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Articles 1 - 30 of 708
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Phospholipase D- And Phosphatidic Acid-Mediated Signaling In Plant Response To Abscisic Acid And Reactive Oxygen Species, Liang Guo
Dissertations
The Arabidopsis genome has 12 phospholipase D (PLD) genes that are classified into six types, PLDα, PLDβ, PLDγ, PLDδ, PLDε, and PLDζ, based on sequence similarities, domain structures, and biochemical properties. Phosphatidic acids (PA) produced by PLDs have been identified as important lipid signaling molecules in cell growth, development, and stress responses. This study was undertaken to determine the role of PLD and PA in plant response to abscisic acid (ABA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The lipid mediator PA was found to interact with sphingosine kinases (SPHKs) in Arabidopsis. Two unique SPHK cDNAs were cloned and expressed. Both SPHKs …
Diffusion Tensor Imaging In Hiv And Hepatitis C Coinfection, Jodi Michelle Heaps
Diffusion Tensor Imaging In Hiv And Hepatitis C Coinfection, Jodi Michelle Heaps
Dissertations
Previous studies have demonstrated that infection with both human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) is associated with impaired cognitive function. It is unclear whether co-infection is associated with neuroimaging markers of brain dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to compare HIV+ individuals, HIV/HCV+ individuals, and seronegative controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess the microstructural integrity of white matter tissue. Methods: Twenty-five HIV+ patients, 25 HIV/HCV+ patients, and 25 seronegative controls matched for age were included in the study. All participants completed an MRI session, neuropsychological testing, and an evaluation of clinical variables including …
Glycosyl Thiocarbamates As New Building Blocks For Chemical Glycosylation, Sneha Chandrashekhar Ranade
Glycosyl Thiocarbamates As New Building Blocks For Chemical Glycosylation, Sneha Chandrashekhar Ranade
Dissertations
Having multiple functions in biological systems e.g. fertilization, blood group determination, cell growth; carbohydrates have remained attractive subjects for the study. They are also involved in various life threatening biological processes, such as viral and bacterial infections, tumor development, etc. Understanding of these involvements/interactions of carbohydrates in such critical processes is essential for the development of carbohydrate based vaccines and therapeutics. Although carbohydrates are present abundantly in nature, their isolation is cumbersome and low yielding, which is why, the synthesis of carbohydrate units has been of interest to many scientists. Efforts have been made to make these synthetic methods more …
Factors Mediating Disruptive Behaviors In A Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Marylois Lacey
Factors Mediating Disruptive Behaviors In A Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Marylois Lacey
Dissertations
. Disruptive behaviors are often related to care giving situations in which the patient wants something that is not possible, refuses to participate in what is required, demands instant gratification, or demands immediate emotional support. In response to the patients’ demands and actions, health care providers use limit setting, activity demand, and denial of request. This study sought to answer the following questions: (a) Are code greens associated with symptoms of a medical and/or psychiatric diagnosis, denial of request, limit setting, and activity demand? (b) Are activity demand, denial of request, and limit setting more likely to be associated with …
What Is The Transformational Learning Experience Of Secondary Teachers Who Have Dealt With Burnout?, Julius Sims
What Is The Transformational Learning Experience Of Secondary Teachers Who Have Dealt With Burnout?, Julius Sims
Dissertations
Abstract Burnout is a syndrome consisting of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DPZ) (Yong & Yue, 2007). Teachers who fall victim to burnout are likely to be less sympathetic toward students, have a lower tolerance for classroom disruption, be less apt to prepare adequately for class, and feel less committed and dedicated to their work (Betoret, 2006; Byrne, 1991; Fisher, 2011). The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the burnout experiences among secondary teachers and the ways they cope with the adverse conditions. The participants were eight school high teachers from a large metropolitan area school district. Using …
How Do Specialized Units Affect The Outputs Of Police Organizations?: Investigating The Effect Of Community Policing Units On Community Policing Activities In Local Police Departments, Hyon Namgung
Dissertations
A review of modern police history shows the trend of increased division of labor within police agencies. However, police organizations are often criticized for creating specialized police units when they are faced with specific problems or are not effectively tackling local problems. Other challenges from within the profession include potential inter-unit conflicts or indifference of officers from other units that may hinder program implementation by specialized units. The present study looked into the changing characteristics of specialized units within police departments between 2000 and 2007. This research also examined whether creation of specialized community policing units (CP Units) influences the …
Optical Spectroscopic Studies Of Two Star Forming Regions, Kristen Leilani Erickson
Optical Spectroscopic Studies Of Two Star Forming Regions, Kristen Leilani Erickson
Dissertations
The ρ Ophiuchi and Serpens molecular clouds are sites of low mass star formation. The goals of this study were to identify young stellar objects (YSOs) and estimate ages and masses in order to infer an initial mass function (IMF), investigate disk evolution, and determine the star-forming history. Optical spectroscopic surveys of an unbiased sample of candidate young stars have been completed. Optical images taken in different photometric bands were used to create color-magnitude diagrams from which sources were selected for spectroscopic observation. In combination with published data, 135 association members in ρ Ophiuchi and 63 association members plus 16 …
The Evolution Of Floral Symmetry Across The Plant Order Lamiales, Jinshun Zhong
The Evolution Of Floral Symmetry Across The Plant Order Lamiales, Jinshun Zhong
Dissertations
Bilaterally symmetrical corollas have evolved independently numerous times from radially symmetrical ancestors and are thought to represent adaptation to specific pollinators. However, evolutionary losses of bilateral symmetry have occurred sporadically in different lineages. CYC2-like and RAD-like are genes needed for the normal development of bilateral symmetry in snapdragon corollas. However, exactly how changes in the floral symmetry patterning genes correlate with the origin and loss of floral bilateral remains poorly known. To address this question, a densely sampled phylogeny of CYC2-like genes across the order Lamiales was inferred and calibrated. The expression patterns of these genes in early diverging and …
Lightning Strikes Twice: An Examination Of The Political Factors Associated With State-Level Death Sentences And Executions In The United States, 1930-2012, Ethan Christopher Amidon
Lightning Strikes Twice: An Examination Of The Political Factors Associated With State-Level Death Sentences And Executions In The United States, 1930-2012, Ethan Christopher Amidon
Dissertations
Over the course of the last 50 years, scholars have emphasized the role that political processes play in shaping the nature of capital punishment practices. Empirical studies that have examined the relationship between political factors and capital punishment have attributed variation in the imposition of death sentences and the execution of offenders across jurisdictions in the United States to the politicization of criminal justice policies and practices and the shift in public sentiment towards more punitive ideologies that began in the 1970s. Even though historians have argued that capital punishment practices have always been shaped by political considerations, empirical research …
Cultural Competence Integration In The Nursing Curriculum, Boniface C. Stegman
Cultural Competence Integration In The Nursing Curriculum, Boniface C. Stegman
Dissertations
With an increasingly diverse population, it is important to ensure that graduates of nursing programs are able to deliver culturally competent care (Krainovich-Miller et al., 2008; Allen, 2010). This study was undertaken to address this call to include cultural competence integration into nursing curriculum. The purpose of this study was to discover evidence of cultural competence integration in the nursing curriculum as perceived by faculty and students in a baccalaureate nursing program. This study addressed the following research questions: a) Does the undergraduate nursing curriculum integrate cultural competence?, b) Do the undergraduate nursing faculty perceive cultural competence content in the …
Elucidating The Factors That Modulate The Distribution Of Avian Haemosporida Parasites Across A Community Of Hosts, Matthew Christopher Ikaika Medeiros
Elucidating The Factors That Modulate The Distribution Of Avian Haemosporida Parasites Across A Community Of Hosts, Matthew Christopher Ikaika Medeiros
Dissertations
Parasites are heterogeneously distributed across host species, host populations, and host individuals within populations. A primary aim of infectious disease ecology seeks to uncover the factors that drive this heterogeneity. At a fundamental level, host infection is determined by exposure and susceptibility to a pathogen. My dissertation explores how evolutionary and ecological forces associated with these fundamental determinates of infection shape variation in parasite host breadth and host infection status. Here, I focus on a community of vector-borne avian Haemosporida parasites among suburban birds of Chicago, IL. These parasites exhibit strong variation in their distribution among available hosts, and provide …
Exploring The Local And Regional Effects Of Plant Diversity On Plant Herbivore Interactions, Diego Salazar
Exploring The Local And Regional Effects Of Plant Diversity On Plant Herbivore Interactions, Diego Salazar
Dissertations
The study of biological diversity and its effects on ecosystem functioning and species interactions has always been a fundamental part of biology. The accelerating loss of species in conjunction with an increasing change in the natural environment has underlined the importance of the role that biodiversity has on the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of natural systems. In this dissertation I explore the effect of local and regional patterns of plant diversity in plant-herbivore interactions. Furthermore, this work goes beyond the classical concepts of taxonomical diversity and investigates the role of phylogenetic and chemical diversity on plant-herbivore interactions. In chapter one …
Coping Styles Among Individuals With Severe Mental Illness And Comorbid Ptsd, Shannon Ashley Mcneill
Coping Styles Among Individuals With Severe Mental Illness And Comorbid Ptsd, Shannon Ashley Mcneill
Dissertations
There is little known about the mechanisms by which persons with SMI cope with their stress, and virtually no research is available on the influence of comorbid PTSD (SMI-PTSD) on coping within the SMI population. The current study examined coping strategies utilized by individuals with SMI versus those with SMI-PTSD, while also investigating the role of PTSD symptom severity, overall psychological distress, and substance use on coping strategy usage. Participants included adults (N = 90) recruited through a metropolitan community mental health center, all describing current symptoms of an SMI, 48 of whom met criteria for SMI-PTSD. Results of this …
Role Breadth And Ocb: An Investigation Of Antecedents And Consequences, Kimberly M. Perry
Role Breadth And Ocb: An Investigation Of Antecedents And Consequences, Kimberly M. Perry
Dissertations
Two studies were conducted to further investigate how organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is conceptualized through the psychological mechanisms relating to OCB role definition, outcomes of OCB role definition, and the structure of OCB definition ratings. Previous research on OCB has suggested that organizational members have different perspectives, such that supervisors have a broader role definition than do their subordinates (Morrison, 1994). Study 1 tested a theoretical model using SEM that included the underlying psychological processes that relate to role breadth as well as individual-level and organizational-level outcome variables. The results supported a significant positive relationship between employee rated OCB definition …
Counseling Preferences And Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Young Adult Cancer Survivors, Jessica Zabell Taylor
Counseling Preferences And Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Young Adult Cancer Survivors, Jessica Zabell Taylor
Dissertations
This study examined counseling preferences and health-related quality of life of young adult cancer survivors. Three hundred and twenty young adult cancer survivors completed an online survey that assessed their ratings of counseling topic preferences for individual, group and family counseling; counseling modality preferences; perceived social support; meaning in life; and physical, social, emotional, functional, and spiritual domains of health-related quality of life. Results indicated that young adult cancer survivors rated individual counseling as their primary choice of counseling modality, followed by group counseling, and lastly family counseling. Participants rated individual and group counseling as having an equal number of …
Investigating The Relation Between Moral Self-Enhancement And Self-Deception: A Cross-Cultural Study Of U.S. And Chinese College Students, Ying Liu
Dissertations
Testing an evolutionary framework, this study examined moral self-enhancement in relation to self-deception and self-construal in a cross-cultural context. The participants included 127 U.S. and 107 Chinese college students. The results demonstrated that moral self-enhancement is not a characteristic unique to individualistic ideology but rather a universal motivation. Regardless of their cultural groups and self-construal, participants tended to morally self-enhance, rating their own character and sense of responsibility significantly higher than those of other people. In addition, U.S. participants were more likely to morally self-enhance compared to their Chinese counterparts. At the individual level, strong independents demonstrated greater moral self-enhancement …
Quality Of Life Among Southwest American Indians And Alaska Natives Living With The Hepatitis C Virus, Rydell Todicheeney-Mannes Phd, Rn, Acns-Bc
Quality Of Life Among Southwest American Indians And Alaska Natives Living With The Hepatitis C Virus, Rydell Todicheeney-Mannes Phd, Rn, Acns-Bc
Dissertations
Background: Hepatitis C Virus is considered to be a global public health threat because seventy-five percent of infected persons have no symptoms and are unaware of their infection. It is significant to note that AI/ANs commonly contend with issues that prevent them from receiving or seeking medical care. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to: (a) Characterize the level of depression, alcohol consumption, stigma, and quality of life; (b) Examine the relationship among the variables of age, gender, residing on an AI/AN reservation, current partner status, depression, alcohol consumption, and stigma with quality of life in a sample of …
Effects Of Direct Instruction Versus Reading First On Reading Comprehension Of Students In Southwest Arkansas, Judith A. Jenkins
Effects Of Direct Instruction Versus Reading First On Reading Comprehension Of Students In Southwest Arkansas, Judith A. Jenkins
Dissertations
The purpose of this dissertation was to add to the limited available research concerning the effectiveness of supplemental reading programs such as Reading First and Direct Instruction on reading achievement for students in elementary and middle grades. Particularly, in the first and third hypotheses, the independent variables were reading program (Direct Instruction versus Reading First) and ethnicity (Hispanic versus Non- Hispanic) on reading comprehension for third and eighth grade students. In the second and fourth hypotheses, the independent variables were reading program (Direct Instruction versus Reading First) and gender (male versus female) on reading comprehension for third and eighth students. …
Understanding Undergraduate Students' Perceptions Of International Teaching Assistants, Asma Anis Khan
Understanding Undergraduate Students' Perceptions Of International Teaching Assistants, Asma Anis Khan
Dissertations
The purpose of this mixed method study was to better understand undergraduate students' perceptions of international teaching assistants (ITAs) at a major research institution. For the purpose of this inquiry data were collected from surveying a sample of 436 of undergraduate students from different colleges and at different class levels. Survey data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Through the qualitative analysis of the open-ended survey data, undergraduate students' perceptions were derived from their responses, which resulted in themes both established in previous research (e.g., language), and original ideas (e.g., learning to understand ITAs language). Qualitative analysis of the survey …
Ironic American Exceptionalism And The Myth Of The Open Self, Myron Moses Jackson
Ironic American Exceptionalism And The Myth Of The Open Self, Myron Moses Jackson
Dissertations
This work rethinks current interpretations of American exceptionalism, emphasizing dynamic relations, especially those we could call "ironic." I am reading Reinhold Niebuhr's The Irony of American History alongside Eric Voegelin's and Woodrow Wilson's philosophical and political treatment of freedom, expressed through the ideal of American personhood. American entertainment continues to spread globally, and the spreading creates a wider nexus of efficacious relations, allowing for the interplay of hidden relations and symbolic complexes. "Ironic American exceptionalism," as I call it, highlights the positive aspects, usually overlooked, provided by "virtual integration" and the spawning of novel cultural hybrids. By "virtual integration," I …
Organizations, Religion, And Legal Mobilization: The Case Of Christian Conservative Legal Advocacy, Daniel Bennett
Organizations, Religion, And Legal Mobilization: The Case Of Christian Conservative Legal Advocacy, Daniel Bennett
Dissertations
This dissertation is a study of a social movement based on the organizations that define that movement, with specific attention to Christian conservative legal organizations (CCLOs) and their advocacy for the Christian Right in American politics. I ask, how do these organizations differ from one another in their advocacy efforts? How is this movement industry structured with respect to organizational networks? And how do the differences and variation among these organizations affect the dynamics among these groups? That is, how do organizations interact in the confines of a shared movement? This study addresses the literatures on law and society, religion …
Investigating The Impact Of Orientation And Detected Characteristics Of First-Time Online Students On Their Success Rate In A Community College Setting, Reginald C. Akpom
Investigating The Impact Of Orientation And Detected Characteristics Of First-Time Online Students On Their Success Rate In A Community College Setting, Reginald C. Akpom
Dissertations
It is evident that the failure rate is higher among online students than in-class students at Hopkinsville Community College. An analysis of the academic records of students who enrolled in online courses for the first time at Hopkinsville indicated a 13% higher withdrawal and failure rate than those who took in-class courses over the same period between 2000 and 2010. Colleges are taking potentially all of the necessary steps to reduce the student failure rates among online students because high withdrawal and failure rates often reflect badly on the quality of education by the providing institutions (C. Segura, personal communication, …
Income Shifting Among Option Intensive Firms In The 1990'S, Christopher Becker
Income Shifting Among Option Intensive Firms In The 1990'S, Christopher Becker
Dissertations
One way a multinational corporation can further satisfy its primary objective, which is to maximize shareholder wealth, is to minimize the share of its income that is transferred through taxation to the various sovereign nations within which it does business. The profit maximizing firm attempts to maximize (minimize) taxable income in those jurisdictions where income tax burdens are the least (most) in such a way as to diminish the present value of its global total tax burden. While the US corporate income tax rate has remained relatively stable over the decades since most US income tax rates were last slashed …
The Legitimacy Of Selected Watershed Organizations In The Midwestern United States, Bruce Martin Hall
The Legitimacy Of Selected Watershed Organizations In The Midwestern United States, Bruce Martin Hall
Dissertations
Legitimacy in natural resource management refers to the degree to which citizens accept and comply with stated goals and policies. Lack of legitimacy can threaten collaborative-based watershed groups that rely on voluntary compliance to achieve their water quality goals. These groups are locally-based, and sprouted up due to the complexities and political barriers that have prevented better control of non-point, or diffuse, pollution off the landscape and into streams and lakes. One of the most cited requirements for legitimacy in natural resource collaborations is inclusive representation. An exploratory study of several watershed groups in Wisconsin and Illinois uncovered a worrisome …
The Effect Of The Missouri Safe School Act Of 1997 On Alternative Education Students: A Qualitative Analysis, Randall Gene Rhodes
The Effect Of The Missouri Safe School Act Of 1997 On Alternative Education Students: A Qualitative Analysis, Randall Gene Rhodes
Dissertations
Because of a perceived increase in school related violence, a political reaction occurred in Missouri that led in 1997 to the Missouri Safe Schools Act. This new law significantly changed school disciplinary policy and allowed administrators to move large groups of students to alternative education programs, or expel them to the streets. The purpose of this qualitative study was to learn from students who attended at least one year in an alternative education program about their experiences. I interviewed 26 former students and another 14 former students entered into the conversation by posting their thoughts on a Facebook site for …
Rhapsody/Concerto Of Robert C. Ehle, Chia-Hua Huang
Rhapsody/Concerto Of Robert C. Ehle, Chia-Hua Huang
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Mental State Understanding During Aging: An Examination Of Cognitively Effortful And Cognitively Efficient Mechanisms, Rena A. Kirkland
Mental State Understanding During Aging: An Examination Of Cognitively Effortful And Cognitively Efficient Mechanisms, Rena A. Kirkland
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
In Their Words: Teachers' Journeys To Sustainable Direct Instruction Implementation, Tina Errthum
In Their Words: Teachers' Journeys To Sustainable Direct Instruction Implementation, Tina Errthum
Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Pursuit Of High Academic Growth For Gifted Middle Level Learners, Linda Elizabeth Pfeiffer
Pursuit Of High Academic Growth For Gifted Middle Level Learners, Linda Elizabeth Pfeiffer
Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to build an understanding of what should be present in schools to meet the academic growth needs of gifted middle-level learners. In times of financial difficulty it is important that educators find ways to meet the needs of all students while afforded little resources to do so. While understandable that finances be provided for struggling students, it should not be at the expense of those who come to school with content mastery already achieved but still eager to learn new material. The results of this study indicate that meeting the academic, high growth needs …
Nature Of Arabic Mothers' Involvement In Their Children's Mathematics Education, Wafa Yacoub
Nature Of Arabic Mothers' Involvement In Their Children's Mathematics Education, Wafa Yacoub
Dissertations
In this qualitative study, the researcher explored the nature of Arabic mothers', who live in the United States involvement in their children's mathematics education. There is no data about this minority population as related to mathematics educational involvement since Arabic and Muslim women are scarcely represented in the educational research. Eighteen mothers participated in four focus groups, all agreed on the importance of mathematics and their involvement in their children's math education despite the fact that many of them had negative experiences learning mathematics, and were not familiar with the new teaching methods. These mothers became involved at home by …