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Effects Of Normal Stress On Water Flow Through A Single Roughwalled Rock Joint, Z Zhang, B Indraratna, C Kumara, Jan Anton Nemcik, W Gale
Effects Of Normal Stress On Water Flow Through A Single Roughwalled Rock Joint, Z Zhang, B Indraratna, C Kumara, Jan Anton Nemcik, W Gale
Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)
Water ingress to underground openings is one of the major concerns in mining and tunnelling, because, rock joints provide natural seepage paths for groundwater flow. To study the water flow through deformable rock joints, triaxial tests with water flow were conducted under various confining stress levels (0.7-5.0 MPa). Two tests were performed on fully mated fracture specimens, and three tests were performed on a non-mated specimen where the fractured surfaces were displaced by 2.0 mm at the start of the test. The results show that the volumetric flow rate decreases with the increase in the normal stress, but the decreasing …
Analysis Of Jet Characteristics And Structural Optimization Of A Liquamatic Fire Water Monitor With Self-Swinging Mechanism, Guoliang Hu, Ming Long, Juxing Liang, Weihua Li
Analysis Of Jet Characteristics And Structural Optimization Of A Liquamatic Fire Water Monitor With Self-Swinging Mechanism, Guoliang Hu, Ming Long, Juxing Liang, Weihua Li
Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)
This paper presents analysis and optimization of a liquamatic fire water monitor with a novel self-swinging mechanism. The design of the self-swinging mechanism has adopted a four-bar linkage driven by an impeller. The Fluent software was used to simulate the internal flow performance of the fire water monitor. In particular, the effects of the cross-sectional shape, diameters of the monitor body, inlet water pressure, and drive set of the self-swinging mechanism on the jet characteristics were analyzed. These analyses have led to optimal structural parameters of the flow channel. A prototype of the fire ware monitor was manufactured, and the …
Evolutionary Algorithm For Water Storage Forecasting Response To Climate Change With Small Data Sets: The Wolonghu Wetland, China, Qingwei Ni, Li Wang, Binghui Zheng, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Evolutionary Algorithm For Water Storage Forecasting Response To Climate Change With Small Data Sets: The Wolonghu Wetland, China, Qingwei Ni, Li Wang, Binghui Zheng, Muttucumaru Sivakumar
Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)
"A novel genetic programming (GP) technique, a new method of evolutionary algorithms, was applied to a small data set to predict the water storage of Wolonghu wetland in response to the climate change in the northeastern part of China. Fourteen years (1993-2006) of annual water storage and climatic data of the wetland were used for model training and testing. Results of simulations and predictions illustrate a good fit between calculated water storage and observed values (mean absolute percent error = 9.47, r = 0.99). By comparison, a multilayer perceptron method (a popular artificial neural network model) and Grey theory model …
N-Nitrosamine Removal By Reverse Osmosis For Indirect Potable Water Reuse – A Critical Review Based On Observations From Laboratory, Pilot And Full-Scale Studies, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
N-Nitrosamine Removal By Reverse Osmosis For Indirect Potable Water Reuse – A Critical Review Based On Observations From Laboratory, Pilot And Full-Scale Studies, Takahiro Fujioka, Stuart J. Khan, Yvan Poussade, Jorg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several other N-nitrosamines have been identified as probable human carcinogens. Here, we review key aspects related to the occurrence and removal of N-nitrosamines by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in the context of indirect potable water reuse. A comprehensive analysis of the existing data reveals significant variations in the rejection of NDMA by RO membranes reported in the literature, ranging from negligible up to 86%. This review article provides some insight into the reasons for such variations by examining the available data on the effects of operating conditions on NDMA rejection. Amongst several operating parameters investigated so far …
Analysis Of N-Nitrosamines In Water By Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry, James A. Mcdonald, Nick B. Harden, Long Nghiem, Stuart J. Khan
Analysis Of N-Nitrosamines In Water By Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry, James A. Mcdonald, Nick B. Harden, Long Nghiem, Stuart J. Khan
Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)
A method has been developed for the determination of eight N-nitrosamines in drinking water and treated municipal effluent. The method uses solid phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography (GC) and analysis by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) with electron ionization (EI). The target compounds are N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethyethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA), N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBuA), N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPip), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMorph). The use of direct isotope analogues for isotope dilution analysis of all analytes ensures accurate quantification, accounting for analytical variabilities that may occur during sample processing, extraction and …