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The Burden Of Western History: Kansas, Collective Memory, And The Reunification Of The American Empire, 1854-1913, Matthew Gordon Stewart
The Burden Of Western History: Kansas, Collective Memory, And The Reunification Of The American Empire, 1854-1913, Matthew Gordon Stewart
All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
This dissertation, "The Burden of Western History: Kansas, Collective Memory, and the Reunification of the American Empire, 1854-1913," is a widely-ramifying study of the politics of collective memory in Kansas, where the Civil War can be said to have begun in 1854, where it unfolded in especially bloody and traumatic fashion, and continued to be fought in the domain of collective memory into the 20th century. The struggle over collective memory in Kansas is a story that disrupts the conventional narrative of Civil War memory as an ideological victory for the South and foregrounds the interrelated significance of several attempted …
Separating Component Signals Of Episodic Simulation Using A Catch Trial Design, Adrian W. Gilmore
Separating Component Signals Of Episodic Simulation Using A Catch Trial Design, Adrian W. Gilmore
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Tasks that require mentally simulating events, such as remembering events from one’s past and imagining events from one’s future, have been shown to involve a highly overlapping set of brain regions. Across a growing number of studies, relatively few regions have been found that show differences in activity between remembered and imagined events. However, studies have not disambiguated neural activity related to task orientation: i.e., preparing to remember events from the past or imagine events in the future) from activity related simulating events, per se. The current experiment uses functional MRI and employs a catch trial design to test the …
Sensory And Cognitive Declines In Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study, Melanie Storm Bauer
Sensory And Cognitive Declines In Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study, Melanie Storm Bauer
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In a recent cross-sectional study, as has been found in numerous previous studies, Sommers et al.: 2011) found that age-related declines in hearing, as assessed by pure-tone thresholds, begin around age 20 and continue across the lifespan. In another article published from the same cross-sectional dataset, Hale et al.: 2011) found that working memory ability also begins declining around age 20 and continues throughout life. The present study is a longitudinal follow-up of these two studies in which a sub-sample of older adults: ≥65 years old at the time of original testing approximately four years ago) were re-tested on sensory …
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Severity, Dissociation, And Perceived Social Support Predict Performance On Event Processing And Memory Tasks, Michelle Eisenberg
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Severity, Dissociation, And Perceived Social Support Predict Performance On Event Processing And Memory Tasks, Michelle Eisenberg
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No abstract provided.
Calcium-Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclases Are Critical Modulators Of Fear Learning And Experience-Dependent Plasticity, Lindsay Wieczorek
Calcium-Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclases Are Critical Modulators Of Fear Learning And Experience-Dependent Plasticity, Lindsay Wieczorek
All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Stress can exacerbate psychiatric disease, often resulting in cognitive deficits. Consequently, a better understanding of what modulates stress-facilitated memory processing will help identify new targets for possible therapeutic intervention. Recent evidence suggests a role of the Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases: AC), AC1 and AC8, in modulating fear memory. Ca2+-stimulated AC activity couples neuronal activity and intracellular Ca2+ increases to the production of cAMP, and therefore, can very tightly regulate signal transduction after learning; yet, the details by which this occurs are not well understood. In this dissertation, I first investigated the temporal and regional importance of Ca2+-stimulated AC activity during different …
Often Wrong But Never In Doubt: Categorized Lists Produce Confident False Memories, Kurt Desoto
Often Wrong But Never In Doubt: Categorized Lists Produce Confident False Memories, Kurt Desoto
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In the categorized list procedure, subjects study words from semantic categories, then take a recognition test on those items. Subjects are likely to recognize common: high output dominance) category members even when they are not studied. Across three experiments, we sought to extend the categorized list procedure, further develop an explanation of why false recognition of category members occurs in this procedure, and modulate false recognition of category members by manipulating encoding and retrieval phases. Experiment 1 extended previous categorized list research, showing that subjects are likely to false alarm with high confidence to high output dominance category members that …
The Effects Of Response Modality On Retrieval, Adam Putnam
The Effects Of Response Modality On Retrieval, Adam Putnam
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The testing effect refers to the finding that retrieval practice can lead to enhanced recall on future tests. Despite being a widely researched phenomenon, the underlying mechanisms of the testing effect remain unknown, and basic issues are unresolved. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate how different response modalities influence retrieval both on initial and delayed tests. More specifically, we were interested in whether subjects can recall more via writing or speaking, whether writing: or speaking) on a first test can lead to better performance on a second test: and whether the type of second test would matter), and …
Age Differences In Proactive Facilitation And Interference: The Role Of Remindings, Chris Wahlheim
Age Differences In Proactive Facilitation And Interference: The Role Of Remindings, Chris Wahlheim
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A common finding is that specific types of memory performance decline as a function of age. Among the situations that produce these differences are those in which proactive interference: PI) occurs. PI refers to impaired memory for new information as a result of previous learning of competing information. However, research has shown that PI situations can sometimes be facilitative to memory performance for both young and older adults when information is integrated effectively. One potential integration mechanism is the retrieval of earlier competing information during study of new information. Such instances have been referred to as "remindings", and they serve …
Sleep, Memory, And Aging: Effects Of Pre- And Post-Sleep Delays And Interference On Memory In Younger And Older Adults, Michael Scullin
Sleep, Memory, And Aging: Effects Of Pre- And Post-Sleep Delays And Interference On Memory In Younger And Older Adults, Michael Scullin
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The present research investigated the relationship between sleep and memory in younger and older adults. Previous research has demonstrated that during the deep sleep stage: i.e., slow wave sleep), recently learned memories are reactivated and consolidated in younger adults. However, little research has examined whether memory consolidation occurs during deep sleep in older adults. Younger adults and older adults encoded word pairs: e.g., channel - result) in the morning or evening and then returned 12 hours or 24 hours later for a final test: three groups: 12-hr wake, 12-hr sleep, 24-hr PM-PM sleep). Sleep stage scoring was obtained by having …
Use-Dependent Plasticity Regulates Sleep Need In Drosophila Melanogaster, Jeffrey Donlea
Use-Dependent Plasticity Regulates Sleep Need In Drosophila Melanogaster, Jeffrey Donlea
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Although the necessary functions of sleep have not been identified, sleep has been shown to play an important role in the consolidation of memories. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to playing a strong role in sleep regulation, the circadian clock also influences processes associated with learning and memory. Thus, the neural circuits that control circadian rhythms are uniquely positioned to play an important role in coordinating interactions between sleep and memory. Drosophila melanogaster exhibit increased sleep following several days of social experience and require sleep to consolidate long-term memories: LTM) after Courtship Conditioning, an associative memory assay. We …
Organizational Processes Contribute To The Testing Effect In Free Recall, Franklin Zaromb
Organizational Processes Contribute To The Testing Effect In Free Recall, Franklin Zaromb
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In educational contexts, tests not only assess what students know, they can also directly improve long-term retention of subject matter relative to restudying it. More importantly, the memorial advantage of testing is not limited to select information that was tested earlier. Research has shown that testing can serve as a versatile learning tool by enhancing the long-term retention of non-tested information that is conceptually related to previously tested information; stimulating the subsequent learning of new information; and permitting better transfer of learning to new knowledge domains. We further investigated the potential benefits of testing on learning by asking whether testing …
Associative Memory Processes In Schizophrenia, Aaron Bonner-Jackson
Associative Memory Processes In Schizophrenia, Aaron Bonner-Jackson
All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate cognitive deficits in a number of domains, including episodic memory: EM). Memory for both individual items and associations between items is impaired in schizophrenia, with some indication of a more severe deficit in associative memory. Furthermore, such memory impairments have been consistently linked with abnormalities in brain activation during both encoding and retrieval. However, certain experimental manipulations at the encoding and retrieval stages of EM significantly benefit memory performance in schizophrenia, suggesting that a strategic processing deficit may underlie memory impairment in schizophrenia. Additionally, the provision of beneficial encoding strategies increases encoding-related brain activity in key …