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Spectral Analysis Of A Sea-Surface Temperature And Atmospheric Pressure Record Off Southern California, Gunnar I. Roden
Spectral Analysis Of A Sea-Surface Temperature And Atmospheric Pressure Record Off Southern California, Gunnar I. Roden
Journal of Marine Research
Sea-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure records during the past 40 years indicate that an inverse relation exists between the temperature at La Jolla, California, and the pressure difference at Lat. 30N, Long. 110--130W. A spectral analysis of these records is made and the energy density, autocorrelation, coherence and phase relations are investigated.
The Effect Of Pressure On The Electrical Conductivity Of Sea-Water, B. V. Hamon
The Effect Of Pressure On The Electrical Conductivity Of Sea-Water, B. V. Hamon
Journal of Marine Research
Values of the pressure coefficient of electrical conductivity of sea-water (cblorinity 19.7‰) at different temperatures are presented. The pressure coefficients vary from 1.50 × 10-5 decibar-1 at 0.5°C to 0.82 × 10-5 decibar-1 at 19.5°C. The accuracy is estimated to be ±5%. The results have been confirmed by tests at sea.
Comparison Of Light Distribiution Above And Below Water, John E. Tyler
Comparison Of Light Distribiution Above And Below Water, John E. Tyler
Journal of Marine Research
Recent measurements of natural light distribution in homogeneous lake water have revealed interesting and heretofore unrecorded optical effects in the near-surface layers. These effects are graphically described and explained.
Effects Of A Nonrigid, Impermeable Bottom On Plane Surface Waves In Shallow Water, Herman G. Gade
Effects Of A Nonrigid, Impermeable Bottom On Plane Surface Waves In Shallow Water, Herman G. Gade
Journal of Marine Research
Mutual effects of progressive wave motion in shallow water and in underlaying fluid sediments are discussed, with emphasis on modification of the surface wave. The mathematical model is a layer of inviscid fluid overlaying a viscous fluid of greater density and bounded by a horizontal rigid plane. Solutions for locally periodic, simple harmonic disturbances indicate that wave height decays exponentially with travelled distance....
Profiles Of Wind-Created Water Waves In The Capillary-Gravity Transition Region, Allen H. Schooley
Profiles Of Wind-Created Water Waves In The Capillary-Gravity Transition Region, Allen H. Schooley
Journal of Marine Research
Crapper (1957) has theoretically predicted that pure capillary waves have profiles that peak downward, which is the reverse of the gravity wave case. This paper confirms Crapper's theory and shows enlarged profiles of capillary waves that were photographed with a high-speed motion picture camera in a small water-wind tunnel. Under the conditions of measurements, the maximum vertical distance between trough and crest for the capillary waves observed was about 0.5 wavelength....
Observations Of Surface Phenomena In Ocean And Coastal Waters Near Japan, Kiyomitsu Kitano
Observations Of Surface Phenomena In Ocean And Coastal Waters Near Japan, Kiyomitsu Kitano
Journal of Marine Research
Surface phenomena of many kinds were observed from boats and aircraft over the Kuroshio Extension off the coast of Japan and from aircraft in the coastal area from Cape lnubo to Kinkazan. The distribution of these surface phenomena (both natural and artificial) have been correlated with observed oceanic conditions, principally areas of upwelling.
The Use Of A Large Capacity Portable Pump For Plankton Sampling, With Notes On Plankton Patchiness, William Aron
The Use Of A Large Capacity Portable Pump For Plankton Sampling, With Notes On Plankton Patchiness, William Aron
Journal of Marine Research
A centrifugal pump with rated capacity of 400 gals./rnin. was used for plankton sampling in Puget Sound. With the ship under way, 50 simultaneous paired hauls were made with the pump and with a 0.5-meter nylon plankton net. The pumped water was passed through a special filtering unit with negligible damage to the plankters. Data show remarkable agreement between catches of fish eggs captured by pump and by tow net....
Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (Ii) Specific Examples Of Free And Forced Waves, Kinjiro Kajiura
Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (Ii) Specific Examples Of Free And Forced Waves, Kinjiro Kajiura
Journal of Marine Research
Modification of edge waves due to Coriolis force is examined in terms of two specific problems: dispersion of an initial deformation of the water surface; the forced wave due to a moving atmospheric pressure disturbance. In both cases the scale of the disturbance is an important factor, and the larger the scale the larger the effect of Coriolis force.
Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Robert O. Reid
Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Robert O. Reid
Journal of Marine Research
Essentially two classes of free edge waves can exist on a sloping continental shelf in the presence of Coriolis force. For small longshore wave length, fundamental waves of the first class behave like Stokes edge waves. However, for great wave lengths (of several hundred kilometers or more) the characteristics of the first class are significantly altered. In the northern hemisphere the phase speed for waves moving to the right (facing shore from the sea) exceeds the speed for waves which move to the left. Also, the group velocity for a given edge wave mode has a finite upper limit....
The Migration Of Adult Female Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, In Chincoteague Bay And Adjacent Waters, David G. Cargo
The Migration Of Adult Female Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, In Chincoteague Bay And Adjacent Waters, David G. Cargo
Journal of Marine Research
A total of 392 adult female blue crabs were tagged at four different points in the Chincoteague Bay area from 31 July to 7 September 1953. Over a period including June 1954, about 25% were recaptured, mostly to the south of the release points. Only three had moved northward, and only two were recaptured outside the area; one in Delaware Bay and one at Oyster, Virginia. Factors that may influence their movements and some ecological considerations are discussed.
Soluble Iron In Coastal Waters, Taivo Laevastu, Thomas G. Thompson
Soluble Iron In Coastal Waters, Taivo Laevastu, Thomas G. Thompson
Journal of Marine Research
Soluble iron, defined as the amount of the element found in a unit volume of millipore-filtered sea water, after oxidation of organic matter, has been determined on samples collected in insh!Jre waters of the State of Washington. After filtration the samples were oxidized. The particulate matter and its iron content were also determined. Bathophenanthrolene was the reagent used....
Measurements Of Slopes Of High-Frequency Wind Waves; Comments On Dr. Cox's Paper, Charles S. Cox
Measurements Of Slopes Of High-Frequency Wind Waves; Comments On Dr. Cox's Paper, Charles S. Cox
Journal of Marine Research
Water-surface slopes due to wind waves have been measured in a laboratory windwave tunnel. In all measurements, nonlinear effects are important for highfrequency wind waves; nonlinear effects noted are: increase of phase velocity due to finite amplitude of gravity waves, trapping of ripples on the leading slope of gravity wavelets, and limitation of slopes after the explosive growth of waves beyond a critical fetch....
Trace Elements In The Pelagic Coelenterate, Velella Lata, Robert Bieri, David H. Krinsley
Trace Elements In The Pelagic Coelenterate, Velella Lata, Robert Bieri, David H. Krinsley
Journal of Marine Research
Twelve elements (Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Si, Cr, Sr, V, Ba, Ag, Pb, and Mo), not previously reported from the genus Velella, were found in the ash of V. lata; zirconium was also searched for but was not found. Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Mg, Ca, and Al were determined quantitatively. The concentration of trace elements in the whole animal and in five different tissues of V. lata was determined in specimens ranging from 14.4 to 84.6 mm in length. The Mg:Ca ratio in Velella is lower than that in sea water but. higher than that in Scyphozoa. Presumably this is …
On Some Properties Of The Spectrum Of Wind-Generated Ocean Waves; Comments On Dr. Phillip's Paper, O. M. Phillips
On Some Properties Of The Spectrum Of Wind-Generated Ocean Waves; Comments On Dr. Phillip's Paper, O. M. Phillips
Journal of Marine Research
The resonance theory of wave generation predicts that…
Elliptical Polarization Of Submarine Illumination, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman
Elliptical Polarization Of Submarine Illumination, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman
Journal of Marine Research
Field and laboratory measurements have been made to extend our understanding of submarine elliptically polarized light, which occurs in lines of sight just beyond the critical angle. It is not detectable in bearings of the sun or anti-sun, is strongest within a few centimeters of the surface, is more easily observed with large solar zenith distances, and is not affected by light entering the water at the surface in the line of sight....
Factors, Mainly Depth And Wavelength, Affecting The Degree Of Underwater Light Polarization, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman
Factors, Mainly Depth And Wavelength, Affecting The Degree Of Underwater Light Polarization, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman
Journal of Marine Research
Field and laboratory comparisons of visual, photographic and photoelectric methods of measuring linear polarization of underwater light demonstrate that satisfactory agreement may be obtained between their results. While laboratory data match closely, several uncontrollable factors, especially changes in cloudiness, increase the variance of field measurements. Of the three, the photoelectric polarimeter lends itself best to the study of degree of polarization in the horizontal plane at various depths....
This Volume Is Dedicated To Thomas Gordon Thompson On The Occasion Of His Seventieth Birthday, B. D. Thomas
This Volume Is Dedicated To Thomas Gordon Thompson On The Occasion Of His Seventieth Birthday, B. D. Thomas
Journal of Marine Research
Men of every civilization have extolled the fame and virtues of their teachers. An appreciation of learning and scholarship is, in fact, the mark of a civilization. Some men become pre-eminent not only because of their ability to contribute to the sum total of knowledge but by their facility in imparting their knowledge to others. Every University has its beloved Professors- scholars and teachers who are inspired with their subject and who, through the force of personality alone, are able to infect others with their enthusiasm and to color the lives of their students.
Some Considerations Of Oxygen Utilization Rates In Puget Sound, Clifford A. Barnes, Eugene E. Collias
Some Considerations Of Oxygen Utilization Rates In Puget Sound, Clifford A. Barnes, Eugene E. Collias
Journal of Marine Research
Concentrationa of dissolved oxygen in tributary basins of the fjord-like Puget Sound region (Washington) have been determined during monthly surveys of water characteristics. By selecting periods when a consideration of conaervative properties suggests that the effects of advection and diffusion are small, the local rates of change in oxygen concentration have been determined; it is assumed that these rates approximate the utilization or consumption rates....
Spring Changes In Phytoplankton Abundance In A Deep Estuary, Hood Canal, Washington, John P. Barlow
Spring Changes In Phytoplankton Abundance In A Deep Estuary, Hood Canal, Washington, John P. Barlow
Journal of Marine Research
Spring changes in abundance of plankton pigments (Jan.-May, 1953) in Hood Canal, a deep estuary on the coast of the State of Washington, a.re described. Since there was a less dense brackish surface layer throughout the period of observation, these changes in plankton abundance are not a result of changes in the stability of the water column such as those that initiate spring flowering in temperate coastal waters....
Marine Sediments Of Prince Of Wales Strait And Amundsen Gulf, West Canadian Arctic, Richard G. Bader, Vernon J. Henry
Marine Sediments Of Prince Of Wales Strait And Amundsen Gulf, West Canadian Arctic, Richard G. Bader, Vernon J. Henry
Journal of Marine Research
Fifty-two marine sediment samples from Prince of Wales Strait and Amundsen Gulf have been analyzed for properties such as grain size and rock and mineral composition. It appears that the distribution of the various sediment types in the area investigated is markedly influenced by both stream location and sea ice.
Inorganic Suspended Matter In Sea Water, Francis A.J. Armstrong
Inorganic Suspended Matter In Sea Water, Francis A.J. Armstrong
Journal of Marine Research
The suspended matter in sea water has been separated with membrane filters· (down to 0.1 µ A.P.D.); the inorganic fraction, determined by ignition, has been partly analysed. The methods used are briefly described. An appreciable quantity of finely divided claylike material was found, and it is suggested that, by adsorption of organic matter from the water, this may support the bacterial flora. Samples taken regularly from the English Channel show a seasonal variation...
Description Of A Prototype Gauge To Measure Magnitude And Direction Of Hydrowire Slope In Situ Between Reversing Bottles At All Depths And Under All Conditions Of Ship Drift, J. N. Carruthers
Journal of Marine Research
The discovery in recent years of vast deep oceanic currents running in a direction contrary to those at the surface provides additional evidence of our need for instrumental means to obtain accurate data on subsurface waters, particularly in little-known oceanic areas where pioneer lowerings are to be made. A description is given of a prototype messenger-operated wire-angle gauge which, used intermediately between reversing bottles, can furnish information on the direction of slope of the hydrowire and its actual degree of obliquity at a number of points. It is only the latter, of course, which can be computed from results obtained …
Neurosecretory Cells In The Cirripede, Pollicipes Polymerus J. B. Sowerby, Harold Barnes, Jefferson J. Gonor
Neurosecretory Cells In The Cirripede, Pollicipes Polymerus J. B. Sowerby, Harold Barnes, Jefferson J. Gonor
Journal of Marine Research
A detailed morphological description of neurosecretory cells in the pedunculate barnacle Pollicipes polymerus J. B. Sowerby (Cirripedia) is given. The general anatomy of its central nervous system conforms to that in other pedunculates. Some neurons of the central nervous system are specialized for secretion and are uniformly distributed in all of the ventral ganglia and in the brain.
On The Restricted Distridution Of Two Deep-Sea Fishes, Borophryne Apogon And Stomias Colubrinus, Anton F. Bruun
On The Restricted Distridution Of Two Deep-Sea Fishes, Borophryne Apogon And Stomias Colubrinus, Anton F. Bruun
Journal of Marine Research
The restricted distribution of Borophryne apogon and Stomias colubrinus, both bathypalegic fishes, is notable. Although relatively few specimens have been caught to date, there is good evidence to indicate that their geographical distribution is limited. Knowledge about the epipelagic life of the early stages and about the bathypalegic life of the adolescents and adults of these species has been combined with our recent knowledge of ocean currents in the Pacific (including the Cromwell Current) to provide an explanation of their peculiar distribution.
A System For International Exchange Of Samples For Trace Element Analysis Of Ocean Water, L. H.N. Cooper
A System For International Exchange Of Samples For Trace Element Analysis Of Ocean Water, L. H.N. Cooper
Journal of Marine Research
The hazards inherent in sampling at sea for trace element analyses are discussed. It is proposed that a discussion be held at Helsinki in 1960 on:---- (a) sampling for trace element analysis; (b) a system for international exchange of samples and for reciprocal control of methods for analysis of trace elements.
Wave Patterns Off Southern California, K. O. Emery
Wave Patterns Off Southern California, K. O. Emery
Journal of Marine Research
Mapping of wave trains during four flights over the ocean off southern California showed the consistent presence of a high 10-second swell from the westnorthwest, of one or two low 3- to 5-second swells from other westerly directions, and of local wind waves; occasionally a low 13-second swell from the west and southwest was also present. Islands reduce the height of swells but produce little discernable crossswell in their lee....
Lead Isotopes In Sea Water And Marine Sediments, Tsaihwa J. Chow
Lead Isotopes In Sea Water And Marine Sediments, Tsaihwa J. Chow
Journal of Marine Research
The lead concentration obtained from sea water samples of San Juan Channel, Washington was 0.2 µg/l or less. Leads isolated from Pacific and Atlantic pelagic clay sediments show an isotopic composition similar to that of manganese nodules from the respective oceans. The Pb206 content in the Atlantic lead was more abundant than that in the Pacific lead. This finding agrees with the postulate that the Atlantic lead was derived from rocks which contained high proportions of old granites and that the Pacific lead was from rocks containing high proportions of relatively young basalts.
Vertical Distribution Of Wind Speed, Temperature And Humidity Above A Water Surface, R. G. Fleagle, J. W. Deardorff, F. I. Badgley
Vertical Distribution Of Wind Speed, Temperature And Humidity Above A Water Surface, R. G. Fleagle, J. W. Deardorff, F. I. Badgley
Journal of Marine Research
An observational program is described which has been used to obtain an accurate determination of vertical profiles of wind speed, temperature, and vapor pressure over a salt water inlet with an over-water air fetch of about five miles. The wind profiles show systematic anomalies of 1 or 2 %, which are not explainable as instrumental or observational error. The curvature of wind profiles over water shows the same dependence on Richardson number as that found by others over land. Temperature profiles are similar in this respect, but curvature of the vapor pressure profiles shows little dependence on stability. Values of …
Hydrographic And Biological Investigations In Oslofjord By Means Of The Densigraph And The Oxymeter, Ernst Føyn
Hydrographic And Biological Investigations In Oslofjord By Means Of The Densigraph And The Oxymeter, Ernst Føyn
Journal of Marine Research
Oslofjord, which runs in a north-south direction, is about 100 km long from the open sea to Oslo Harbour. About 30 km south of Oslo, where the fjord narrows at Drøbak, there is a threshold with a depth of 19.5 m. Inside (that is, north of this threshold) the maximum depths are 150 m.
Determination Of Opal In Marine Sediments, Edward D. Goldberg
Determination Of Opal In Marine Sediments, Edward D. Goldberg
Journal of Marine Research
The opal contents of recent marine sediments are ascertained by conversion of the opal to crystobalite by heating and by a subsequent quantitative x-ray diffraction analysis of the crystobalite. An opal stratigraphy is evident in Bering Sea deposits. Further, the opal concentrations appear to be covariant with barium, an element previously suggested as indicative of biological productivity in overlying water masses.