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Peyote And Peyotism, Brian P. Akers

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to provide a general comparative discussion of the native use of peyote, past and present.

Historic sources and ethnographic accounts are reviewed in light of relevant botanical, pharmacological, and ethnological considerations.

An Ethnographic Study Of Punk Rock In Western Michigan: Identity In A Youth Subculture, Robert P. Pomeroy

Masters Theses

This thesis presents an ethnosemantic analysis of the punk rock subculture of western Michigan. Assertion of personal identity is demonstrated to be the underlying principle which organizes punk terminology for their music, cultural environment, and members of the subcultures. An analysis of punk song lyrics, visual style, and verbal style demonstrates that this assertion of identity is accomplished through opposition to the dominant American culture. Punk rock can then be understood as a subculture of cultural rebellion which allows its members to assert their individuality through violation of culturally accepted aesthetic values.

Faunal Resources, Butchering Patterns, And Seasonality At The Eastman Rockshelter (40sl34): An Interpretation Of Function, Bruce Louis Manzano

Masters Theses

This study presents a model on the role the Eastman Rockshelter (40SL34) played in settlement-subsistence systems of prehistoric human groups who once occupied northeastern Tennessee. Expectations generated from the model are tested through the analysis of a faunal sample recovered from the shelter. These remains date from the Late Archaic to Mississippian time periods. The fauna is well preserved and represents a variety of species including the first archaeological occurrence of an extinct fish, the harelip sucker.

The model assumes a shift in shelter use from earlier residentially mobile hunter/gatherer groups to its later use by task force hunting groups. …

Surface Artifact Assemblage Variability: A Consideration Of The Natural Factors Influencing Artifact Recovery, William B. Turner

Masters Theses

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of naturally occurring variables on surface artifact recovery. This was accomplished by isolating and reviewing pertinent variables, which are rainfall and soil factors. Information from this review was incorporated into an experiment designed to measure the effects of rainfall on artifact exposure and recovery. The results from the surface recovery experiment were used to form baseline data that allowed meaningful interpretation of three additional plowzone data recovery exercises. These were (1) artifact detection by shovel test, (2) prediction of surface density from plowzone excavation data, and (3) reliability of surface …

Allometric Variation Of The Postcranial Skeleton In Two South American Tamarins Saguinus Oedipus Oedipus And Saguinus Fuscicollis Illigeri (Callitrichidae, Primates), Anthony B. Falsetti

Masters Theses

This research examines several aspects of allometry in the postcranial skeleton of two South American tamarins Saguinus oedipus oedipus and Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri. The statistical method used for analyzing these groups is reduced major axis regression. Bivariate plots are used to qualitatively evaluate group differences, particularly in regard to differing locomotor behavior. The allometric variation in the postcrania of these two species is described. Finally, allometric comparisons between these groups are made.

Heterochronic terminology is used to describe the allometric patterning. The most important result of this study is that geometric similarity was determined to exist between the groups. …

The Brainerd Mill And The Tellico Mills: The Development Of Water-Milling In The East Tennessee Valley, Loretta Ettien Lautzenheiser

Masters Theses

This study documents the archaeological and historical investigations of four water-powered mills in the eastern Tennessee Valley. This study points out the value of both archaeological and archival material to obtain a fuller picture of the function of these mills, and of their economic and social roles.

A review of the development of water power technology is included in this study. A knowledge of this technology is necessary to help in the formulation of clear research designs when investigating water powered mills.

The recovery of a large amount of power-transmission related artifacts helps to develop a clearer picture of milling …

Comparative Odontometric Scaling In Two South American Tamarin Species: Saguinus Oedipus Oedipus And Saguinus Fuscicollis Illigeri (Callitrichinae, Cebidae), Theodore M. Cole Iii

Masters Theses

Tamarins (Genus Saguinus) are small-bodied, arboreal monkeys found in the jungles and rain forests of South America. They belong to the subfamily Callitrichinae, and differ morphologically from other South American monkeys (belonging to the subfamily Cebinae) in a number of respects. The phylogenetic status of the Callitrichinae, relative to the Cebinae, has been the subject of much recent debate.

Previous research involving tamarins has involved a number of a priori assumptions and generalizations. There is a tendency to regard the tamarins as morphologically, behaviorally, and ecologically homogenous. A recent increase in the frequency and quality of studies involving tamarins has …

Middle And Late Woodland Settlements In Selected Areas Of The Midsouth: A View From The Middle Duck River Drainage In Maury County, Tennessee, Charles Bentz Jr.

Masters Theses

Archaeological remains in the Middle Duck River Drainage of Middle Tennessee and other selected areas of the Midsouth offer the opportunity to study human adaptation in Middle and Late Woodland cultures. The basic attributes of such an adaptive system are the elements of technology, subsistence economy, and settlement patterns with other ancillary attributes consisting of mortuary activities, ceremonialism, and interregional exchange.

During the early Middle Woodland in the Midsouth semipermanent villages were established in the main river valley and adjacent uplands. In late Middle Woodland and Late Woodland times, these villages became larger and more intensively occupied in many areas. …

Archaeological Investigations Of Hayes Shelter (40ml143) And Archaic Period Lithic Technology In The Central Duck River Basin, Tennessee, Joseph M. Herbert

Masters Theses

Hayes Shelter (40ML143) is a small rockshelter site located on the Duck River in Middle Tennessee. Archaeological investigations were conducted at the site during the summers of 1982 and 1983 by the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology as part of the Columbia Archaeological Project. This thesis presents the results of these investigations and compares the lithic assemblages from Hayes Shelter with those recovered from seven additional sheltered sites and eight open sites in or near the Central Duck River Basin.

By comparing the lithic assemblages from these 16 sites, information was gained on patterns of variability in the distribution …

Variation In Tibial Morphology Of Three Arikara Skeletal Populations, William R. Crumbley

Masters Theses

The tibiae of the Arikara, a Northern South Dakota Plains Indian group, are analyzed to establish the biological affinities. The sample size is 232 tibiae representing 153 individuals. Three archaeological sites from the vicinity of Mobridge, South Dakota are represented, and they date between A.D. 1600-1832. Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses are used to analyze the data.

The results indicate that intragroup variation follows a uniform pattern allowing the identification of common elements of tibial morphology. Age-related changes occur in several variables for the Larson group for which two ex-explanations are offered for consideration. No side differences occur in …

Prehistoric Firewood Exploitation: A Case Study From The Carolinian Biotic Province, David Gordon De Fant

Masters Theses

A case study approach is applied to the problem of prehistoric firewood selection and utilization within a heterogeneous woodland environment. Prefaced by an indepth survey of theoretical and methodological approaches relevant to understanding resource exploitation, a wood charcoal analysis of the Schwerdt site (20AE127) is presented. This analysis is then discussed in regard to environmental, preservational, and functional contexts. It is suggested that this wood charcoal assemblage represents a subtle yet pervasive pattern of firewood selectivity operating within the overt bounds of expedient procurement.

An Analysis Of The Lithic Raw Materials And Diagnostic Projectile Points From The Settlement Pattern Survey Project In The Lower Kalamazoo River Valley, Amy L. Campbell

Masters Theses

This analysis was carried out on lithic materials collected during the three years of the Settlement Pattern Survey in the Lower Kalamazoo River valley, 1978-1980. The objectives of the study were to provide a firm temporal sequence for the prehistory of the area based on diagnostic projectile point styles, and to assess the dynamics of interregional contact via the identification of chert types from distant source areas. The sample of projectile points provided evidence of human occupation of the Lower Kalamazoo River valley from Paleoindian through Late Woodland times, most notably new evidence for significant occupation in the Early Archaic …

New Directions Within Applied Anthropology, Eleanor Mary Dominek

Masters Theses

This study explores the relationship between applied anthropological research and traditional anthropological research in terms of structural and methodological differences. The methods and techniques of Social Impact Assessment, as practiced in North America, and of international development anthropology are also compared. It is found that different kinds of applied anthropology modify methods and techniques (a) to meet the specific needs of supporting research institutions, (b) in response to the unique nature of individual applied problems, and (c) in order to create a type of research product which is very different from that of basic research.

A Statistical Analysis Of The Lithic Material From The Zemaitis Site (200t68), Ottawa County, Michigan, Michael L. Murphy

Masters Theses

An analysis of the lith ic tools and a representative sample of debitage from the Zemaitis site is presented. The methodology employed in lith ic analysis is described with the goal of comparab ility with other studies. Based upon this comparison i t is suggested that the major occupation of the site was during the Middle Woodland Period and the site appears to have been occupied year-round. Because the Zemaitis site was undisturbed by modern agricultural techniques, special attention is given to the artifact distributions both vertically and horizontally across the site.

With the aid of various statistical models the …

The Role Of Thermal Alteration In Lithic Reduction Strategies At The Leftwich Site In Middle Tennessee, Audrey L. Grubb

Masters Theses

Research in 1978, 1980 and 1981 at the Leftwich site (40MU262), located on the Duck River in Maury County, Tennessee revealed stratigraphically separated buried Archaic cultural strata. Radiocarbon dates of 6160 and 4190 to 4130 years before present were associated with Benton and Ledbetter projectile points, respectively. A functional analysis of artifacts from a controlled surface collection and two buried Archaic components at Leftwich is undertaken. Buried Benton and Ledbetter components were stratigraphically separated based on vertical density peaks of lithic artifacts and debitage, as well as pebbles larger than 6 mm in size.

The relationship of thermal alteration to …