss of weight in lower nitrogen treatment. The lamina area as well as nitrogen accumulation in the lamina …

Movement Of Allelopathic Compound Coumarin From Plant Residue Of Sweet Vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum Odoratum L.) To Soil, Yoshito Yamamoto

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

This study investigated the movement of coumarin, an allelopathic compound, from the plant residue of sweet vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum odoratum L.) to soil, as well as the dynamics of coumarin in soil. The level of coumarin dissolved from sweet vernalgrass plant residue in both Andosols and Cambisols, which were watered every day, peaked on the 5th day after the beginning of watering, and fell gradually with each additional of day. Specifically, the coumarin content in Cambisols on the 5th day was 14.2 ppm, which is 4 times the coumarin level found in Andosols. The recovery percentage of coumarin extracted with …

Evaluating Functional Diversity As Potential Early-Warning Indicator Of Rangeland Degradation, L.-M. Schwarz, C. P. Carmona, M. C. Bilton, F. Munyebvu-Chambara, K. Behn, A. Linstädter

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Droughts and overgrazing play a crucial role in the degradation of semi-arid rangelands. This is evident in the loss of palatable long-lived grass species and bush encroachment. Early warning indicators are needed to mitigate long-term degradation and decline in essential forage provision. Functional diversity provides valuable information on ecosystem health. However, functional diversity indices have not yet been tested regarding their applicability as early warning indicators, revealing non-linear threshold behaviour. We therefore examined the following questions: (1) How do functional diversity indices respond to grazing pressure? (2) Does land tenure affect the relationship between functional diversity and grazing pressure? (3) …

Modeling The Long-Distance Effects Of Predation, Henry Ogu

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

The Burden Of High Fasting Plasma Glucose In South American Countries 1990–2019 An Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study, Sergio Espinoza

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

No abstract provided.

Internações Por Diabetes Mellitus Nas Regiões E Unidades Federativas Do Brasil: Tendência Temporal Entre 2011 E 2019., Ludmila Ferreira Da Costa, Taisa Lara Sampaio, Lenildo De Moura Dr, Roger Dos Santos Rosa Dr, Betine Pinto Moehlecke Iser Dr

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal das internações ocorridas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), nas Regiões e Unidades Federativas no Brasil, com o diagnóstico principal de diabetes mellitus (DM), entre 2011 e 2019. Método: Estudo ecológico com análise de séries temporais dos dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), referentes a população brasileira. Foram incluídas os residentes no Brasil que foram internados por DM (CID10 - E10 ao E14). A tendência temporal foi analisada por regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winstern, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: De 2011 a 2019, foram registradas …

Variation Of Ldmc And Sla Relationship Between Growth Forms In Natural Grasslands, J. Viégas, P. Cruz, J. P. Theau, C. Jouany, P. Ansquer, R. Al Haj Khaled, O. Therond, M. Duru

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In agro-ecological studies, there is a growing interest in measuring both leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA). This interest lies on the fact that leaf traits are linked to gradients of environmental factors and ecosystem functions. Working with three contrasting wild species, Garnier et al. (2001) proposed a model linking these two traits. The model shows a relatively simple non linear and negative correlation between LDMC and SLA. Nevertheless, none of the species used to build the model were grasses (GRA) or forb rosettes (ROS = i.e. dicotyledonous with large entire leaves and absence of …

A Study In Cuba Of The Biology, Ecology And Agroecological Management Of Heteropsylla Cubana Crawford In Leucaena Leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit, N. Valenciaga, M. Felicia Díaz, T. E. Ruíz, M. Fernández, C. Mora

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

As a consequence of the increase in Leucaena leucocephala areas to counter the shortage of feed in Cuban cattle production, there is a risk of the development of Heteropsylla cubana Crawford (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) as a pest in silvopastoral systems with this legume. This psyllid is known to be the main phytophagous pest (Valenciaga, 2003), which produces damage in 95% of the apical region of branches. Since information on the identification and biology of a pest species is a necessary prerequisite for its management, a taxonomic, biological and ecological study was conducted to define Heteropsylla behaviour in Cuban conditions and elaborate …

Investigating The Association Between Median County Income In Florida And Rate Of Covid- 19 Infection And Death, Carlos Correa, Xiao Rui Yang, Ligia Perez Phd, Juan Lozano Md, Msc

Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Medical and Graduate Students & Residents Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Public School Funding And Prevalence Of Teenage Pregnancy In Florida, Daniel Orlan, Alec Schubert, Areeba Khan, Marcia Varella Md, Mph, Phd

Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Medical and Graduate Students & Residents Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

A Tool For Selecting Ecological Survey Locations In The Southeastern United States Using A Matched-Paired Design, David R. Nelsen, Aaron G. Corbit, Harvey Alférez

Campus Research Day

Site selection is a critical step for conducting an ecological survey. Inappropriate site selection may lead to confounding variables being included in your data and result in incorrect or inconclusive conclusions ^1,2. The Jorō spider, Trichonephila clavata, is an invasive species ³ that is currently expanding through the Southeaster United States⁴. However, it remains unclear how far the spider will spread and what impact the spider will have on local ecosystems. Early results do suggest that Jorōs are having a negative impact on native orb-weaving spiders⁴, but more systematic research is needed to verify …

Characterizing A Vertebrate Microsite In The Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, Anna L. Luessman

Research & Creative Achievement Day

The Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, located in Eastern Montana and parts of North and South Dakota, represents a tidally-influenced fluvial environment that was home to a thriving ecosystem 66 million years ago. Today the formation is made of mudstones and sandstones that contain many vertebrate fossil microsites. Microsites are concentrations of fossilized vertebrate bones and teeth ranging in size from fractions of a millimeter to several centimeters. These sites frequently contain many different species of animals and plants, allowing us to paint a picture of what that environment was like in the Late Cretaceous Period. For this study, I …

Seasonal Dynamics And Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Variability In Ixodes Scapularis Tick Population In Eastern Texas, Daniela Soto

Graduate Research Conference

Objectives: 1. Document seasonal population dynamics of I. scapularis in eastern Texas. 2. Explore variability of GPDH in I. scapularis ticks in eastern Texas and relate data to its population dynamics.

Assessment Of Queensnakes And Northern Watersnakes Living In A Trashy Creek, Noah Kurtz

Liberty University Research Week

Undergraduate

Basic

Effects Of Landscape Structure On Plants Species Richness In Small Grassland Remnants In Two Different Landscapes, S. A. O. Cousins, O. Eriksson

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

There is an increasing interest in using the landscape as the operational scale in many ecological studies. Current species richness in the landscape may be explained by past land use, and habitats may harbour species favoured by an environment that no longer exists. In this study we have included both a landscape scale and a temporal scale. The objective was to explain species pattern and the effect of isolation, habitat size and surrounding land use, and past land use change, on small grassland remnants in rural landscapes.

Importance Of Risk And Hazard Assessment Of River Projects In India, Jitesh N. Vyas, Supriya Nath, R. B. Deogade

International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures

Rivers are the lifeline for every country as they provide water for proliferation, sustenance and propagation of life since time immemorial. With increasing population pressure, water demand increased for drinking, irrigation, and industrial consumption. This water deficit required utilization of available water resources in the best possible manner through various hydrological projects like construction of dams, weirs, barrage, etc. There is a disparity in water availability between north and south India as most of the perennial rivers are situated in the north while seasonal rivers in south India. To resolve this disproportionate distribution and to maintain the balance of water …

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Research Institute

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Evaluating the Effects of Beaver Dam Removal on the Hydrology, Water Quality, and Bioindicators of a Restored Wetland
• Predictive Sediment Flux Modeling of a Karst Spring Using High Resolution Sensors and Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes
• Development and Validation of qPCR Assays for Use in eDNA Detection of Four Species of Semiaquatic Salamanders .
• Analyzing Recent Spatio-Temporal Rainfall Erosivity Patterns and Trends Across Kentucky
• Development of eDNA Protocols for Detection of Four Darter (Percidae: Etheostomatinae) Species in Central Kentucky Streams
• Assessing Change in the Seasonality of Stable Isotopes δ18O and δ2H for Meteoric and Terrestrial Waters of Central Kentucky
• Coupling …

Assessing And Mapping Of Provincial Risks Of Covid-19 Using Regression-Based Significant Factors In The Philippines, Pauline Dela T. Roca, Jasper Victor Y. Miranda, Shirl Angelee R. Ocampo, Timothy F. Olvina

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a highly contagious fatal viral disease, has infected millions of people and led to substantial losses of human lives worldwide. The Philippines was considered a COVID-19 high-risk country because of the numerous surges, especially in the National Capital Region (NCR) and nearby provinces (‘NCR Plus’ bubble). In line with the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health and well-being, this research was conducted to identify the significant correlates of COVID-19 relative risks and cases in the Philippines in 2020 and 2021, using multiple linear regression model, negative binomial regression model, and principal component analysis. It also …

Cracking The Code On Melting Glaciers, Deanna Conklin

COD Library Student Research and Award Symposium

Cracking the Code on Melting Glaciers is about looking beyond the causes, effects, and solutions to the melting glaciers. This paper focuses more on how the glacial melt impacts arctic animals and their habitats, human life, and the surrounding environment we live in today. While we still have time to slow the rate at which these glaciers are melting, it's important to begin rebuilding our world, and our Earth to the way it once was. So that we can continue to grow, live, thrive, and sustain all living beings, without the worry of our Earth deteriorating before our eyes.

Faculty …

Association Between Smoking And Child Mortality Rate In Georgia Counties., Kingsley A. Kalu, Ho-Jui Tung Dr

GS4 Georgia Southern Student Scholars Symposium

Association between Smoking and Child Mortality Rate in Georgia Counties.

Background:

Despite the major advances in health care, child mortality is still a major concern in the United States and Georgia included. Studies have shown that smoking (especially secondhand smoke) can cause multiple health problems in children, including mortality.

Objective:

The study objective is to examine the association between smoking and child mortality rate in Georgia counties.

Methods:

This study used data from the 2021 County Health Rankings for Georgia State. The total number of counties analyzed in Georgia was 159. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analyses were conducted to …

Relationships Between Biodiversity And Production In Grasslands At Local And Regional Scales, A. Hector, M. Loreau

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Key points

1. Experimental manipulations of plant species diversity in unfertilised prairies and meadows has revealed that increasing diversity often leads to increased productivity (range of observed relationships varies from flat to log-linearly positive); driven by a combination of facilitation, niche-partitioning and sampling/selection effects.

2. The longer-term effects of diversity on ecosystem stability are not as clear and in need of further work.

3. Recent applied work, and a new review of the grassland literature, both show the potential for biodiversity to increase productivity under realistic field conditions.

4. The longer-term feedback of grazers on biodiversity gradients is unknown, and …

Global Atmospheric Change And Its Effect On Managed Grassland Systems, Andreas Lüscher, J. Fuhrer, P. C. D. Newton

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Key points

1. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and a trend to warmer mean temperatures are the most reliable aspects of global atmospheric change. Projections of the extent of climate change and the frequency of extreme weather conditions remain uncertain.

2. Research has considerably reduced the uncertainty about effects of global atmospheric change on physiology of plants, productivity and species composition of plant communities.

3. Other factors (e.g. nutrient availability, soil type) and long-term adaptation of the ecosystem (e.g. nutrient cycling and sequestration) influence the response of plant communities to global atmospheric change. Generalisation is not possible with respect to the …

Potential Of C4 Tropical Grasses To Contribute In Carbon Sequestration, Environmental Security And Livelihood Opportunities Through Increased Fodder Availability, D. R. Malaviya, A. K. Roy, P. Kaushal

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The world grasslands/rangeland ecosystems comprise 26% of earth’s surface and have immense ecological and economic significance. Diversity of grasslands had been a key element for their sustainability. Grasslands in India have existed as natural ecosystems for millions of years. It is a major source of income, employment and livelihood to the rural families. Owing to heavy grazing pressure, coupled with other social/anthropogenic factors, the grazing resources have fast deteriorated. The country has many old and natural grasslands with ethnic and economic value. Comprehensive ecological studies including floristic compositions, dominant species, grazing pressure and the climax/sub-climax stages of ecological succession will …

Forb Counts In Grassland Are Sensitive To Analytical Method, Gene A. Fults

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

An analysis of forbs from 9 years of Plant Census protocol (NRI 2019) is compared to data from the Line Point Intercept (LPI) protocol. Both protocols were conducted on the same geospatially separate macroplots (N=1230). The macroplots locations were stratified by NRI based on a land hierarchy which has had long-term use in the United States (Salley etal 2015). This ties vegetation and land together in the data. The analysis showed that the 15-minute plant census method increased forb species data by 29 percent over the LPI method which takes 40-60 minutes. Both methods captured similar total ratios and rank …

Characterizing Invasiveness Through A Descriptive Study Of Guinea Grass (Megathyrsus Maximus) Growing In Three Habitat Types And Differing Herbivore Assemblages In Both Kenya And Texas, A. C. Rhodes, R. M. Plowes, D. J. Martins, I. Ng'iru, L. E. Gilbert

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus syn. Panicum maximum) is an important pasture grass that has been introduced pantropically, yet in many cases has escaped cultivation and is invading native rangelands – threatening biodiversity at multiple trophic levels. An increasing challenge of rangeland management is balancing the importance of pasture grasses with their negative impact on ecosystem processes. Given this challenge, it is critical to understand the mechanisms that underlie grass invasion. In this descriptive study, our objective was to assess the ecological stress release hypothesis by comparing the relative abundance and functional traits of Guinea grass in Kenya's home …

An Integrated Framework To Study Ecological Tipping Points In Social-Ecological Systems, F. A. Männer, L.-M. Schwarz, D. A. Menestrey-Schwieger, V. Amputu, M. C. Bilton, K. Brinkmann, G. Dressler, N. Hamunyela, H. Heita, S. Heshmati, S. Liehr, M. Mbidzo, F. Munyebvu-Chambara, W. C. Nesongano, M. Rauchecker, A. Sandhage-Hofmann, K. Tielbörger, K. Zimmer, A. Linstädter

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Sudden regime shifts or tipping points pose a major threat to various ecosystems and people's livelihoods worldwide. However, tipping points are still hard to predict and often occur without warning. To avoid dramatic social-ecological consequences, it is crucial to understand tipping point behaviour and to identify early warning indicators. Previous studies have hardly implemented an integrated social-ecological approach, which has led to a fragmented understanding and oversimplification of tipping point phenomena. Against this background, we present a systemic research framework that harmonizes ecological and social perspectives to gain a mechanistic understanding of tipping point behaviour. We utilize a social-ecological systems …

Study Of The Diversity Of Soil Animals Community In The Songnen Plain Grassland Of China, Xiuqin Yin, Tingcheng Zhu

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

This paper dealt with the diversity in eight habitat soil animals communities in Songnen plain grassland. The results showed the better habitat condition the higher diversity index of soil animals, and vice-versa. The diversity of soil animals communities correlated positively with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and negatively with soil pH; there was a poor correlation with soil water content and total soil phosphorus. The diversity of soil animals communities decreased with increasing depth of soil layer and has surface-collection.