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Why Is Observation Important To Science?, Robert G. Hudson
Why Is Observation Important To Science?, Robert G. Hudson
Digitized Theses
I believe observation is valued by scientists because it is an objective source of information. Objective here can mean (at least) two things. First, observation could be objective in that it is an assured source of truths about the world, truths whose meaning is the same for everyone regardless of their personal theoretical vantage points. I criticize this construal of observational objectivity in chapter one. The guilty doctrine, which I entitle 'empiricistic epistemological foundationalism', is shown to be untenable on, in part, historical grounds. The historical episode I deploy for this task is the early stages of quantum theory, an …
The Effects Of Self-Referencing In The Processing Of Linear Ordering Relations, Hsiao H. D'Ailly
The Effects Of Self-Referencing In The Processing Of Linear Ordering Relations, Hsiao H. D'Ailly
Digitized Theses
The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effects of self referencing in the processing of linear ordering relations in a task designed to simulate certain aspects of classroom mathematics instruction. In each of three experiments, undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory psychology course were asked to read a series of paragraphs each of which contained a 5-term linear ordering relation (e.g., {dollar}\rm A>B>C>D>E).{dollar} After this information was encoded, subjects were asked to make pair-wise comparisons of these 5 terms. Two major factors were tested: the inclusion of a "You" term (Self-Referencing) among the …
Using Elaborative Interrogation To Help Students Overcome Their Science Misconceptions, Vera Ella Woloshyn
Using Elaborative Interrogation To Help Students Overcome Their Science Misconceptions, Vera Ella Woloshyn
Digitized Theses
The experiments reported here investigated whether a question-answering strategy called elaborative-interrogation would facilitate children's acquisition of science facts. Of particular interest was whether the strategy would help students acquire facts that addressed their inaccurate beliefs, or what are otherwise known as misconceptions. Across two experiments, 140 students in grades 6 and 7 were asked to process individually presented statements. Half of these statements were consistent with their prior knowledge, whereas the remaining facts were inconsistent (i.e., subject to misconceptions). Half of the students in each grade were instructed to read the sentences aloud at a rate that allowed them to …
The Successful High School Learner In Profile: A General Model Of Scholastic And Psychological Characteristics, Michael John Barnes
The Successful High School Learner In Profile: A General Model Of Scholastic And Psychological Characteristics, Michael John Barnes
Digitized Theses
Criticisms of secondary schooling invariably highlight four unresolved issues; weaknesses and deficits in graduates' proficiency, subject area failure rates, disorder in the classroom, and dropout rates. These issues persist despite the efforts of educators, periodic reforms imposed by governments, and a seeming abundance of school learning and achievement research. However, this research primarily concerns either pre- or post-secondary schooling. The limited secondary school research mainly has focused only on particular subject areas and, moreover, has considered relatively few of all the potentially relevant variables. Yet the issues clearly implicate the student as a functional entity of biological, cognitive, and affective …