Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Accuracy Of Ancestry Estimation In Forensic Anthropology: An Examination Of Select Nonmetric Methods, Mackenzie Miller
Accuracy Of Ancestry Estimation In Forensic Anthropology: An Examination Of Select Nonmetric Methods, Mackenzie Miller
All ETDs from UAB
A goal of forensic anthropology is to aid in identifying unidentified human remains, often by creating a biological profile. An important piece of this profile is an ancestry estimate, and methodological accuracy is taken seriously. Traditional typological nonmetric methods of ancestry are heavily critiqued for being subjective and lacking scientific rigor in analysis. In addition, these methods are noted for conflating morphological traits with specific ancestral categories, ignoring the reality of continuous human variation. To combat this, scholars have proposed morphoscopic nonmetric methods as an alternative because they retain the accessibility popularized by typological methods but add a layer of …
Racial Differences In The Association Of Insulin Resistance With Risk Of Incident Heart Failure In Participants Of Regards, Nirav Patel
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Insulin resistance is linked to the development of heart failure (HF). However, there is limited understanding of the racial differences in the association of insulin resistance with the risk of incident HF among individuals without diabetes. Objectives: In a US national cohort of Black and White participants, we sought to evaluate: 1) the relationship between insulin resistance with incident HF participants, and 2) whether there are racial differences in the association of insulin resistance with HF. Methods: We examined >16,000 participants without HF and diabetes at baseline from the REGARDS cohort. Cox regression modeling was used to assess the …
An Analysis Of Preterm Birth Related To Sars-Cov-2 Infection By Race, Madeleine B. Mcgwin
An Analysis Of Preterm Birth Related To Sars-Cov-2 Infection By Race, Madeleine B. Mcgwin
All ETDs from UAB
Research investigating the association between pregnant women with COVID-19 infection and adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, having been contradicting. Individual differences between study populations, e.g., racial composition, may explain some of these inconsistencies. The aim of the present study is to determine if the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and pre-term birth varies according to race. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Vizient Clinical Data Base/Research Manager (CDB/RM). The study participants were women who gave birth in one of the Vizient facilities between March 2020 and January 2021. A positive COVID-19 test status was the primary exposure …
Race, Feeding Practices And Infant Weight Gain During The First 6 Weeks Of Life, Alysha Breanne Everett
Race, Feeding Practices And Infant Weight Gain During The First 6 Weeks Of Life, Alysha Breanne Everett
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Non-Hispanic black (NHB) infants are disproportionately affected by rapid weight gain compared to non-Hispanic white (NHW) infants, which in turn, is associated with future disparities including obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Feeding practices, such as the use of formula or bottles, differ by race and are associated with rate of weight gain. Data from the Pregnancy and Early Life in the South (PEARLS) birth-cohort study was used to test the hypotheses that change in body weight and weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) from birth to 6 weeks would be greater for (1) NHB versus NHW infants; and (2) infants fed formula (exclusively …
Symbolic Annihilation, The Politics Of (Mis)Representation, And The Stress And Health Of Millennial Black Women, Chenoia Nicole Bryant
Symbolic Annihilation, The Politics Of (Mis)Representation, And The Stress And Health Of Millennial Black Women, Chenoia Nicole Bryant
All ETDs from UAB
The (mis)representation of Black populations in media has been extensively explored and critiqued by several scholars. From their introduction into media through radio to their visi-bility in television and news, the tropes of Black womanhood have carried over from colo-nialist perspectives to present day. Considering race and gender as cultural structures con-straining Black women through the assignment of stereotypical scripts, it is important to consider how, when and where Black women’s agency enters. Negative racialized and gendered stereotypes are informed by culture at large, but Black women’s agency impacts the interpretation of these (mis)representations, offering space for both conformity and …
Climate Change, Taylor Shalon Byas
Climate Change, Taylor Shalon Byas
All ETDs from UAB
The poems in this thesis function on two different levels. On one level, they explore the similarities and differences between Chicago and Birmingham, the two places in which I have spent most of my life. On another level, these poems attempt to reconcile the differences between my younger and older selves, both of which have existed in environments fraught with social and political tensions. The first half of this collection explores Chicago and more closely examines my ancestry and family history. The poems in this section also endeavor to deconstruct stereotypes about Chicago and to depict the city as a …
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson
All ETDs from UAB
Knee OA is an active disease process involving cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening, and new bone formation affecting 22% of American adults (46.4 million) over age 18 years. Past literature suggests, a disproportionate number of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly non-Hispanic Blacks, are affected by knee OA. Furthermore, over one in four (28%) Blacks have an income below the national poverty level compared with 11% of Whites. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to examine racial and SES differences in the experience of pain and physical functioning in adults with knee OA. 191 participants (62% female, 52% Black) were recruited …
Heart Failure In A Contemporary Biracial Cohort, Matthew Mefford
Heart Failure In A Contemporary Biracial Cohort, Matthew Mefford
All ETDs from UAB
Heart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to meet the perfusion needs of the body. HF is a leading contributor to the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and remains a public health concern. Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for the prevention and management of HF. Hypertension develops earlier, is less controlled, and has a stronger association with some CVD and renal outcomes among blacks versus whites. These disparities may extend to HF. In addition, adults with HF often have complex treatment regimens due to multimorbidity, making medication adherence an issue. The goal of this dissertation was …
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
Racial Disparities In Oncology Clinical Trial Participation: A Qualitative Exploration, Soumya J. Niranjan
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction: Current rates of participation for racial and ethnic minorities in cancer clinical trials are significantly lower when compared to non-Hispanic whites. The patients’ perspective on reasons for low participation is abundant. Yet, very little is known from the perspective of clinical and research professionals who are actively involved in patient recruitment. This study seeks to understand their perspective on how the external environment associated with the health care system contributes to limited participation of racial and ethnic minority groups in cancer clinical trials. To that effect, the health services utilization framework was utilized. Data/Methods: EMPaCT data with 91 qualitative …
The Association Between Perceived Discrimination And Depressive Symptomatology Among The Children Of Caribbean Immigrants, Fabrice Stanley Julien
The Association Between Perceived Discrimination And Depressive Symptomatology Among The Children Of Caribbean Immigrants, Fabrice Stanley Julien
All ETDs from UAB
Caribbean societies often speak to the in-between, acknowledging the race categories that exist between and within the “black” or “white” designations. But outside of this context and particularly in American society, individuals from the Caribbean pursue identity through a more categorical approach. What influences these decisions is often the occupied status of families. These occupied statuses offer different advantages and disadvantages, which can inform perceptions/experiences of daily stressors. Using a modified version of Pearlin’s stress process model, this research assesses how ethnic self-identification colors perceptions of stressors such as discrimination, and how this in turn influences one’s depressive symptomatology. Using …
Race Effects Of Perceived Weight Status And Its Relationship With Unmet Health Care Need, Sarah B. Rutland
Race Effects Of Perceived Weight Status And Its Relationship With Unmet Health Care Need, Sarah B. Rutland
All ETDs from UAB
This study (n=9,630) evaluates the influence of race on the relationship between perceived weight status (PWS) and obtaining health care when a respondent thought care was needed (unmet need) among young adults (age 24-34) using Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Using the framework of fundamental cause, I assume that health disparities between groups is due to unequal distribution of resources between those groups that enables a group with more resources, such as wealth or race privilege, to access and support better health outcomes. I focus on race, and specifically racism, as a resource …
Cultural Competence Practices Implemented In Hospitals And Health Systems By Minority Executives On The Top Management Team, John H. Cunningham
Cultural Competence Practices Implemented In Hospitals And Health Systems By Minority Executives On The Top Management Team, John H. Cunningham
All ETDs from UAB
The study examined whether hospital implementation of cultural competence practices was influenced by the racial/ethnic composition of top management. With one-third of the U.S. population identifying with a racial or ethnic group other than non-Hispanic White, and that population continuing to grow increasingly diverse, racial and ethnic minorities are increasingly accessing health care services. Yet they represent less than 1% of the top management teams (TMT) of health care organizations. The study sought to determine the extent to which health care organizations with TMTs that are representative of the racial and ethnic compositions of the communities in which they serve …
Clinical Consequences Of Micrornas In Colorectal Cancer, Liselle C. Bovell
Clinical Consequences Of Micrornas In Colorectal Cancer, Liselle C. Bovell
All ETDs from UAB
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, and factors such as tumor location, the environment, genetics, and ethnic differences, can influence its development and progression. Over the last few decades, overall CRC mortality rates have declined; however, racial disparities in mortality rates have increased. The discovery of biomarkers that focus on identifying individual differences based on confounders such as tumor stage and patient race/ethnicity is needed, for such biomarkers can lead to development of personalized therapeutic approaches to target these molecules. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small molecules that regulate genes at the post-transcriptional level. Altered miRNA expression levels …
Effects Of Caregiving Strain On All-Cause Mortality, Martinique Perkins
Effects Of Caregiving Strain On All-Cause Mortality, Martinique Perkins
All ETDs from UAB
Purpose. This study examined how perceived caregiving strain is related to quality of life, mental and emotional health, and mortality in a large, national sample. Methods. We used 3,714 caregivers from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Participants had to complete baseline, in-home visit, and follow-up interviews to be included. Results. Approximately 12% of the REGARDS sample reported that they provided on-going care to a family member with chronic illness or a disability. Highly strained caregivers had the worst mental, physical, and emotional health but there was evidence of increased social support lessening the relationships …