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Self-Control Vs. Social Control As An Explanation For Delinquency., Marcel Joseph Parent
Self-Control Vs. Social Control As An Explanation For Delinquency., Marcel Joseph Parent
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although Gottfredson and Hirschi's (1990) General Theory of Crime has received much more attention over the last decade than that of Hirschi's (1969) Social Control Theory, it is imperative that the latter theory's contribution not be overlooked. Social Control Theory posits that delinquent acts result when an individuals bond to society is weak or broken. Hirschi proposed that the four elements comprising the social bond are attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. Due to the shortcomings of Social Control Theory's ability to explain delinquency, Gottfredson in collaboration with Hirschi (1990) formulated the General Theory of Crime. At the heart of the …
The Serial Murder Of Sex Workers: The Social Construction Of Serial Killers By Sex Worker Advocacy Groups, Heidi Rebecca Charlotte Baker
The Serial Murder Of Sex Workers: The Social Construction Of Serial Killers By Sex Worker Advocacy Groups, Heidi Rebecca Charlotte Baker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Historic, academic and popular discourses on the serial murder of prostitutes have failed to incorporate the voices of victimized sex workers and their advocates. To fill this void, this thesis investigates how the serial murder of prostitutes is socially constructed by sex worker advocacy groups. Using standard content analysis techniques, it analyzes on-line texts generated by sex worker advocacy groups that are seeking to raise awareness of the victimization of sex workers by serial murderers. It additionally analyzes on-line news media accounts of these advocacy efforts beyond the Internet. Advocacy efforts have brought victimization of prostitutes to public attention and …
Sex Offenders And The Criminal Justice System: An Exploration Of Public Opinion., Michelle Anne Coghlan
Sex Offenders And The Criminal Justice System: An Exploration Of Public Opinion., Michelle Anne Coghlan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This action-based research explored public opinion about sex offenses and how the criminal justice system should handle sex offenders, especially at the time of their release from prison and reintegration into the community. Sex offenses are crimes that people fear and they look to the criminal justice system for a solution to reduce fear and increase community safety. To date, previous work has largely neglected public opinion related to the treatment and release of sex offenders. Yet, public perceptions and beliefs can produce strong advocacy movements and attract considerable media attention. Qualitative methods were used to gather information from people …
Theoretical Perspective On Mutliple Risk Behaviour: The Influence Of Social Capital On Substance Use And Sexual-Risk Taking Among Young Men And Women., Sheri-Lynn. Medaglia
Theoretical Perspective On Mutliple Risk Behaviour: The Influence Of Social Capital On Substance Use And Sexual-Risk Taking Among Young Men And Women., Sheri-Lynn. Medaglia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of social capital on adolescent binge drinking, smoking and sexual behaviour, focusing specifically on the conceptualizations of social capital promulgated by three prominent theorists: Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman and Robert Putnam. The data used for this study is a sub-sample extracted from Statistic Canada's 1996--1997 National Population Health Survey. The sample for the present study comprises 2159 male respondents and 2019 female respondents between the ages of 15 and 19 years. The methods of analysis include ordinary least squares and logistic regressions. Risk behaviours were tested separately and in a …
Walking The Contested Terrain: An Exploration Of The Lifer Identity Post-Release And Its Role In Reintegration., Catherine Lynn. Brooke
Walking The Contested Terrain: An Exploration Of The Lifer Identity Post-Release And Its Role In Reintegration., Catherine Lynn. Brooke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to explore the identity of life-sentenced inmates ('lifers') after they are released from prison and the impact of identity on reintegration. This research is based on the literature that argues that inmates develop a convict identity while in prison. Few studies, however, follow these convicts after they are released; thus, little is known about the fate of the convict identity. Based on role exit theory and role transition literature, it was expected that lifers would be required to shed their identity as lifers and assume a straight identity for successful reintegration. Seven lifers were …
Camouflaged Liaisons: The Social Organization Of Turkish Male Sexual Minorities., Tarik. Bereket
Camouflaged Liaisons: The Social Organization Of Turkish Male Sexual Minorities., Tarik. Bereket
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This ethnographic study analyses the discourses of twenty Turkish men who have sex with other men, aiming to make sense of discernable patternings in their most intimate lives. The research documents the meanings ascribed to same-sex behavior by various participants, and sheds light on how homosexual desire is structured by the existing gender structure in Turkish society as a whole. The broader social and sexual culture within which discourses around anal intercourse are articulated show connections between homosexuality and heterosexuality, masculinity and femininity, and eventually, sexual penetrability and receptivity---in which all categories reveal certain 'gendered' power relations. My attempts to …
Constructing Victims: The Gendering Of Domestic Violence In The Print Media., Kameron Morgana Eve. Perchaluk (Nee Robinson)
Constructing Victims: The Gendering Of Domestic Violence In The Print Media., Kameron Morgana Eve. Perchaluk (Nee Robinson)
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this project is to explore gender constructions of domestic violence in Ontario newsprint media in the decade of the 1990s, and to examine the extent to which the victimization of male partners by female partners is under-represented during this time period, rendering male victims "invisible". Based on content analysis of articles from the Toronto Star and the Toronto Sun, this thesis argues that social constructions of gender shape portrayals of domestic violence victimization in the print media. The thesis finds no support in the data, however, for the hypothesis that the print media under-represents male domestic violence …
The Construction Of Ecstasy As A Social Problem In Toronto Newspapers (Ontario)., Sean Cristin. Miller
The Construction Of Ecstasy As A Social Problem In Toronto Newspapers (Ontario)., Sean Cristin. Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since the early 1990's there has been a considerable amount of attention given to ecstasy and raves in Toronto. This study examines newspaper coverage of ecstasy through a content analysis of all articles about ecstasy appearing in the Toronto Star, Globe and Mail and National Post from 1988 to 2002. Using a "contextual" constructionist perspective, claims-making activities of various individuals and/or groups is examined. Claims are contrasted with "objective evidence" to illustrate their constructed nature. It is concluded that ecstasy use in Toronto is not the "social problem" it is made out to be in newspaper accounts. A short discussion …
Unhcr And The Politics Of Refugee Repatriation., Melaku T. Awoke
Unhcr And The Politics Of Refugee Repatriation., Melaku T. Awoke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis critically examines the politics of refugee repatriation. Informed by a conceptual framework that draws on the concepts of "risk" (Beck 1992) and "governance" Rose (1999), the thesis investigates the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR's) risk and governing discourses. It problematizes and rejects UNHCR's treatment of refugees "as a security risk" as well as its governing discourses and practices of "repatriation" and "containment". It advances a new perspective for understanding the politics of refugee repatriation and the governing dimensions associated with such politics.Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - …
Policing The Corporate Image: A Case Study Of In-House Security Governance And The Management Of Risk In A Mass Private Property In Canada., Steven David. Hutchinson
Policing The Corporate Image: A Case Study Of In-House Security Governance And The Management Of Risk In A Mass Private Property In Canada., Steven David. Hutchinson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
'Mass private properties' such as shopping malls, hotel complexes, and large educational, manufacturing and industrial sites increasingly operate as sites of public and social life. Since private interests reign over the policing of these spaces, public life that was once protected and controlled by the state is now policed by private institutions. These changes have resulted in a significant rise in the number of private security personnel employed in Canada, where there are now more than twice as many private security agents as there are public police officers. This development has expanded the ambit of authority held by the 'private …