Digital Commons Network^™

Inter-Institutional Analysis Of Skin Of Color Representation In Dermatological Lecture Content At Md And Do Medical Schools, Oluwafunke O. Ogunremi, Blake Fredericksen, John Komas, Sana F. Ismail, Siri Knusten-Larson, Valeriy Kozmenko, Afia Albin

Student Publications

The purpose of this study was to analyze the lecture materials provided in medical schools through a diversity lens. Skin pathologies manifest distinctively on various shades of skin and physicians must be equipped with the proper knowledge to identify and diagnose these conditions accurately and promptly. For most medical students, images in prominent textbooks and lecture slides are their first encounter with disease presentations. Therefore, it is important to analyze the diversity of skin tones in the content that is being delivered. Specifically, the use of images featuring darker skin tones compared to those depicting lighter skin tones. This study …

Merging Adoption Of Natural Climate Solutions In Agriculture With Climatic And Non-Climatic Risks Within An (Intra)Gendered Framework, Kwabena Antwi

Student Publications

The extant research on climate variability shares significant theoretical contributions to vulnerability and risks. However, the literature mostly focuses on technical solutions to climate extremes which undermines efforts to identify and solve the dynamics within gender groups in using agricultural-based natural climate solutions (NCS) to address climatic and non-climatic risks. With this in mind, this study implements both quantitative and qualitative approaches including household surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions to investigate the adoption of NCS within gender groups to address climatic and non-climatic risks in three selected communities (Katanga, Dakio, and Zonno) in the Bolgatanga East District …

Immune Responses To Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection In The Liver Of Diabetic Mice, Ali Badaoui, Kayvan Sasaninia, Aishvaryaa Shree Mohan, Abrianna Beever, Nala Kachour, Anmol Raien, Afsal Kolloli, Ranjeet Kumar, Santhamani Ramasamy, Selvakumar Subbian, Vishwanath Venketaraman

Student Publications

Individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are highly susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection. Novel treatments for TB are needed to address the increased antibiotic resistance and hepatoxicity. Previous studies showed that the administration of liposomal glutathione (L-GSH) can mitigate oxidative stress, bolster a granulomatous response, and diminish the M. tb burden in the lungs of M. tb-infected mice. Nonetheless, the impact of combining L-GSH with conventional TB treatment (RIF) on the cytokine levels and granuloma formation in the livers of diabetic mice remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated hepatic cytokine profiles, GSH, and tissue pathologies …

Bilateral Tensor Fascia Suralis Muscles And Unilateral Accessory Biceps Femoris Muscle: A Cadaveric Case Study, Makayla M. Swancutt, Jared M. Hailey, Jennifer F. Dennis

Student Publications

Purpose This study reports the findings of bilateral tensor fascia suralis muscles (TFS) and a unilateral accessory muscle belly of the biceps femoris (AMBF) in a 72-year-old female.

Case report The findings were initially identified during educational dissection of the lower extremities by medical students. The AMBF and bilateral TFS were further dissected to identify their origins and insertions. The left TFS (length, 22.83±0.05 cm; width, 6.24±0.14 mm) originated from the biceps femoris long head muscle (BFLH) and inserted onto the crural fascia overlying the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle. The right TFS (length, 114.89 ±0.62 mm; width, 9.82±0.11 mm) …

A One-Year Relapse Prediction Model For Acute Ischemic Stroke (Ais) Based On Clinical Big Data, Wenle Li, Zhengdong Ding, Liangqun Rong, Xiu'e Wei, Chenyu Sun, Scott Lowe, Muzi Meng, Chan Xu, Chengliang Yin, Haiyan Liu, Wencai Liu, Qian Zhou, Kai Wang

Student Publications

Objective

To develop and evaluate a nomogram prediction model for recurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within one year.

Method

Patients with AIS treated at the second affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from August 2017 to July 2019 were enrolled. Clinical data such as demographic data, risk factors, laboratory tests, TOAST etiological types, MRI features, and treatment methods were collected. Cox regression analysis was done to determine the parameters for entering the nomogram model. The performance of the model was estimated by receiver operating characteristic curves, decision curve analysis, calibration curves, and C-index.

Result

A total of 645 patients …

Acute Appendicitis In The Setting Of Infectious Mononucleosis: A Case Report, Kaedon Buchmiller, Michael G. Smith, Michael Valentine, Kyle K. Turner, Brent Pickett

Student Publications

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a viral illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that typically manifests with pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue. In rare cases, IM can cause acute appendicitis. We present the case of an 18-year-old female who arrived at the emergency department with worsening abdominal pain and an ongoing cough. Initial imaging showed a questionably dilated appendix, and a follow-up examination revealed cervical lymphadenopathy. She later returned to the ED with severe abdominal pain, clinical signs of acute appendicitis, and a positive monospot test, which led to an appendectomy. This case illustrates the need for complete history taking and thorough …

Exploring The Effects Of Coronary Artery Disease As A Preexisting Comorbidity On Mortality In Hospitalized Septic Patients: A Retrospective Observation Study, Anmol Multani, Greg Stahl, Kerry Johnson, Scott Goade, Robert Arnce

Student Publications

Background: Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate, and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis outcomes. Septic patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis outcomes. By identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression, we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care costs. Chronic comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse outcomes. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common comorbidity, especially in the elderly, and a leading cause of death globally. We wished to investigate the influence of CAD as a …

Mid- To Long-Term Outcomes In Patients After Hip Arthroscopy With Labral Reconstruction: A Systematic Review, David Nam-Woo Kim, Scott Fong, Nancy Park, Jacquelyn Simington, Louise Atadja, Nicholas Pettinelli, Michael S. Lee, Stephen M. Gillinov, David R. Maldonado, Andrew E. Jimenez

Student Publications

Background: There is a paucity of aggregate data documenting mid- to long-term outcomes of patients after hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction.

Purpose: To report mid- to long-term outcomes in patients after undergoing either primary or revision hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction for the treatment of irreparable labral tears.

Study design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases in May 2022 was conducted with the following keywords: "hip arthroscopy,""labral reconstruction,""irreparable,""labrum,""reconstruction,""five-year,""midterm,""5 year,""long-term,""10 year," ten-year," and "femoroacetabular impingement" using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Midterm was defined …

Herniation Of The Right Colon, From The Cecum To The Hepatic Flexure, Through The Foramen Of Winslow: A Case Report, Austin M. Lundgren, Jordan Fader, Griffin A. Dufek, Ani G. Nathalang-Piñon

Student Publications

Herniation of bowel contents between the peritoneal cavity proper and the omental bursa, through the foramen of Winslow, can present diagnostic challenges that can potentially delay necessary surgical intervention. This case describes a 49-year-old female with a past medical history of hiatal hernia and biliary dyskinesia who presented to the emergency department with severe epigastric and right lower quadrant abdominal pain one day after a reported gastrointestinal illness of unknown etiology. Initial emergency department workup demonstrated an elevated white blood cell count without lactic acidosis. Computed tomography imaging was interpreted as gastric distension with volvulus around the mesentery and second …

Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (Upar) In Inflammation And Disease: A Unique Inflammatory Pathway Activator, Mostafa Hamada, Kyle S. Varkoly, Omer Riyadh, Roxana N. Beladi, Ganesh Munuswamy-Ramanujam, Alan Rawls, Jeanne Wilson-Rawls, Hao Chen, Grant Mcfadden, Alexandra R. Lucas

Student Publications

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a unique protease binding receptor, now recognized as a key regulator of inflammation. Initially, uPA/uPAR was considered thrombolytic (clot-dissolving); however, recent studies have demonstrated its predominant immunomodulatory functions in inflammation and cancer. The uPA/uPAR complex has a multifaceted central role in both normal physiological and also pathological responses. uPAR is expressed as a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked receptor interacting with vitronectin, integrins, G protein-coupled receptors, and growth factor receptors within a large lipid raft. Through protein-to-protein interactions, cell surface uPAR modulates intracellular signaling, altering cellular adhesion and migration. The uPA/uPAR also modifies extracellular activity, activating …

Managing Cow's Milk Protein Allergy During The 2022 Formula Shortage: Decision-Making Among Pediatric Healthcare Providers, Lea V. Oliveros, Jerry M. Brown, Abigail Fabbrini, Andrew Farrar, Luke Lamos, Jared Florio, Jesse Beacker, Jessica V. Baran, Michael Wilsey

Student Publications

Introduction: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) affects 2%-7% of infants and is managed with hypoallergenic formulas. The 2022 recalls of infant formulas due to factors including contamination led to specialty formula shortages, highlighting CMPA management challenges. Understanding healthcare providers' (HCPs) decision-making in transitioning to alternative formulas during shortages is crucial. Limited attention has been given to how pediatric physicians make these choices.

Methods: This study utilized US HCPs' de-identified survey data to assess driving factors when switching extensively hydrolyzed formulas during shortages.

Results: 104 eligible HCPs participated, including general pediatrics, pediatric allergy/immunology, and pediatric gastroenterology specialists. Safety, tolerability, and efficacy …

Opiate Withdrawal-Associated Esotropia: A Case Report And Systematic Review, Varun Kasula, Brody M. Fogleman, Maaya Dev, Tyler Rizzieri, Corinne O'Brien, Rupa Shetty

Student Publications

Esotropia, which is the medial deviation of one or both eyes, is a rare withdrawal symptom that has been associated with opiate addiction. We report a case of a 36-year-old female patient who developed acute-onset esotropia and diplopia after self-admission to a psychiatric facility for fentanyl addiction treatment and a systematic review of this rare presentation. A search of four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar) was conducted as of January 2024. We found 15 documented cases of opiate withdrawal-associated esotropia, with an average age of 27.2 years and an average time between last use and symptom onset of …

A Systematic Review Of Tablet-Based Interactive Distraction As A Preoperative Anxiolytic In Pediatric Patients Undergoing Same-Day Procedures, Chance Aplanalp, Randall Hansen, Alex Otto, Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten, Hallie Baker, Tanner Aldridge, Jaxon Davis, Blake Hansen

Student Publications

Evidence shows tablet-based interactive distraction (TBID) is effective as a preoperative anxiolytic in pediatric patients. TBID involves age-appropriate video games that have been preloaded onto a tablet (TAB) and subsequently given to a pediatric patient before the administration of anesthesia. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of previous studies that have investigated the use of TBID to minimize preoperative anxiety. The literature criteria for this systematic review included randomized controlled trials and prospective studies that used TBID as a method to reduce preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients aged 1-12 years. Data extraction concentrated on the …

An Unidentified Infiltrative Etiology Of Spinal Cord Compression: A Case Report And Literature Review, Michael J. Valentine, Fakhar Hayat, Ankur Kayastha, Takara R. Newsome-Cuby, Anh Thu N. Nguyen, Usama Aldallal, Mohamed Ismail

Student Publications

Spinal cord compression is a neurosurgical emergency. Symptoms of this disorder are highlighted as back pain, ambulatory difficulties, and bladder/bowel incontinence. Diagnostic imaging is not indicated in many circumstances of nonspecific back pain; however, the addition of neurologic deficits in the setting of back pain justifies radiologic imaging. Various pathologies can cause constriction of the spinal cord due to the delicate nature of spinal cord anatomy. Etiologies may include trauma, neoplasms, and infections. In this report, we present an unusual case of a 31-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with a history of chronic back pain accompanied by …

Sympathetic Duet: Simultaneous Stellate Ganglion Block And Thoracic Epidural Analgesia In The Successful Termination Of Ventricular Storm, Garret Heiberger, Clayton Busch, Steven Havlik, Antonius Gunawan, Timothy Woodin, Richard Bryant

Student Publications

This article discusses the management of ventricular storm (VS), a condition characterized by recurrent episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, which poses a significant risk of mortality. Prompt intervention is crucial, yet surgical options are often limited due to the patient's unstable condition. This case report presents a 47-year-old female who experienced VS during a planned surgical procedure. Despite initial stabilization, she continued to experience life-threatening arrhythmias, prompting the implementation of simultaneous stellate ganglion block (SGB) and thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) catheters. This combined approach successfully controlled the arrhythmias, allowing for subsequent surgical interventions. The article emphasizes the potential …

The Impact Of Historical Redlining On Neurosurgeon Distribution And Reimbursement In Modern Neighborhoods, Jean-Luc K. Kabangu, John Dugan, Benson Joseph, Amanda Hernandez, Takara R. Newsome-Cuby, Danny Fowler, Momodou G. Bah, Lane Fry, Sonia V. Eden

Student Publications

Background: This study examines the lasting impact of historical redlining on contemporary neurosurgical care access, highlighting the need for equitable healthcare in historically marginalized communities.

Objective: To investigate how redlining affects neurosurgeon distribution and reimbursement in U.S. neighborhoods, analyzing implications for healthcare access.

Methods: An observational study was conducted using data from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) National File, Home Owner’s Loan Corporation (HOLC) neighborhood grades, and demographic data to evaluate neurosurgical representation across 91 U.S. cities, categorized by HOLC Grades (A, B, C, D) and gentrification status.

Results: Of the 257 neighborhoods, Grade A, B, C, …

Biomarkers Of Metal Exposure In Adolescent E-Cigarette Users: Correlations With Vaping Frequency And Flavouring, Andrew Kochvar, Gary Hao, Hongying Daisy Dai

Student Publications

Background: Youth vaping poses a significant public health concern as metals have been detected in e-cigarette aerosols and liquids. This study investigated factors associated with biomarkers of metal exposure.

Methods: Data were drawn from Wave 5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Youth Panel, a nationally representative sample of US adolescents aged 13-17 years. Urinary biomarkers of exposure to cadmium, lead, and uranium were assessed by vaping frequency (occasional (1-5 days), intermittent (6-19 days), and frequent (20+ days)) in the past 30 days and flavour type (menthol/mint, fruit, and sweet).

Results: Among 200 exclusive e-cigarette users …

Cinnamaldehyde Protects Against P. Gingivalis Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction In Iec-6 Cells Via The Pi3k/Akt-Mediated No/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway, Chethan Sampath, Sasanka S. Chukkapalli, Abhinav V. Raju, Leela Subhashini C. Alluri, Dollada Srisai, Pandu R. Gangula

Student Publications

Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a Gram-negative oral pathogen, promotes and accelerates periodontitis-associated gut disorders. Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction is crucial in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic diseases. In this study, we sought to elucidate the protective role of cinnamaldehyde (CNM, an activator of Nrf2) against P. gingivalis (W83) and Pg-derived lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via antioxidative mechanisms in IEC-6 cells. IEC-6 (ATCC, CRL-1592) cells were pretreated with or without CNM (100 µM), in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis (strain W83, 109 MOI) or Pg-LPS (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL), …

Diagnosis And Current Treatment Strategies For Adult And Juvenile Hereditary Hemochromatosis, Tori Tyler, Amber Wiggins-Mcdaniel, Staton Mcbroom, Caroline Parry, Robert Tyler, Robert A. White

Student Publications

Hemochromatosis is a common genetic disorder manifesting as an iron overload state requiring complex processes in diagnosis, treatment, and management of both adult, and pediatric, populations. This review outlines general diagnostic and treatment strategies for hemochromatosis detailing fundamental processes in iron excess, or iron overload, through physiologic function and associated pathological effects. Genetic mutations, as ascribed to hemochromatosis, have significant impact in producing pathophysiology. Understanding basic pathophysiological mechanisms can inform future diagnosis and treatment through advances such as erythrocytophoresis. Linking concepts related to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of adult and juvenile hereditary hemochromatosis with scientific advances may enlighten clinical …

Misinformation Persists In Complementary Health: Evaluating The Reliability And Quality Of Youtube-Based Information On The Use Of Acupuncture For Chronic Pain, Majesty Greer, Sai Kamma, Henry Tran, Bright Etumuse, Jay D. Shah, Youshaa El-Abed, Jane O. Onyemachi, Nasir Hussain, Thomas P. Pittelkow

Student Publications

Introduction: Acupuncture is commonly used to treat chronic pain. Patients often access public social media platforms for healthcare information when querying acupuncture. Our study aims to appraise the utility, accuracy, and quality of information available on YouTube, a popular social media platform, on acupuncture for chronic pain treatment.
Methods: Using search terms such as “acupuncture for chronic pain” and “acupuncture pain relief”, the top 54 videos by view count were selected. Included videos were > 1 minute duration, contained audio in English, had > 7000 views, and was related to acupuncture. One primary outcome of interest was categorizing each video’s usefulness as …

Surgically Repaired Tetralogy Of Fallot In The 7th Decade: A Late Presentation Of Severe Pulmonic Regurgitation, Kyle S. Varkoly, Akarsh Parekh, Melissa Ianitelli, Mostafa Hamada, Alexandra R. Lucas, Thomas Forbes

Student Publications

Background: Surgically repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart disease with a cumulative survival rate of 72% in the 4th decade of life in longitudinal single-cohort studies. Debate surrounds conservative versus surgical management in adults with TOF once pulmonary regurgitation occurs.

Case presentation: A 73-year-old male with surgically corrected TOF presented with heart failure symptoms. He underwent ToF repair with a classic right Blalock-Taussig shunt at 2 years of age with transannular patching at 18 years of age. Echocardiography revealed elevated right ventricular systolic pressures, severe right ventricular dilatation, and pulmonary regurgitation. Our patient's new-onset right-sided heart failure …

Sex Differences In Adult Incarceration After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Anurag Modak, Kyle E. Zappi, Alexander J. Catoya, Mehdi S. Lemdani, Gretchen M. Koller, Laurel Seltzer, Ryan E. Radwanski, Susan C. Pannullo

Student Publications

Pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is a major risk factor associated with adulthood incarceration. Most research into the link between pTBI and adulthood incarceration has focused on incarcerated males, who comprise the vast majority of incarcerated adults, particularly in industrialized nations. In this review, we sought to identify sex-related differences in the incidence and pathophysiology of pTBI and subsequent risk of adulthood incarceration. A scoping review was undertaken using PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and the Cochrane Library. Articles analyzing sex-related differences in pTBI and adult incarceration rates, studies conducted on an incarcerated population, and cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical trials, systematic …

Improving Pharmacokinetics Of Peptides Using Phage Display, Mallika Asar, Jessica Newton-Northup, Mette Soendergaard

Student Publications

Phage display is a versatile method often used in the discovery of peptides that targets disease-related biomarkers. A major advantage of this technology is the ease and cost efficiency of affinity selection, also known as biopanning, to identify novel peptides. While it is relatively straightforward to identify peptides with optimal binding affinity, the pharmacokinetics of the selected peptides often prove to be suboptimal. Therefore, careful consideration of the experimental conditions, including the choice of using in vitro, in situ, or in vivo affinity selections, is essential in generating peptides with high affinity and specificity that also demonstrate desirable pharmacokinetics. Specifically, …

Unilateral Choanal Atresia In A Child With Prolonged Nasal Congestion, Lindsay Ussher, Carli David, Randall Hansen, Alex Otto, Scott Mcclintick, Kent Mcintire, Suporn Sukpraprut-Braaten

Student Publications

Choanal atresia obstructs the nasal passage due to abnormal bony or soft tissue remnants owing to the faulty canalization of the nasal passages during fetal development. The clinical manifestations are more pronounced in bilateral cases, often presenting immediately after birth with cyanosis turning pink when crying, as newborns are obligatory nasal breathers. This contrasts in unilateral cases, where the condition may present with mild symptoms and be diagnosed later in life. We present a case of a five-year-old male who initially presented with a concern for nasal polyps due to nasal congestion with absent airflow out of the right nostril. …

The Relationship Between Immune-Related Adverse Events During Ipilimumab Monotherapy And Survival Outcomes Among Melanoma Patients: A Systematic Review, Jason Sheng, Manav Nayeni, Monali Malvankar

Student Publications

Background: Ipilimumab disinhibits immune system activity which results in the elimination of malignant cells. An unintended consequence of ipilimumab therapy is off-target immune-related adverse events (irAEs). It has therefore been proposed that the incidence of irAEs is a manifestation of treatment effectiveness. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between irAEs and survivability among melanoma patients administered ipilimumab monotherapy.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases which yielded a total of 2381 studies. Clinical trials and prospective studies administering ipilimumab monotherapy to melanoma patients were included. Furthermore, there was no restriction placed on publication …

Battle Of The Sections: Student Outcomes And Course Feedback Support Combined Prosection And Dissection Laboratory Formats To Maximize Student Success, Charles Coker, Robert S. Rogers, Blair Freed, Robert Steele, Monica Kinde, Galina Danilova, Schoen Kruse, Jennifer F. Dennis

Student Publications

Gross anatomy laboratories frequently utilize dissection or prosection formats within medical curricula. Practical examination scores are consistent across the formats, yet these examinations assessed larger anatomical structures. In contrast, a single report noted improved scores when prosection was used in the hand and foot regions, areas that are more difficult to dissect. The incorporation of prosected donors within "Head and Neck" laboratories provided an opportunity to further characterize the impact of prosection in a structurally complex area. Retrospective analysis of 21 Head and Neck practical examination questions was completed to compare scores among cohorts that utilized dissection exclusively or incorporated …

A Common Place, Volume 3, Spring 2024, Char Lavigne, Lee Kassay, John Travis Bridgham, Hannah Rice, Jordan Mcpherson, Grace (Asher) Beverly, Pearl Siff, Nat Velez-Camp, Mallory Isabella Davis, Judson Atkins, Nyla Mceachin, Bradley Pugh, Shaylise Jones

Student Publications

Fiction

Widowmaker by Char Lavigne

Waning Eve by Lee Kassay

Smoker’s Diner by John Travis Bridgham

The Rusty Scabbard by Hannah Rice

Nonfiction

Portraito of My Father by Jordan Mcpherson

Poetry

Angel Girl by Grace (Asher) Beverly

Sons Of Actaeon by Grace (Asher) Beverly

Good Soil by Pearl Siff

Celestial by Nat Velez-Camp

The Hill by Mallory Isabella Davis

Hierba Mala Nunca Muere by Mallory Isabella Davis

Visual Art

Lips by Judson Atkins

Discarded Cigarettes by Nyla Mceachin

Open Space and Safety by Bradley Pugh

Conte Crayon Self-Portrait by Shaylise Jones

Untitled 2363 by Judson Atkins

An Abnormal Presentation Of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: A Case Report, Joshua J. Nelson, Kaedon Buchmiller, Michael J. Valentine, Kirthika Lakshmanan, Ankur Kayastha, Jagjot S. Dhingra, Riley G. Fisher, Connor A. Parry, Annie K. Konrad, Arman Mughal, Carol E. Kirila

Student Publications

The intracellular coccobacilli Rickettsia rickettsii causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, a potentially fatal illness. This bacterium is transmitted to humans through a tick vector. Patients classically present with a triad of symptoms, including fever, headache, and a rash that begins on the extremities and spreads proximally to the trunk. Diagnosis of this disease can prove difficult when patients have unusual symptoms, such as hypertensive crisis. In this case report, we present a 29-year-old male who arrived at the emergency room with altered mental status and a hypertensive crisis after his family reported one week of changes in his behavior. The …

Haloperidol-Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report, Jordan Fader, Madison Walker Evans, Austin M. Lundgren, Trenton B. Sigmund, Taylor J. Allen

Student Publications

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a severe reaction to antipsychotic medications characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Here, we describe the case of a 58year-old female who presented with altered mental status two days after open reduction and internal fixation of the hip. A rapid response team was called when the patient appeared agitated with increased respiratory demand. After being intubated and moved to the ICU, she became febrile and rigid. A preliminary diagnosis of metabolic encephalopathy of unknown origin was made. Before being transported to the ICU, the patient was given multiple haloperidol doses …

The Effect Of Covid-19 Infection On Clinical Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair Of Humerus Fractures, Nicholas Scigliano, Troy B. Puga, Noah M. Scigliano, Yale K. Williams, Michael A. Boin

Student Publications

Introduction

Limited research exists on the association between coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection and outcomes following surgical fixation for humerus fractures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing humerus fracture surgery.

Methods

Approval to utilize insurance claim data from the Change Healthcare dataset was obtained from the Datavant COVID-19 Research Database. Patients older than 55 years old who underwent humerus fracture surgery from April 1, 2020, to March 1, 2022, were included in the analysis. COVID-19 status, comorbidities, and adverse events were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, …