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Wearable Sensory Devices For Children In Play Areas, Cai-Ru Lia, Wen-Huei Chou, Chung-Wen Hung
Wearable Sensory Devices For Children In Play Areas, Cai-Ru Lia, Wen-Huei Chou, Chung-Wen Hung
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Parents are often concerned about safety problems when children are playing alone in play areas. Using scenario analysis, this study combined with play areas’ service designs to create a wearable assistance device for children, to encourage children to use these devices to ask for assistance and to solve assistance problems when children encounter danger or difficulty. Non-participant observation, literature review, and data analysis were used to summarize problems encountered by children in play areas and analyze usage requirements of interactive assistance devices. This information served as a basis for the research and design of interactive assistance devices. The aim of …
Feel It! See It! Hear It! Probing Tangible Interaction And Data Representational Modality, Trevor Hogan, Eva Hornecker
Feel It! See It! Hear It! Probing Tangible Interaction And Data Representational Modality, Trevor Hogan, Eva Hornecker
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we present the design, implementation and evaluation of three tangible devices that measure and represent indoor air quality through different modalities. The motivation for creating these devices is twofold. First, we are interested in exploring how tangible interaction, combined with different representational modalities, affects the way people perceive data. At the same time, we aim to provide people with a novel interface that makes them aware of ambient indoor air quality. To achieve this, the approach we take is to create, what we term design probes: three objects that possess similar design features but differ in one …
The Value Of Transparency For Designing Product Innovations, Peiyao Cheng, Ruth Mugge
The Value Of Transparency For Designing Product Innovations, Peiyao Cheng, Ruth Mugge
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Transparency is frequently used in product innovations for its special visual impacts and unique characteristic of providing more information. Providing effective information is crucial for consumers’ adoptions of product innovations. Yet, how the information provided through transparency influences consumer response has not been investigated so far. This study aims to fill in this gap by investigating the application of transparency in product innovations from designers’ and consumers’ perspectives. Through in-depth interviews with experienced designers (N=6), five design intentions of using transparency in product innovations are identified: influence look and feel, communicate information regarding product operations, demonstrate technology, show working process, …
Designing The Unknown: Supervising Design Students Who Manage Mental Health Issues, Welby Ings
Designing The Unknown: Supervising Design Students Who Manage Mental Health Issues, Welby Ings
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Seneca in his Moral Essays said, ‘No great genius has ever existed without some touch of madness’ (1928, p. 284). When working with highly gifted designers, it is not uncommon to encounter such a connection. However, as supervisors we can often find ourselves navigating unstable territories with little pedagogical guidance. This article discusses some implications of working creatively with Design students who manage mental health conditions in a postgraduate environment in a New Zealand University. In doing so, it considers it reflects upon the research journeys of two candidates and the construction of responsive, creativity supportive environments developed to support …
Framing Complexity In Design Through Theories Of Social Practice And Structuration: A Comparative Case Study Of Urban Cycling, Tobias Barnes Hofmeister, Martina Keitsch
Framing Complexity In Design Through Theories Of Social Practice And Structuration: A Comparative Case Study Of Urban Cycling, Tobias Barnes Hofmeister, Martina Keitsch
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Even if cycling is promoted as a new form of urban lifestyle, current car- centric approaches hold this type of mobility under gridlock. This article explores dissonances between visions, planning and execution in urban mobility and proposes a practice-oriented design model based on theories of Shove and Giddens. A model as a combination of mutual influences is developed, reflecting the complexity of urban design problems. The model is applied in a comparative case study on cycling in Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany) and Trondheim (Norway). In Freiburg cycling is of mundane, everyday character, while it carries traits of mere commuting in …
Consumer Product Design And Innovation: Past, Present And Future, Robin Roy
Consumer Product Design And Innovation: Past, Present And Future, Robin Roy
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper summarises some of the content and conclusions of a new book which discusses the innovation, design and evolution of six consumer products – bicycles, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, electric lamps, television and mobile (cell) phones – from their original inventions to the present. It discusses common patterns of innovation, how environmental concerns and legislation have influenced design, and some of the effects these products have had on the environment and society. The paper also uses lessons from the successes and failures of examples of these products to draw out guidelines for designers, engineers, marketers, managers and educators on …
Towards Innovative And Inclusive Architecture, Sidse Grangaard
Towards Innovative And Inclusive Architecture, Sidse Grangaard
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Acknowledging that the Danish Buildings Regulations is having an impact on the design of inclusive architecture, a Danish government agency focuses on new models for the accessibility requirements in the future Building Regulations supporting an innovative and inclusive architecture. In order to establish empirical material for the analysis and development of new models, architectural firms have been invited to workshops and group interviews to present their own experience of the challenges and the opportunities that they meet in their everyday practice as users of the Buildings Regulations. The prescriptive accessibility requirements were criticised for being too homogenous. A majority of …
Design For Sustainability: An Evolutionary Review, Fabrizio Ceschin, Idil Gaziulusoy
Design For Sustainability: An Evolutionary Review, Fabrizio Ceschin, Idil Gaziulusoy
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we explore the evolution of response from design discipline to sustainability issues. Following a quasi-chronological pattern, our exploration provides an overview of the Design for Sustainability (DfS) field, categorising the approaches developed in the past two decades under four innovation levels: Product, Product-Service System, Spatio-Social and Socio-Technical System. As a result of this overview, we propose an evolutionary framework and map the reviewed DfS approaches onto this framework. The proposed framework synthesizes the evolution of DfS field, showing how it has progressively expanded from a technical and product-centric focus towards large scale system level changes in which …
Digital Sketch Modelling: Integrating Digital Sketching As A Transition Between Sketching And Cad In Industrial Design Education, Carlie Ranscombe, Katherine Bissett-Johnson
Digital Sketch Modelling: Integrating Digital Sketching As A Transition Between Sketching And Cad In Industrial Design Education, Carlie Ranscombe, Katherine Bissett-Johnson
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Literature on the use of design tools in educational settings notes an uneasy relationship between student use of traditional hand sketching and digital modelling tools (CAD) during the industrial deign process. This is often manifested in the transition from sketching to CAS and exacerbated by a preference of current students to use CAD. In this research we report the teaching of a new design practice "Digital Sketch Modelling" which combine the strengths of sketching in ideation and CAD in dimensional accuracy while versing students in digital sketching skills that re now expected of graduates going into industry. In doing so …
Towards A Sensory Congruent Beer Bottle: Consumer Associations Between Beer Brands, Flavours, And Bottle Designs, Fenko Fenko, Sanne Heiltjes, Lianne Van Den Berg-Weitzel
Towards A Sensory Congruent Beer Bottle: Consumer Associations Between Beer Brands, Flavours, And Bottle Designs, Fenko Fenko, Sanne Heiltjes, Lianne Van Den Berg-Weitzel
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Sensory packaging design congruent with product and brand characteristics may be used as an innovative tool to communicate product and brand values to consumers and to enhance taste experience. This study investigated whether consumers associate sensory properties of beer bottles with certain brand values and beer flavours. Participants evaluated five beer products on a list of brand values, flavour characteristics and package characteristics. The results demonstrated that consumers systematically associate tactile and auditory characteristics of a bottle with certain brand values and specific beer flavours. The study creates a conceptual tool for designing brand congruent multisensory beer bottles.
Designing Information Feedback Within Hybrid Physical/Digital Interactions, David Gullick, Paul Coulton
Designing Information Feedback Within Hybrid Physical/Digital Interactions, David Gullick, Paul Coulton
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Whilst digital and physical interactions were once treated as separate design challenges, there is a growing need for them to be considered together to allow the creation of hybrid digital/physical experiences. For example, digital games can now include physical objects (with digital properties) or digital objects (with physical properties), both of which may be used to provide input, output, or in-game information in various combinations. In this paper we consider how users perceive and understand interactions that include physical/digital objects through the design of a novel game which allows us to consider: i) the character of the space/spaces in which …
Form As An Abstraction Of Mechanism, Lewis Urquhart, Andrew Wodehouse
Form As An Abstraction Of Mechanism, Lewis Urquhart, Andrew Wodehouse
DRS Biennial Conference Series
There is an emergent body of research linking the nature of form to design, functionality and user experience. This paper builds on these recent studies to propose a new approach connecting conceptual-design with advanced manufacturing techniques. Using the properties of work materials and advanced forming manufacturing processes, radical approaches to design and production could be open to designers and engineers, offering novel modes of user experience. By firstly reviewing the literature on product form and its bond with the concepts within the fields of user interaction and user experience, a number of “functional mechanisms” are introduced that could potentially be …
Design Culture And Contemporary Education, Therese Uri
Design Culture And Contemporary Education, Therese Uri
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This qualitative situational analysis study charted the implications and potentialities of embracing a design culture within contemporary education. Fifteen design philosophers, instructors, and practitioners provided data using situational analysis grounded theory methodology (Clarke, 2005) to examine three levels of inquiry. Data was interpreted using traditional grounded theory coding (Corbin & Strauss, 2008) and charted on three maps: situational, social world arena, and positional. As the study progressed, the “in vivo code” of integrating differences became the most developed concept of the study. The “in vivo code” also addressed the central quest of the study as well as what remains to …
An Approach To Future-Oriented Technology Design - With A Reflection On The Role Of The Artefact, Tiina Kymäläinen
An Approach To Future-Oriented Technology Design - With A Reflection On The Role Of The Artefact, Tiina Kymäläinen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper describes future-oriented design as a manner to carry out design research in the emerging technology context, i.e. it describes design activities within a research context. For the purpose the paper introduces a method called science fiction prototyping, which has arisen from the emerging technology research with a well-founded aim to encourage future-oriented thinking. This paper briefly introduces the method; primarily so as to clarify why the future-oriented design by science fiction has been found useful. The focus of the paper is nevertheless on the reflection of how the science fiction prototypes may have most value for the design …
Project Contribution Of Junior Designers: Exploring The What And The How Of Values In Collaborative Practice, Lennert Kaland, Annelijn Vernooij, Lenny Van Onselen
Project Contribution Of Junior Designers: Exploring The What And The How Of Values In Collaborative Practice, Lennert Kaland, Annelijn Vernooij, Lenny Van Onselen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This research investigates the extensive explored field of personal values: what do they mean for junior designers, are they exchangeable with other persons, and what will be exchanged? The paper contains an explorative grounded theory methodology on the exchange of personal values between stakeholders and junior designers during projects. Five interviews with junior designers gave insight in collaboration and interaction with stakeholders, and value exchanges by the junior designer within a project. The authors present two conceptual models: one for personal stakeholder mapping, and one for exchanging personal values. The first model enables junior designers to position stakeholders relatively to …
Commons & Community Economies: Entry Points To Design For Eco-Social Justice?, Fabio Franz, Bianca Elzenbaumer
Commons & Community Economies: Entry Points To Design For Eco-Social Justice?, Fabio Franz, Bianca Elzenbaumer
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Many designers today (including ourselves) are experimenting with how their practice can engage in meaningful ways with the complexity of pressing social and environmental issues. Being very much concerned with the politics and power relations that run through such issues, in this paper we will explore what points of orientation the framework of the ‘commons’ and that of ‘community economies’ – seen from an autonomist and feminist Marxist perspective – can offer when working on socially and politically engaged projects. We mobilise these two frameworks as possible entry points through which eco-socially just modes of reproducing livelihoods can be fostered. …
Learning To Learn What Can Be Learned From Firsthand Experience With Materials?, Biljana C. Fredriksen
Learning To Learn What Can Be Learned From Firsthand Experience With Materials?, Biljana C. Fredriksen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
A child cannot be taught how to walk – it has to sense the balance of its body, the smoothness of the floor, the strength of its muscles, and respond appropriately. The author argues that the process of learning depends on embodied functions and subjective experiences of the one who is learning. This paper discusses the first-hand perspective in the process of material transformation. During such a process, the acting person has to be attentive and make innumerable adaptive choices. Examples from a doctoral study focusing on young children (3 year olds), illustrate how the children’s first-person experiences related to …
Schön’S Legacy: Examining Contemporary Citation Practices In Drs Publications, Jordan Beck, Laureline Chiapello
Schön’S Legacy: Examining Contemporary Citation Practices In Drs Publications, Jordan Beck, Laureline Chiapello
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Donald Schön was one of the most influential scholars in the design field; his work was and still is among the most highly cited. But how and why do scholars cite Schön’s work? What do these citations do? In this paper, we present a content analysis of 63 texts published at the last two DRS conferences in an effort to understand the function of citations of Donald Schön’s work. We find scholars primarily cite Schön’s work either to support their own research topics, methods or methodologies, and arguments or to credit Schön for his concepts or ideas. And we observe …
Policy In The Uk, Qian Sun
Policy In The Uk, Qian Sun
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper reviews design policy in the UK. As the UK does not currently have any written and acknowledged statement of cross-governmental design strategy, this article investigates the key organisations involved in developing and delivering policies that impact on design in the UK by reviewing their missions and strategies, thereby identifying opportunities, challenges and trends in British design policy.
In The Moment: Designing For Late Stage Dementia, Cathy Treadaway, David Prytherch, Gail Kenning, Jac Fennell
In The Moment: Designing For Late Stage Dementia, Cathy Treadaway, David Prytherch, Gail Kenning, Jac Fennell
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper presents international multidisciplinary design research to support the wellbeing of people living with dementia. The LAUGH1 project aims to develop playful artefacts that will contribute to non-pharmacological personalised approaches to caring for people living with late stage dementia in residential care. This paper presents the context for this research and explains the initial stages of the work currently in progress. An inclusive participatory methodology is described in which key experts including: health professionals, technologists, materials scientists and carers of people living with dementia are informing the development of design concepts. A positive design approach in which designing for …
Junior Designers’ Awareness Of Personal Values And Their Employment Choices, Anna Jonkmans, Julia Wurl, Dirk Snelders, Lenny Van Onselen
Junior Designers’ Awareness Of Personal Values And Their Employment Choices, Anna Jonkmans, Julia Wurl, Dirk Snelders, Lenny Van Onselen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
For junior designers, friction between personal and organizational values can lead to frustration. This paper addresses job selection choices of junior designers, and how they are affected by an awareness of personal values. An experiment (n=106) shows how an explicit awareness of personal values (based on the Schwartz Value Survey) affects the choices and motivations of junior designers. Results show that, overall, junior designers select vacancies that express values that are congruent with their own values. In addition, a greater awareness of personal values is found to lead to more confidence in one’s choice, and to a greater tendency to …
Design Togetherness, Pluralism And Convergence, Monica Lindh Karlsson, Johan Redström
Design Togetherness, Pluralism And Convergence, Monica Lindh Karlsson, Johan Redström
DRS Biennial Conference Series
We describe an inquiry into how we relate to each other in design, as we design. In particular, we are interested in to what extent, and in what ways, we acknowledge diversity in knowledge, experience, and skill. We have conducted a series of project courses within design education to make students explore different ways of doing design together. Our findings point to two main tendencies: towards cultures of pluralism, of coming together as who we are; and cultures of representation, of coming together as what we are. This points to important issues related to how methodology and process structure the …
The Idea Of Architecture, The User As Inhabitant: Design Through A Christopher Alexander Lens, Molly Wright Steenson
The Idea Of Architecture, The User As Inhabitant: Design Through A Christopher Alexander Lens, Molly Wright Steenson
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The architect Christopher Alexander contributed the major notion of “architecture” to the field of design research and its associated practices, an engagement that began in 1962, with the Design Methods movement. As co- author of A Pattern Language and author of such books as Notes on the Synthesis of Form and The Timeless Way of Building, he and his colleagues influenced the notion of architecture in the fields of design, design research and computer programming. Through the joint interpretations and applications of Alexander’s version of architecture by designers and programmers, two important practices emerged: the use of patterns in programming, …
The Value Of Design: An Issue Of Vision, Creativity And Interpretation, Mariana Fonseca Braga
The Value Of Design: An Issue Of Vision, Creativity And Interpretation, Mariana Fonseca Braga
DRS Biennial Conference Series
What is the value of design? Why should firms invest in design? The paper aims at clarifying the value of design, its dimensions and its variables (qualitative and quantitative) throughout a literature review and analysis. The premise is that firms invest in design to create value. Design has evolved, becoming closely related to innovation, and the need to clarify its dimensions and relationships to value within firms and society rises. Despite the global growing interest in design, it is not fully understood how it brings benefits to the company. The concept of value is found in a fragmented literature including …
Expectations And Prejudices Usurp Judgements Of Schematic Map Effectiveness, Maxwell J. Roberts, C. N. Vaeng
Expectations And Prejudices Usurp Judgements Of Schematic Map Effectiveness, Maxwell J. Roberts, C. N. Vaeng
DRS Biennial Conference Series
A usability study is reported in which objective measures of performance were compared with subjective ratings of design effectiveness for two novel schematic London Underground maps. One of these was designed conventionally, but was deliberately intended to have complex line trajectories. The other was a novel curvilinear design, prioitised similarly. The selection of designs was motivated by a previous usability rating study in which the curvilinear map had received the lowest scores. For the current study, people planned a series of journeys using both designs. The curvilinear map yielded superior performance in terms of time to plan each journey. Despite …
Knowledgeability Culture: Co-Creation In Practice, Alicen Coddington, Colin Giang, Alexander Graham, Anne Prince, Pauliina Mattila, Christine Thong, Anita Kocsis
Knowledgeability Culture: Co-Creation In Practice, Alicen Coddington, Colin Giang, Alexander Graham, Anne Prince, Pauliina Mattila, Christine Thong, Anita Kocsis
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Co-creation is a term that traverses a philosophy, method and mindset of collective creativity. It is an evolving construct used by diverse disciplines, but as yet is imperfectly defined (Sanders & Stappers, 2012). This paper explores co-creation within a community of practice in Design Factory Melbourne (DFM) at Swinburne University of Technology. This community of practice includes researchers, academics, industry and external collaborators working towards shared meaning, which is the collective understanding of the industry problem-context. We understand co-creation as negotiation through which solutions are optimised rather than compromised. The community of practice is guided by five principles; safety, exploration, …
The Prototype As A Cosmopolitical Place: Ethnographic Design Practice And Research At The National Zoo In Santiago, Chile, Pablo Hermansen, José Neira
The Prototype As A Cosmopolitical Place: Ethnographic Design Practice And Research At The National Zoo In Santiago, Chile, Pablo Hermansen, José Neira
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This article presents an empirical reflection about the design of prototypes and the individualization of some animals at the National Zoo in Santiago, Chile. Using the material produced by design students, we describe how the process of prototyping contributes to singularize those animals, therefore becoming a cosmopolitical device. The environmental enrichment for chimpanzees case will demonstrate how prototyping displays a truly ontological vocation, establishing open processes of dialogue and experimentation. Its provisional, malleable and fragile nature turns the prototype into a locus for inquiry and exploration; its cosmopolitical qualities derived from its many forms of ontological diplomacy: instead of stabilizing …
Moving Textile Artisans’ Communities Towards A Sustainable Future – A Theoretical Framework, Francesco Mazzarella, Carolina Escobar-Tello, Val Mitchell
Moving Textile Artisans’ Communities Towards A Sustainable Future – A Theoretical Framework, Francesco Mazzarella, Carolina Escobar-Tello, Val Mitchell
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The current economic crisis is building momentum for designers to challenge the linear take-make-waste model and explore sustainable strategies, services and systems. With this in mind, this research explores how service design can encourage textile artisans’ communities towards a sustainable future, providing social engagement, rescuing cultural heritage, boosting economic development and enhancing environmental stewardship. Service design is here proposed as an approach to empower such communities, co-design collaborative services and sustain innovations within an enabling ecosystem. The paper focuses on the first study of this research where a theoretical framework to help textile artisans’ communities transitioning to a sustainable future …
The Aesthetics Of Action In New Social Design, Ilpo Koskinen
The Aesthetics Of Action In New Social Design, Ilpo Koskinen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Social design has recently gained more attention for several reasons and it has responded to these through new forms. One question literature in social design needs to address is aesthetics. Its aesthetic approaches has been discussed elsewhere (author), but one remaining question is the aesthetics of action in it. This paper asks what kinds of aesthetic approaches are there to social objects such as social forms and organizations. It describes three approaches to the aesthetics of action, agonistic, convivial and conceptual, and studies their implications through three case studies in London, Milan, and Helsinki. The paper is a part of …
Prototyping In The In - Between. A Method For Spatial Design Education, Jennie Anderson-Schaeffer, Marianne Palmgren
Prototyping In The In - Between. A Method For Spatial Design Education, Jennie Anderson-Schaeffer, Marianne Palmgren
DRS Biennial Conference Series
A challenge in today's design education practice is to formulate and use methods that support competences in the in-between-space between basic form training and learning that is relevant for designers in the future society. The aim of the paper is to discuss and to evaluate prototyping exercises in design education placed in that in-between space. Four different approaches to prototyping exercises are described, examined and evaluated in the paper. The prototyping exercises are engaging the students in the learning cycle phases of learning by experimentation and learning by experiencing. The result shows that the prototyping exercises did support learning of …