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Embodiment, Authority And The International Criminalization Of Sexual Violence Against Women, Carol Harrington
Embodiment, Authority And The International Criminalization Of Sexual Violence Against Women, Carol Harrington
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
This article analyzes interviews with African American women about their work prosecuting sexual and gender based violence at international tribunals. The analysis distinguishes abolitionist and early feminist themes from psychologized human rights discourse on trauma. Thus, these feminists avoid pathologizing victims, unlike much policy discourse on trauma and crisis intervention.
Refugees, Sexual Violence, And Armed Conflict: The Nuances Between Victims And Agents, Erin Rider
Refugees, Sexual Violence, And Armed Conflict: The Nuances Between Victims And Agents, Erin Rider
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
The examination of forced migration of political refugees from sexual violence in armed conflict offers a unique vantage point for exploring the relationship between structure and agency. While it is significant to acknowledge the lack of autonomy accessible to political refugees, simultaneously, it is problematic to assume that their actions do not qualify as agency. I argue that it is possible on one hand to address the lack of agency related to the imposed structure, while on the other hand, to theorize marginalized actors’ form of agency based on their ability to actively negotiate forced conditions in order to secure …
Editorial, Tonia St.Germain
Editorial, Tonia St.Germain
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
This issue is motivated by the quest for social justice, and seeks to present feminist inquiry from a wide range of perspectives on social, cultural, economic, political, and legal phenomena important to the study of wartime sexual violence. As editor, I recognize that these authors share a common commitment to justice when it comes to ending conflict-related sexual violence. Each writer, in her own way, examines how women in more developed countries must learn from the experiences of women in countries located primarily in the developing and less-developed world. The writers explore not only the institution of patriarchy that dictates …
Living In The Shadows Of Past Atrocities: War Babies Of Bosnia, Lina Strupinskiene
Living In The Shadows Of Past Atrocities: War Babies Of Bosnia, Lina Strupinskiene
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
For centuries rape has been considered as an inherent part of war-culture, as a natural expression of hatred, and as a way for soldiers to release sexual energy. After the recent atrocities committed by Serbian forces in Bosnia however, it became recognized as having the capacity of a weapon of war and even as a tool for genocide. Women were attacked due to their reproductive ability, aiming to impregnate them with Serb babies. This has led to recent attention to children born of war and attempts to establish their status as victims of human rights violations. Current research is challenged …
Sexual Misconduct And International Aid Workers: An Afghanistan Case Study, Jennifer Fluri
Sexual Misconduct And International Aid Workers: An Afghanistan Case Study, Jennifer Fluri
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
This paper seeks to add to existing study of gender and conflict by examining the complexities of interactions between international workers and local populations in spaces mired in war or post-war conflicts. Feminist scholarship on gender, war, and political violence/security provides the theoretical and empirically informed framework for this examination. I argue that in order to discuss Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA), it is necessary to first consider context with respect to location, gender, belief, and praxis. "Universal" conceptions of sexual conduct, misconduct, and SEA may be in opposition to acceptable practices within a particular site and situation. This includes …
Resistances And Institutional Appropriations By Non-Governmental Organizations Around The Notion Of Victims Of Sexual Violence: The Case Of Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) In The Republic Of Congo, Françoise Duroch
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
This article analyzes Doctors Without Borders’ (MSF) organizational transformation serving victims of sexual violence. It examines how conflicts, AIDS, and media coverage shaped the institutional environment’s resistance and motivation to change. Using social representations of victims and ethical and technical issues MSF reconsidered its field interventions and institutional learning dynamic.
Investigating The Role Of Government Legislation And Its Implementation In Addressing Gender Based Violence Among Returnee Refugee Women In Liberia, Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso
Investigating The Role Of Government Legislation And Its Implementation In Addressing Gender Based Violence Among Returnee Refugee Women In Liberia, Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
Empirical evidence has demonstrated that in contemporary wars, women and children bear the brunt of the violence unleashed in the form of killings, abductions, and various forms of gendered violence. This research investigates the ways in which returnee refugee women in post war Liberia experience gender-based violence in their everyday lives. It also investigates the role of governmental agencies in addressing this violence and the implications of all these for the reintegration of returnee women and peace in the country generally. To this end, fieldwork was carried out in Liberia employing in-depth and semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, document review, …
An Appraisal Of Rwanda’S Response To Survivors Who Experienced Sexual Violence In 1994, Chitra Nagarajan
An Appraisal Of Rwanda’S Response To Survivors Who Experienced Sexual Violence In 1994, Chitra Nagarajan
Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies
Over a million people were killed in 1994 during Rwanda’s genocide and war, with many women compelled to ‘offer’ sex, raped, held in collective or individual sexual slavery and mutilated. An estimated 250 000 to 500 000 women still alive were raped between 1990 and 1994, 30 000 pregnancies resulted from rape and the 67% of survivors considered HIV positive continue to suffer the consequences of wartime sexual violence (Wells, 2004-2005). Countless women now live with serious illnesses, pain or injury, unable to provide for families. The level of trauma is severe, compounded by shame, exclusion, stigma, survivor’s guilt and …