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Near-Synchronous And Delayed Initiation Of Long Run-Out Submarine Sediment Flows From A Record-Breaking River Flood, Offshore Taiwan, L. Carter, Jd Milliman, Pj Talling, R Gavey, Rb Wynn
Near-Synchronous And Delayed Initiation Of Long Run-Out Submarine Sediment Flows From A Record-Breaking River Flood, Offshore Taiwan, L. Carter, Jd Milliman, Pj Talling, R Gavey, Rb Wynn
VIMS Articles
Subsea fiber-optic telecommunication cables can break under fast sediment flows that travel 100s of kilometers through the deep ocean in response to earthquakes and submarine landslides. Similar flows are inferred to form from major river floods whose sediment-laden waters plunge and travel along the seabed. However, the complex initiation of flood-related flows and their hazard potential have not been observed until now. Here we use cable fault data from the Gaoping Canyon/Manila Trench off Taiwan to show that a major river flood, formed during Typhoon Morakot (2009), generated two, long run-out, destructive sediment flows; one during peak flood and the …
Multivariable Statistical Regression Models Of The Areal Extent Of Hypoxia Over The Texas-Louisiana Continental Shelf, David R. Forrest, Robert D. Hetland, Steven F. Dimarco
Multivariable Statistical Regression Models Of The Areal Extent Of Hypoxia Over The Texas-Louisiana Continental Shelf, David R. Forrest, Robert D. Hetland, Steven F. Dimarco
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Spatial, Temporal, And Human-Induced Variations In Suspended Sediment Concentration In The Surface Waters Of The Yangtze Estuary And Adjacent Coastal Areas, P Li, Sl Yang, Jd Milliman, Kh Xu, Wh Qin, Et Al.
Spatial, Temporal, And Human-Induced Variations In Suspended Sediment Concentration In The Surface Waters Of The Yangtze Estuary And Adjacent Coastal Areas, P Li, Sl Yang, Jd Milliman, Kh Xu, Wh Qin, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
To delineate temporal and spatial variations in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Yangtze (Changjiang) Estuary and adjacent coastal waters, surface-water samples were taken twice daily from 10 stations over periods ranging from 2 to 12 years (total number of samples > 28,000). Synoptic measurements in 2009 showed an increase in surface SSC from 0.058 g/l in the upper sections of the estuary to similar to 0.6 g/l at the Yangtze River turbidity maximum at the river mouth, decreasing seaward to 0.057 g/l. Annual periodicities reflect variations in the Yangtze discharge, which affect the horizontal distribution and transport of SSC, and …
A Modeling Study On The Response Of Chesapeake Bay To Hurricane Events Of Floyd And Isabel, Kh Cho, Harry V. Wang, Jian Shen, A Valle-Levinson, Yc Teng
A Modeling Study On The Response Of Chesapeake Bay To Hurricane Events Of Floyd And Isabel, Kh Cho, Harry V. Wang, Jian Shen, A Valle-Levinson, Yc Teng
VIMS Articles
The response of Chesapeake Bay to forcing from two hurricanes is investigated using an unstructured-grid three-dimensional hydrodynamic model SELFE. The model domain includes Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and the extended continental shelf in the mid-Atlantic Bight. The hurricanes chosen for the study are Hurricane Floyd (1999) and Hurricane Isabel (2003), both of which made landfall within 100 km of the mouth of the Bay. The model results agree reasonably well with field observations of water level, velocity, and salinity. From the Bay's water level response to the hurricanes, it was found that the storm surge in the Bay has two …
Relative Role Of Wind Forcing And Riverine Nutrient Input On The Extent Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Y Feng, Sf Dimarco, Ga Jackson
Relative Role Of Wind Forcing And Riverine Nutrient Input On The Extent Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Y Feng, Sf Dimarco, Ga Jackson
VIMS Articles
Seasonal hypoxia of the northern Gulf of Mexico has been observed for more than 25 years. It is generally accepted that the variation in the areal extent of hypoxia is determined by changes in nutrient addition from the Mississippi River. In this study, we investigate the statistical relation between the hypoxic area and a new variable, the duration of west wind, using the available measurements for the period 1985-2010. Special consideration was paid to the 1993-2010 period, a time when a large shift in the seasonal hypoxia pattern has been reported. When excluding the years in which hurricanes directly impacted …
On The Accumulation Of Organic Matter On The Southeastern Brazilian Continental Shelf: A Case Study Based On A Sediment Core From The Shelf Off Rio De Janeiro, Renato Da Silva Carreira, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Stephen A. Macko, Mariana B. Lopez, Leticia G. Luz, Luciana N. Jasmim
On The Accumulation Of Organic Matter On The Southeastern Brazilian Continental Shelf: A Case Study Based On A Sediment Core From The Shelf Off Rio De Janeiro, Renato Da Silva Carreira, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Stephen A. Macko, Mariana B. Lopez, Leticia G. Luz, Luciana N. Jasmim
VIMS Articles
Sterol and fatty acid biomarkers and isotopic composition (delta 13C and delta 15N) of bulk organic matter (OM) were quantified in a sediment core to characterize the accumulation of autochthonous OM in an area on the continental shelf adjacent to Rio de Janeiro State. In the sediment surface (0-1 cm) the concentration of total sterols and fatty acids was at least one order of magnitude higher than that measured deeper down in the core and was dominated by labile and planktonic-derived biomarker compounds. These results suggest, as is confirmed by multivariate statistical analysis, the occurrence of an event of enhanced …
Assimilatory Nitrate Utilization By Bacteria On The West Florida Shelf As Determined By Stable Isotope Probing And Functional Microarray Analysis, B Wawrik, Wb Boling, Jd Van Nostrand, Jp Xie, Jz Zhou, Da Bronk
Assimilatory Nitrate Utilization By Bacteria On The West Florida Shelf As Determined By Stable Isotope Probing And Functional Microarray Analysis, B Wawrik, Wb Boling, Jd Van Nostrand, Jp Xie, Jz Zhou, Da Bronk
VIMS Articles
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) uptake by marine heterotrophic bacteria has important implications for the global nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles. Bacterial nitrate utilization is more prevalent in the marine environment than traditionally thought, but the taxonomic identity of bacteria that utilize nitrate is difficult to determine using traditional methodologies. 15N-based DNA stable isotope probing was applied to document direct use of nitrate by heterotrophic bacteria on the West Florida Shelf. Seawater was incubated in the presence of 2 mu M 15N ammonium or 15N nitrate. DNA was extracted, fractionated via CsCl ultracentrifugation, and each fraction was analyzed by terminal …
Chlorophyll A In Antarctic Sea Ice From Historical Ice Core Data, Km Meiners, M Vancoppenolle, S Thanassekos, Gs Dieckmann, Dn Thomas, .. .., Walker O. Smith Jr., Et Al
Chlorophyll A In Antarctic Sea Ice From Historical Ice Core Data, Km Meiners, M Vancoppenolle, S Thanassekos, Gs Dieckmann, Dn Thomas, .. .., Walker O. Smith Jr., Et Al
VIMS Articles
Sea ice core chlorophyll a data are used to describe the seasonal, regional and vertical distribution of algal biomass in Southern Ocean pack ice. The Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate - Biology (ASPeCt - Bio) circumpolar dataset consists of 1300 ice cores collected during 32 cruises over a period of 25 years. The analyses show that integrated sea ice chlorophyll a peaks in early spring and late austral summer, which is consistent with theories on light and nutrient limitation. The results indicate that on a circum-Antarctic scale, surface, internal and bottom sea ice layers contribute equally to integrated biomass, …
Isotopic Characterization Of Aerosol Organic Carbon Components Over The Eastern United States, A. S. Wozniak, James E. Bauer, Rebecca M. Dickhut, Li Xu, Ann P. Mcnichol
Isotopic Characterization Of Aerosol Organic Carbon Components Over The Eastern United States, A. S. Wozniak, James E. Bauer, Rebecca M. Dickhut, Li Xu, Ann P. Mcnichol
VIMS Articles
Carbon isotopic signatures (delta C-13, Delta C-14) of aerosol particulate matter total organic carbon (TOC) and operationally defined organic carbon (OC) components were measured in samples from two background sites in the eastern U. S. TOC and water-soluble OC (WSOC) delta C-13 values (-27 to -24 parts per thousand) indicated predominantly terrestrial C-3 plant and fossil derived sources. Total solvent extracts (TSE) and their aliphatic, aromatic, and polar OC components were depleted in delta C-13 (-30 to -26 parts per thousand) relative to TOC and WSOC. Delta C-14 signatures of aerosol TOC and TSE (-476 to +25 parts per thousand) …
A Fully Coupled 3d Wave-Current Interaction Model On Unstructured Grids, Aron Roland, Yinglong J. Zhang, Harry V. Wang, Yanqiu Meng, Yi-Cheng Teng, Vladimir Maderich, Igor Brovchenko, Mathieu Dutour-Sikiric, Ulrich Zanke
A Fully Coupled 3d Wave-Current Interaction Model On Unstructured Grids, Aron Roland, Yinglong J. Zhang, Harry V. Wang, Yanqiu Meng, Yi-Cheng Teng, Vladimir Maderich, Igor Brovchenko, Mathieu Dutour-Sikiric, Ulrich Zanke
VIMS Articles
We present a new modeling system for wave-current interaction based on unstructured grids and thus suitable for very large-scale high-resolution multiscale studies. The coupling between the 3D current model (SELFE) and the 3rd generation spectral wave model (WWM-II) is done at the source code level and the two models share same sub-domains in the parallel MPI implementation in order to ensure parallel efficiency and avoid interpolation. We demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, stability and robustness of the coupled SELFE-WWM-II model with a suite of progressively challenging benchmarks with analytical solution, laboratory data, and field data. The coupled model is shown to …