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Evaluation Of Selenomethionine Entrapped In Nanoparticles For Oral Supplementation Using In Vitro, Ex Vivo And In Vivo Models, Shane Forde, Giuliana Vozza, David J. Brayden, Jesus Maria Frias, Sinead M. Ryan
Evaluation Of Selenomethionine Entrapped In Nanoparticles For Oral Supplementation Using In Vitro, Ex Vivo And In Vivo Models, Shane Forde, Giuliana Vozza, David J. Brayden, Jesus Maria Frias, Sinead M. Ryan
Articles
Selenium methionine (Se Met) is an essential micronutrient required for normal body function and is associated with additional health benefits. However, oral administration of Se Met can be challenging due to its purported narrow therapeutic index, low oral bioavailability, and high susceptibility to oxidation. To address these issues, Se Met was entrapped in z e i n-coated nanoparticles made from chitosan using an ionic gelation formulation. The high stability of both the Se Met and s e l e n o methionine nanoparticles (Se Met-NPs) was established using cultured human intestinal and liver epithelial cells, rat liver homogenates, and rat …
Tio2-Mwcnt Nanohybrid: Cytotoxicity, Protein Corona Formation And Cellular Internalisation In Rtg-2 Fish Cell Line, Gabriela Helena Da Silva, Lidiane Silva Franqui, Marcelo A. De Farias, Vera Lucia S.S. De Castro, Hugh Byrne, Diego S.T. Martinez, Regina T.R. Monteiro, Alan Casey
Tio2-Mwcnt Nanohybrid: Cytotoxicity, Protein Corona Formation And Cellular Internalisation In Rtg-2 Fish Cell Line, Gabriela Helena Da Silva, Lidiane Silva Franqui, Marcelo A. De Farias, Vera Lucia S.S. De Castro, Hugh Byrne, Diego S.T. Martinez, Regina T.R. Monteiro, Alan Casey
Articles
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (TiO2-MWCNT) nanohydrid has an enhanced photocatalytic activity across the visible light with promising applications in environmental remediation, solar energy devices and antimicrobial technologies. However, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicological effects of TiO2-MWCNT towards safe and sustainable development of nanohybrids. In this work, we studied the cytotoxicity, protein corona formation and cellular internalisation of TiO2-MWCNT on fibroblasts derived from gonadal rainbow trout tissue (RTG-2) for the first time. This nanohydrid did not show any toxicity effect on RTG-2 cells up to 100 mg L-1 after 24 h of exposure as monitored by alamar blue, …
Extraction Yield And Biological Activity Of Phycobiliproteins From Porphyridium Purpureum Using Atmospheric Cold Plasma Discharge And Jet Systems, Shaba Noore, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Anet R. Jambrak, Josipa Dukic, Janith Wanigasekara, James Curtin, Claudio Fuentes-Grunewald, Colm P. O’Donnell
Extraction Yield And Biological Activity Of Phycobiliproteins From Porphyridium Purpureum Using Atmospheric Cold Plasma Discharge And Jet Systems, Shaba Noore, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Anet R. Jambrak, Josipa Dukic, Janith Wanigasekara, James Curtin, Claudio Fuentes-Grunewald, Colm P. O’Donnell
Articles
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) extracted from Porphyridium purpureum (P.p) have bioactive properties and are widely used as ingredients in nutraceutical and food applications. This study investigated the use of two cold plasma systems, namely cold plasma discharge system (CPDS) and cold plasma jet system (CPJS), for the aqueous extraction of PBPs from P. p. Three types of PBPs, namely phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC) and allophycocyanin (APC) were identified in the crude extracts obtained. The highest PBPs extraction yield (11.31 ± 1.02 mg/g DW P. p) was obtained from CPDS treated samples at 25 kV using N2 for 9 min. CPDS treatments were …
Valorisation Of Phytochemical From Sitka Spruce (Picea Sitchensis) Needles: Impact Of Ultrasound/Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Hadil Alaydi, Xianglu Zhu, Julie Mondala, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Bibha Kumari, James Curtin, Peter Downey, Michelle Mckeon-Bennett, Tanya Beletskaya
Valorisation Of Phytochemical From Sitka Spruce (Picea Sitchensis) Needles: Impact Of Ultrasound/Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Hadil Alaydi, Xianglu Zhu, Julie Mondala, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Bibha Kumari, James Curtin, Peter Downey, Michelle Mckeon-Bennett, Tanya Beletskaya
Articles
Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) needles contain a variety of bioactive compounds including phenolic compounds and flavonoids, many of which have been used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of novel extraction techniques, including ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and simultaneous ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) on the recovery of phenolic, flavonoids and associated antioxidant and anti-cancer properties from Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) needles. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, and the Alamar Blue assay using the human brain glioblastoma cancer cell line (U-251 MG) was …
Plasma Induced Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Cytotoxicity In Glioblastoma 3d Tumourspheres, Janith Wanigasekara, Carlos Barcia, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari, James F. Curtin
Plasma Induced Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Cytotoxicity In Glioblastoma 3d Tumourspheres, Janith Wanigasekara, Carlos Barcia, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari, James F. Curtin
Articles
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a pin‐to‐plate cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on U‐251 MG three‐dimensional (3D) glioblastoma spheroids under different conditions. 3D tumorspheres showed higher resistance to the CAP treatment compared to 2D monolayer cells. A single CAP treatment was able to induce cytotoxicity, while multiple CAP treatments augmented this effect. CAP was also able to induce cytotoxicity throughout the tumoursphere, and we identified that reactive oxygen species(ROS) plays a major role, while H2O2plays a partial role in CAP‐induced cytotoxicity in tumour-spheres. We conclude that ROS‐dependent cytotoxicity is induced uniformly throughout glioblastoma and epidermoid …
Potential Interactions Between Metal-Based Phenanthroline Drugs And The Unfolded Protein Response Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway, Tadhg O'Leary, Pauraic Mccarron, Michael Devereux, Steve Meaney
Potential Interactions Between Metal-Based Phenanthroline Drugs And The Unfolded Protein Response Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway, Tadhg O'Leary, Pauraic Mccarron, Michael Devereux, Steve Meaney
Articles
The unfolded protein response has recently been implicated as a mechanism by which 1,10-phenanthrolinecontaining coordination compounds trigger cell death. We explored the interaction of two such compounds —one containing copper and one containing manganese—with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Pretreatment with anisomycin significantly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of both metal-based compounds in A2780, but only the copper-based compound in A549 cells. The effects of pretreatment with tunicamycin were dependent on the nature of the metal center in the compounds. In A2780 cells, the cytotoxic action of the copper compound was reduced by tunicamycin only at high concentration. In contrast, in A549 …
Biomolecules As Model Indicators Of In Vitro And In Vivo Cold Plasma Safety, Caitlin Heslin, Daniela Boehm, Brendan F. Gilmore, Julianne Megaw, Theresa A. Freeman, Noreen Hickok, Patrick Cullen, Paula Bourke
Biomolecules As Model Indicators Of In Vitro And In Vivo Cold Plasma Safety, Caitlin Heslin, Daniela Boehm, Brendan F. Gilmore, Julianne Megaw, Theresa A. Freeman, Noreen Hickok, Patrick Cullen, Paula Bourke
Articles
The potential applications for cold plasma in medicine are extensive, from microbial inactivation and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells to stimulating wound healing and enhancing the blood coagulation cascade. The safe bio-medical application of cold plasma and subsequent effect on complex biological pathways requires precision and a distinct understanding of how physiological redox chemistry is manipulated. Chemical modification of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids treated with cold plasma have been characterized, however, the context of how alterations of these molecules affect cell behavior or in vivo functionality has not been determined. Thus, this study examines the cytotoxic …
Toxicological Assessment Of Nanomaterials: The Role Of In Vitro Raman Microspectroscopic Analysis, Esen Efeoglu, Marcus Maher, Alan Casey, Hugh Byrne
Toxicological Assessment Of Nanomaterials: The Role Of In Vitro Raman Microspectroscopic Analysis, Esen Efeoglu, Marcus Maher, Alan Casey, Hugh Byrne
Articles
The acceleration of nanomaterials research has brought about increased demands for rapid analysis of their bioactivity, in a multi-parametric fashion, to minimise the gap between potential applications and knowledge of their toxicological properties. The potential of Raman microspectroscopy for the analysis of biological systems with the aid of multivariate analysis techniques has been demonstrated. In this study, an overview of recent efforts towards establishing a ‘label-free high content nanotoxicological assessment technique’ using Raman microspectroscopy is presented. The current state of the art for cellular toxicity assessment and the potential of Raman microspectroscopy are discussed, and the spectral markers of the …
Understanding The Differences Between Antimicrobial And Cytotoxic Properties Of Plasma Activated Liquids, Eva Tsoukou, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm
Understanding The Differences Between Antimicrobial And Cytotoxic Properties Of Plasma Activated Liquids, Eva Tsoukou, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm
Articles
The aqueous environment plays an important role in the transmission of cold plasma effects to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The exposure of liquids to cold atmospheric plasma discharges results in the generation of secondary reactive species; specifically, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) seems to be one of the most important amongst the reactive species contained in plasma activated liquids (PALs) in causing cytotoxicity. Detailed understanding of the effects of PALs on cells is essential to harness this new technology. Liquids acting as models for non-complex solutions were generated using a dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric cold plasma (DBD-ACP) system. The chemical characterization …
Determination Of Spectral Markers Of Cytotoxicity And Genotoxicity Using In Vitro Raman Microspectroscopy: Cellular Responses To Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Exposure, Esen Efeoglu, Alan Casey, Hugh Byrne
Determination Of Spectral Markers Of Cytotoxicity And Genotoxicity Using In Vitro Raman Microspectroscopy: Cellular Responses To Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Exposure, Esen Efeoglu, Alan Casey, Hugh Byrne
Articles
Although consumer exposure to nanomaterials is ever increasing, with potential increased applications in areas such as drug and/or gene delivery, contrast agents and diagnosis, determination of cyto- and geno- toxic effect of nanomaterials on human health and the environment still remains challenging. Although many techniques have been established and adapted to determine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nano-sized materials, these techniques remain limited by the number of assays required, total cost, use of labels and they struggle to explain the underlying interaction mechanisms. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy is employed as an in vitro label free high content screening technique …
In Vitro Evaluation Of The Cytotoxicity Of A Folate-Modified Β-Cyclodextrin As A New Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery System, Zlata Tofzikovskaya, Alan Casey, Orla L. Howe, Christine O'Connor, Mary Mcnamara
In Vitro Evaluation Of The Cytotoxicity Of A Folate-Modified Β-Cyclodextrin As A New Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery System, Zlata Tofzikovskaya, Alan Casey, Orla L. Howe, Christine O'Connor, Mary Mcnamara
Articles
Many chemotherapeutic drugs are therapeutically non-selective and do not distinguish between healthy cells and tumour cells which can result in severe side effects and toxicity. Drug delivery systems can be used to target specific cells and therefore may eliminate many of the side effects, increasing drug efficiency and efficacy, and controlling drug release. One possible strategy for targeted drug delivery is to use unique molecular markers such as folate receptors in cancer cells. In this work the cytotoxicity of a novel cyclodextrin-folate conjugate, 6-deoxy-6-[(1-(-2amino)ethylamino)folate-β-cyclodextrin (CDEnFA) was studied using the MTT assay and the MCF-7 (Breast), HeLa (Cervical), A549 (Lung cancer) …
A Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation Of Acrylamide And Diacetone Acrylamide To Investigate Their Suitability For Holographic Photopolymer Formulations, Dervil Cody, Alan Casey, Izabela Naydenova, Emilia Mihaylova
A Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation Of Acrylamide And Diacetone Acrylamide To Investigate Their Suitability For Holographic Photopolymer Formulations, Dervil Cody, Alan Casey, Izabela Naydenova, Emilia Mihaylova
Articles
The comparative cytotoxic evaluation of two monomers Diacetone Acrylamide (DA) and Acrylamide (AA), used in holographic photopolymer formulations, is reported. Two normal cell lines were used: BEAS-2B and HaCaT. Cellular viability was assessed using the MTT assay for three different exposure times. A difference of two orders of magnitude is observed in the Lethal Dose (LD50) concentrations of the two monomers. Diacetone Acrylamide exhibits a significantly lower toxicity profile in comparison to Acrylamide at all exposure times. This result justifies the replacement of Acrylamide with Diacetone Acrylamide in the photopolymer formulation, with the view to reducing occupational hazard risks for …
Generation Of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species And Genotixity Effect To Exposure Of Nanosized Polyamidoamine (Pamam) Dendrimers In Plhc-1 Cells In Vitro, Pratap Naha, Hugh Byrne
Generation Of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species And Genotixity Effect To Exposure Of Nanosized Polyamidoamine (Pamam) Dendrimers In Plhc-1 Cells In Vitro, Pratap Naha, Hugh Byrne
Articles
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers elicit systematically variable cyto- and eco-toxic responses, promising the basis for structure activity relationships governing nanotoxicological responses. Increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), genotoxicity and apoptosis due to in-vitro exposure of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to dendrimer generations G-4, G-5 and G-6 is demonstrated. A generation dependent increase in ROS and genotoxicity was observed, consistent with our previous studies. The responses correlate well with the number of surface amino groups per generation. Although ROS production initially increases approximately linearly, it saturates at higher doses. Notably, normalised to molar dose of surface amino groups, the dose-dependent ROS …