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Evaluating Bat Roost Abundance: A Comparison Of Drone-Acquired Thermal Imagery And Acoustic Estimates With Visual Observations, Karah Jaffe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Roosts provide an opportunity to census philopatric populations of bats. Comparing the efficacy of traditional methods with novel methods can provide guidance on the use of new technologies in the field. This project aims to compare the count efficacy of external emergence methodologies, i.e., drone-acquired thermal imagery, acoustic estimates, and visual counts. Surveys were conducted ten nights at two emergence sites and synchronized to compare counts. Acoustic estimates could not be established as there was a weak prediction of the linear relationship between root-mean-square pressure and emergence count; therefore, this method was removed from the comparative analysis. A linear mixed-effects …
The Role Of Foxd1 In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Kyle H. Bond
The Role Of Foxd1 In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Kyle H. Bond
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the 8th most common cancer in the United States, with the clear cell variant (ccRCC) being the most prevalent. Over 14,000 people die every year to RCC, with rates continuing to increase with an aging general population. Patients suffering from metastatic RCC (mRCC) have extremely poor prognoses, with a 5-year survival of only 11.2%. Current treatment options include resection of primary lesions, tyrosine kinase inhibition (Sunitinib, Pazopanib), mTOR inhibition (Temsirolimus, Everolimus), and immune checkpoint inhibition (Nivolumab, Atezolizumab). Recent attention has been drawn to inhibition of transcription factors like HIF2α (Belzutifan). There is a need …
A Genomic Analysis Of Bobcat Populations In North America With A Comparison To The Canada Lynx: An Assessment Of Local Adaptation To Unique Ecoregions And Phylogeography, Jennifer C. Broderick
A Genomic Analysis Of Bobcat Populations In North America With A Comparison To The Canada Lynx: An Assessment Of Local Adaptation To Unique Ecoregions And Phylogeography, Jennifer C. Broderick
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are an ecologically and genetically diverse species with a large contiguous range throughout North America. The species not only has a wide array of phenotypic variation compared to other mammals, but shows marked adaptability across ecozones with differing ecological influences. It is these various selective pressures in distinctive parts of the continent that have likely led to localized adaptations within the bobcat metapopulations. The species is also marked by its ability to maintain connectivity and populations in anthropogenically developed areas, an advantage it has over other felids, including its close relative the Canada lynx ( …
Application And Refinement Of Molecular Ecology Techniques For Amphibian Conservation, Stephanie Marie Burgess
Application And Refinement Of Molecular Ecology Techniques For Amphibian Conservation, Stephanie Marie Burgess
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wildlife conservation has become increasingly difficult due to habitat loss habitat fragmentation and land use change. Thus conservationists have embraced advances in molecular ecology such as landscape genetics and microbial bioinformatics that employ genetic techniques to further understand the relationship between individuals and their environment. In landscape genetics model inferences can be used to identify features that facilitate or resist gene flow providing a framework for anticipating the impacts of land use changes on a species’ ability to disperse. However the factors that affect the transferability of landscape genetics inferences are poorly understood and little is known about the effect …
Description And Alleviation Of The Stress Response In Atlantic Sharpnose Sharks (Rhizoprionodon Terraenovae), White-Spotted Bamboo Sharks (Chiloscyllium Plagiosum), And Golden Shiners (Notemigonus Crysoleucas), Lauren Nicole Fuller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sharks are an essential component of many marine ecosystems; however they have experienced population declines mainly attributed to overfishing and capture of sharks as bycatch. Despite sharks often being released when captured as bycatch the act of capture can result in a stress response which may cause severe physiological perturbations. Studies have investigated the physiological impacts of capture stress on elasmobranchs but most have primarily focused on the secondary stress response. I conducted a series of studies to further describe the primary stress response through quantification of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) while also investigating methods such as sedation and limiting air …
Characterizing Phenotypic Effects Of Spy1 Mediated Lateral Branching, Iulian Eric Derecichei
Characterizing Phenotypic Effects Of Spy1 Mediated Lateral Branching, Iulian Eric Derecichei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mammary development is a continuous and cyclic process that is under tight regulatory control from hormones and cell cycle regulators to mediate transition from the various proliferative, differential and apoptotic steps. Puberty is a time-point of high proliferation during development that has higher susceptibility to breast cancer. Spy1 is a cyclin-like protein known to regulate mammary development and increase proliferation with previous work also showing Spy1 increases tumor susceptibility and pubertal lateral side branching. ¬In this work we demonstrate that elevated levels of Spy1 in puberty significantly increase the number of lateral branches and total epithelial content in mice. Similarly, …
Externality In Hegel's Philosophy Of Nature, Martin Krahn
Externality In Hegel's Philosophy Of Nature, Martin Krahn
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The topic of my dissertation is the metaphysics of laws of nature in Hegel’s philosophy of nature. I argue that Hegel differentiates laws of nature from norms of culture through a concept of “externality,” according to which the universals or laws of nature stand outside of, apart from, independent from their particulars. He contrasts this with norms of culture, where the universals are internal to the particulars, such that in culture the particular events or actions shape the norms, whereas in nature, the laws remain the same through their independence from the particular events. I then address the consequences this …
Gutted, Philip Alexander Drumm
Gutted, Philip Alexander Drumm
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Gutted is a collection of poems that re-evaluate the way in which we look at the human body. These poems look to fuse the taxonomical properties of an anatomy book with the subjectivity of poetry in order to imagine physical manifestations of metaphysical events in the body. Included in these works are anatomical drawings that create visual representations of their accompanying poetic content. These drawings are conceptualized based upon how each part of the body is described rather than what they look like in reality. Many of the poems in this manuscript call upon the history of medicine for their …
Dynamics Of Gene Networks In Cancer Research, Paul Scott
Dynamics Of Gene Networks In Cancer Research, Paul Scott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cancer prevention treatments are being researched to see if an optimized treatment schedule would decrease the likelihood of a person being diagnosed with cancer. To do this we are looking at genes involved in the cell cycle and how they interact with one another. Through each gene expression during the life of a normal cell we get an understanding of the gene interactions and test these against those of a cancerous cell. First we construct a simplified network model of the normal gene network. Once we have this model we translate it into a transition matrix and force changes on …
Thinking Beyond The Fried Egg Model: How Accurately Do Students Perceive Cells In A Living Context?, Milissa Knox
Thinking Beyond The Fried Egg Model: How Accurately Do Students Perceive Cells In A Living Context?, Milissa Knox
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This exploratory study investigated three aspects of introductory undergraduate biology students’ understanding about cells. The study, which took place at the University of Maine with voluntary students in Basic Biology (“BIO100”) in the summer and fall of 2009, examined (1) students’ pre-course perceptions of cells as they exist in a living context and (2) gains in students’ perception and knowledge about cells after completing the one-semester course (BIO100). Results are based on lecture exam scores, pre-post surveys developed as a part of this thesis, and interviews with two groups of biology students. A total of 498 students participated in the …
Evaluation Of The Three-Dimensional Patterns And Ecological Impacts Of The Invasive Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium Microphyllum), Alexis Maldonado
Evaluation Of The Three-Dimensional Patterns And Ecological Impacts Of The Invasive Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium Microphyllum), Alexis Maldonado
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Invasion by non-native species has had significant ecological and economic impacts on a global scale. In the state of Florida, Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum) is an invasive plant listed by FLEPPC as a category one invader with significant ecological impacts that threaten native plant diversity. This species relies on existing vegetative structures for support to climb into the forest canopy and forms dense mats that cover tree crowns. This subsequently affects the resources available to other species present. Quantifying the structural changes due to the presence of this species has proved logistically difficult, especially on a large spatial …
Living On The Edge: Conservation Of Fish Species At Risk In Canada, William R. Glass
Living On The Edge: Conservation Of Fish Species At Risk In Canada, William R. Glass
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Many species in North America range northward and barely into southern Canada. Some of these species are classified as species at risk and afforded legal protection in Canada, yet the decision to protect these populations at the edge of their range is controversial. To determine if edge populations are more likely to be listed as at risk, fish species were grouped based on whether they are listed as at risk in Canada then assigned values for several life history and ecological traits and a discriminant function analysis was conducted. Conservation status was correctly predicted 93% of the time. Traits that …
Phylogeography Of The Malagasy Ant Species Otontomachus Coquereli, Jason Jackson
Phylogeography Of The Malagasy Ant Species Otontomachus Coquereli, Jason Jackson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Madagascar is an extremely diverse and geographically complex area boasting levels of endemism that blatantly raise questions about their origins. There is evidence that these endemics arose via insitu diversification during Madagascar's ~88 million year isolation, even though it was essentially in the middle of Gondwana with ample opportunity to acquire inhabitants. Madagascar's high levels of diversity and endemism make it an ideal location to study speciation, especially considering the evidence that such high levels speciation occurred in Madagascar itself. Several hypotheses have been formulated to relate the complex geography to genetic divergence, and thereby speciation. I explore three hypotheses …
Quantifying The Impacts Of Oyster Reef Restoration On Oyster Coverage, Wave Attenuation And Seagrass Fragment Retention In Mosquito Lagoon, Florida, Stephanie Garvis
Quantifying The Impacts Of Oyster Reef Restoration On Oyster Coverage, Wave Attenuation And Seagrass Fragment Retention In Mosquito Lagoon, Florida, Stephanie Garvis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this project was to determine the effects of oyster reef restoration on oyster coverage, wave height dissipation and seagrass recruitment. First, to assess the current versus historical coverage of natural, dead and restored oyster reefs within Mosquito Lagoon, aerial photographs from 2009, provided by Saint Johns River Water Management District, were digitized using ArcGIS software. Live reefs, restored reefs and dead reefs were screen digitized using a reef ‘signature’ in order to estimate the area of each type of reef. The 2009 maps were used as a guide to digitizing the historical aerial photographs (1943, 1951, 1967, …
A Case Study Of Single-Sex Biology Classes In A High School In South Georgia, Robert Huston Costlow
A Case Study Of Single-Sex Biology Classes In A High School In South Georgia, Robert Huston Costlow
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The research on single-sex classrooms, especially in high schools, is at best, sparse. Settings and findings vary so dramatically from one area to another that correlating studies is difficult. However, with the advent of No Child Left Behind (2001), schools have been given the opportunity to explore new and creative ways to increase student achievement. Single-sex classrooms are one of the ways schools across the country are attempting to meet the criteria of NCLB. Some single-sex studies have shown that female students improve test scores in areas that are generally thought of as male-dominated areas, such as math and science; …
Determinants And Developmental Consequences Of Organic Contaminant Uptake In Nestling Insectivorous Birds, Mary Sebastian
Determinants And Developmental Consequences Of Organic Contaminant Uptake In Nestling Insectivorous Birds, Mary Sebastian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research assesses the ecotoxicology of three avian species in their natural environment. Field studies investigated potential toxicological effects of organochlorine pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and their metabolites on wildlife with passerine nestlings as model organisms. For organisms at higher trophic levels, especially terrestrial ones the major route of exposure to persistent pollutants is food. Consequently, I estimated the diet of nestlings of populations of three species - tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolour), purple martins (Progne subis) and house wrens (Troglodytes aedon) at Point Pelee National Park, Ontario, Canada and their contaminant contents. Another route of …
The Role Of Spy1 Protein Regulation In Breast Cancer, Mohammad Al Sorkhy
The Role Of Spy1 Protein Regulation In Breast Cancer, Mohammad Al Sorkhy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cell growth and proliferation are tightly controlled by the cyclic regulation of the cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks). Cdks are positively regulated through interactions with regulatory Cyclin partners as well as being negatively regulated through interactions with families of Cdk inhibitors (CKIs). The Spy1/RINGO family of proteins have emerged as a unique class of Cyclin-like proteins capable of directly binding both to the Cdks, as a positive regulatory partner, as well as to at least one member of the CKI's, p27Kip1, as a negative regulator. Abnormally elevated levels of Spy1 promote cell proliferation, nhibit apoptosis and are implicated in aggressive tumorgenesis …
Studies Of Olfactory Sensory Neurons In Two Invasive Fish Species, Alyson Laframboise
Studies Of Olfactory Sensory Neurons In Two Invasive Fish Species, Alyson Laframboise
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fishes widely employ the olfactory sense for communication in most aspects of their life. The olfactory system of fishes contains olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of three polymorphisms – ciliated, microvillous and crypt. This thesis describes various studies of the properties of OSNs, from the expression of polymorphisms to odour responses, receptor specificity and second messengers, in two species of invasive fish: the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus). I describe, for the first time, the expression of ciliated OSNs displaying polymorphisms in the sea lamprey, an ancient jawless fish. In the round goby, I investigate the …
Role Of Cks85a In Cell Cycle Regulation, Mohammad Ghorbani
Role Of Cks85a In Cell Cycle Regulation, Mohammad Ghorbani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The transition between different stages of the cell cycle needs the activation of Cdk/Cyclins. SCFSkp2 ubiquitin ligase complex plays a critical role in entry into the S-phase by activating the Cdk2/Cyclin E complex. Cks85A interacts with Skp2 and helps it in recognition of the SCFSkp2 ubiquitin ligase targets. Knocking out of Cks85A and Skp2 has an effect on growth in Drosophila by reducing the cell volume in endoreplicating tissues. In this study, I have shown that the Cks85A and Skp2 null mutant larvae are smaller due to DNA replication defects in endoreplicating cells. I have shown that there is polyploidy …
Sediment Oxygen Demand And Sediment Nutrient Content Of Reclaimed Wetlands In The Oil Sands Region Of Northeastern Alberta, Carsten Slama
Sediment Oxygen Demand And Sediment Nutrient Content Of Reclaimed Wetlands In The Oil Sands Region Of Northeastern Alberta, Carsten Slama
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sediment oxygen demand (SOD), nutrient concentrations, and submergent macrophyte biomass were measured in reference wetlands and oil sands process material-affected (OSPM) wetlands in the oil sands region of Alberta. Any or all of these factors could influence the success of wetland reclamation in this area. Gas flux and SOD chambers were deployed to determine the biological and chemical components. Nutrient concentrations were estimated from water and sediment extractions as well as PRS™ probes.Sediment oxygen demand was slightly higher in OSPM-affected wetlands than in reference wetlands. Over 85% of SOD was due to chemical processes, likely due to ammonium oxidation. High …
The Role Of Spy1 In Mammary Morphogenesis, Agnes Malysa
The Role Of Spy1 In Mammary Morphogenesis, Agnes Malysa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cell growth and development is regulated by the cell division cycle, which dictates how efficiently cells communicate with each other and is dependent on cellular morphology. Our lab focuses on a novel cell cycle regulator, Spy1A, which has been shown to enhance cellular proliferation and regulate mammary development. Elevated levels of Spy1A significantly increased cell invasion, coincident with an increase beta-catenin transcriptional levels. We hypothesize that these characteristics may maintain cells in a more & "stem-like" state. Mammary stem cells are highly proliferative, they rely on adherence to surrounding cells for self renewal and invasion and migration into the mammary …
Elucidating The Role Of Spy1a During C-Myc Induced Mammary Tumor Development, Evangelia Kirou
Elucidating The Role Of Spy1a During C-Myc Induced Mammary Tumor Development, Evangelia Kirou
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Speedy (Spy1A) is a novel cell cycle gene whose product binds to cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) and activates its kinase activity to promote cell cycle progression through a cyclin independent mechanism. Spy1A is expressed naturally at high levels in the proliferating mammary gland, and aberrant overexpression of Spy1A results in precocious mammary development and eventually tumorigenesis in vivo. Induction of the mammary oncogene c-Myc upregulates Spy1A and I further demonstrate that Spy1A protein levels are elevated in mammary tissue and breast tumors derived from MMTV-Myc transgenic mice. Spy1A knockdown in F5A1-2 cell lines led to downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) …
The Effect Of Mate Choice On Offspring Phenotype And Performance In Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha), Romina Bortoluzzi
The Effect Of Mate Choice On Offspring Phenotype And Performance In Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha), Romina Bortoluzzi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Captive breeding is essential for salmon aquaculture and stock enhancement programs, but may lead to genetic bottlenecks, inbreeding, and domestication selection. To evaluate the potential for incorporating mate choice into commercial and conservation salmon breeding programs, I measured the effects of mate choice on offspring phenotype. Semi-natural spawning channels were used to compare mate-choice and randomly mated (hatchery) fish for performance and morphological traits. Channel-spawned fish were out-performed by their hatchery counterparts in survival and body size; genetic and environmental effects contributed to these differences. However, channel-spawned fish had significantly more additive genetic variance for performance traits. Gene transcription of …
Duet Codes And Answering Rules In The Rufous-And-White Wren (Thryophilus Rufalbus), Anneka Osmun
Duet Codes And Answering Rules In The Rufous-And-White Wren (Thryophilus Rufalbus), Anneka Osmun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In many tropical birds, breeding partners combine their songs in coordinated vocal duets. In species that have song repertoires, duetting birds may follow answering rules where they combine particular songs from their repertoire with particular songs in their partner's repertoires. These associations are called duet codes. I explored the answering rules and duet codes of Rufous-and-white Wrens (Thryophilus rufalbus), a Neotropical duetting songbird. I analysed over 5,000 duets recorded over seven years from a colour-banded population of Rufous-and-white Wrens. I found that pairs follow duet codes, and their answering rules remain consistent between years and partnerships. I found that females …
The Vocal Behaviour Of A Neotropical Suboscine Songbird, The Barred Antshrike (Thamnophilus Doliatus), Julianne Koloff
The Vocal Behaviour Of A Neotropical Suboscine Songbird, The Barred Antshrike (Thamnophilus Doliatus), Julianne Koloff
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Despite the high biodiversity that characterizes the tropics relative to temperate latitudes, we know comparatively little about the ecology and behaviour of tropical animals. In many tropical birds, males and females coordinate their songs to form duets. My thesis quantitatively describes the vocal behaviour of Barred Antshrikes (Thamnophilus doliatus), Neotropical duetting songbirds. My thesis consists of two main components: a thorough description of vocal behaviour and a playback experiment testing two hypotheses for duet function. I found substantial sex differences in the fine structure of Barred Antshrike songs. Analysis of passive recordings revealed that song output is highest during the …
The Role Of Mammalian Wdr1 And Its Truncated Isoform In Cell Migration And Cofilin Signalling, Jessica Cucullo
The Role Of Mammalian Wdr1 And Its Truncated Isoform In Cell Migration And Cofilin Signalling, Jessica Cucullo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Directed cellular migration is a normal process which involves the actin cytoskeleton and actin-binding proteins such as WDR1 and cofilin. WDR1 promotes actin filament depolymerization by enhancing the severing activity of cofilin, as well as by capping barbed ends. My research focuses on understanding the involvement of mammalian WDR1 and its truncated isoform, WDRdelta35, in cellular migration and invasion. It also focuses on understanding the relationship between the WDR1 isoforms and cofilin activation. This study found that WDR1 and WDRdelta35 may play a role during cancer cell motility. Also, it was revealed that cofilin enhances the transcriptional expression of WDRdelta35. …
Auditory And Olfactory Integration In The Round Goby, Neogobius Melanostomus, Ashley Kasurak
Auditory And Olfactory Integration In The Round Goby, Neogobius Melanostomus, Ashley Kasurak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Auditory and olfactory signaling can be used in courtship and mating. In some fish species, the signaler is the male and the female needs to receive the signals to respond. In some species of fish, the female has an increased receptiveness for the male's call and/or pheromones when reproductive and this receptiveness decreases after the breeding season. In the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, the male readies a nest and when reproductive, produces a call and pheromones to attract females. The two main objectives of this thesis were to determine the female's behavioural response to a reproductive male's call and pheromones …
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Sediment-Associated Microbial Respiration In Oil Sands Mine-Affected Wetlands Of North-Eastern Alberta, Canada., Jesse Gardner Costa
Spatial And Temporal Variation In Sediment-Associated Microbial Respiration In Oil Sands Mine-Affected Wetlands Of North-Eastern Alberta, Canada., Jesse Gardner Costa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We measured whether carbon loss in the form of sediment-associated microbial respiration differed between unvegetated sediments of recently constructed oil sands process-affected (OSPM) and reference wetlands. Constituents of OSPM-wetlands (increased salinity, conductivity) were expected to influence respiration, increasing gas (methane and carbon dioxide) flux and sediment oxygen demands (SOD) compared to reference wetlands. However, OSPM-wetlands released 1/10th the methane of reference wetland sediments but did not differ in CO2 ebulition. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) rates were twofold higher in OSPM than reference wetlands; chemical SOD exceeded biological SOD for both wetland classes (~90% of total SOD). OSPM-wetland sediments, likely have …
Role Of Abiotic Factors On The Development And Life History Of The Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia Illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), Leslie Holmes
Role Of Abiotic Factors On The Development And Life History Of The Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia Illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), Leslie Holmes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has been found to successfully reduce manure in confined animal feeding operations of poultry, swine and bovine. In equatorial climates, H. illucens is active year round, however, in more temperate climates they are only active during the warmer months of the year. Since insect development is greatly influenced by the ambient environment including pupation substrate, relative humidity, daylength and temperature, it is necessary to explore the effects these abiotic factors have on black soldier fly development when proposing to utilize a species that is not active throughout the year in temperate climates for a year-round …
Behavioural Discrimination Of Conspecific Call Types And Its Potential Use In Control Strategies Of The Invasive Round Goby (Neogobius Melanostomus), Bianca Mancini
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vocalisations are integral to the workings of social communication in fish. Round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) males produce acoustic signals for mate attraction. This thesis investigates the functions of round goby acoustic signals and explores the use of acoustics in developing a trapping system that may help in controlling this invasive species. Round gobies were tested in three different experiments to measure behavioural responsiveness. For female playback experiments, goby attractiveness differed between call types. The differential responses suggest calls have different functions in goby courtship. Male playback experiments showed an effect of stimulus on calls emitted but no difference with male …