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Essays On International Trade Theory In The Presence Of Increasing Returns, Jota Ishikawa
Essays On International Trade Theory In The Presence Of Increasing Returns, Jota Ishikawa
Digitized Theses
It has been agreed that the emphasis on the role of increasing returns to scale (IRS) in international trade theory allows a straightforward explanation of empirical phenomena that the traditional frameworks cannot satisfactorily explain. The aim of this thesis is to prove further developments of international trade theory in the presence of IRS.;The thesis consists of four essays. The first essay analyzes the effects of a tariff and a restricted inflow of foreign capital on a small open economy (SOE) in the presence of IRS. It is shown that the presence of IRS significantly affects the results found in the …
International Trade Theory With Endogenous Factor Supply, Robert G. Waschik
International Trade Theory With Endogenous Factor Supply, Robert G. Waschik
Digitized Theses
Traditional models of international trade theory typically assume that factors of production are in fixed supply. The objective of the thesis is to examine the effects upon a number of well-known comparative statics results when the levels of supply of some factors of production are allowed to adjust endogenously. A dual trade model is used to incorporate endogenous factor supply into a general m-good, n-factor trade model, to allow for as general an analysis as possible. The traditional assumptions of constant returns to scale in production and perfect competition in all markets are retained so as to concentrate on the …
Empirical Tests Of Three Major Explanations For The Turn-Of-The Year Effect: A Study Of Systematic Changes In Investor Trading Behavior, Mark David Griffiths
Empirical Tests Of Three Major Explanations For The Turn-Of-The Year Effect: A Study Of Systematic Changes In Investor Trading Behavior, Mark David Griffiths
Digitized Theses
This dissertation uses U.S. and Canadian trade-to-trade data to test the validity of the tax loss selling, portfolio rebalancing and disposition hypotheses. This data set permits more powerful tests than previously possible for two reasons. First, in the U.S. the taxation and the calendar year ends are co-incident; in Canada they differ by five trading days. Second, the availability of quote and transaction data permits classification of buyer- or seller-initiated trades.;I find evidence that the end of the taxation year is a determinant of year end trading. December has the most significant levels of seller-initiated trading, while January exhibits significant …
Seemingly Unrelated Essays In Econometrics--Functions Of Mixing Processes, Nonparametric Estimation And Cointegration, Yanqin Fan
Digitized Theses
This dissertation consists of three essays related to the estimation of econometric models with dependent heterogeneous observations. The first presents a unified overview of the properties of three typical classes of dependent heterogeneous processes. The next two investigate the properties of econometric estimators applied to data generated by such processes.;The most general class of stochastic processes which are asymptotically uncorrelated under certain conditions is the class of L{dollar}\sp{lcub}q{rcub}{dollar}-mixingales for 1 {dollar}\leq q\leq{dollar} 2, which include as special cases both mixing processes and functions of mixing processes. The first essay reviews the two most important properties associated with these three types …
Labour Relocation Costs And The Demand For Protection, Lawrence Arthur Leger
Labour Relocation Costs And The Demand For Protection, Lawrence Arthur Leger
Digitized Theses
The literature on the political economy of trade policy reveals that protection is typically granted to industries with large and underprivileged workforces which have suffered deterioration in international competitiveness, which are geographically concentrated, and which are represented by lobbies of labour and capital in political coalition. These stylized facts are inadequately treated in trade theory and endogenous protection models. Labour is generally assumed to be perfectly mobile, with the presumption that all workers benefit from an improvement in the terms of trade. To reconcile the stylized facts with theory, the specific-factors trade model is extended to incorporate two types of …
Decentralized Provision Of Public Goods, Marc Bilodeau
Decentralized Provision Of Public Goods, Marc Bilodeau
Digitized Theses
When individuals provide noncooperatively many public goods, not only are contribution levels generally too low, but the composition of the contributions is also generally inefficient. Efficiency gains may then be obtained through institutions that constrain individuals' choices, either by increasing contribution levels and/or by improving the public goods mix.;A model of noncooperative public goods provision is set up in chapter 1. The presence of many public goods presents an additional difficulty because the theory of demand under rationing (instead of standard consumer theory) is needed to derive individuals' contribution functions. The impact of various institutions on individuals' choice sets is …
Trade Shocks And Employment Change In Canada: 1972-1980, Roderick Hill
Trade Shocks And Employment Change In Canada: 1972-1980, Roderick Hill
Digitized Theses
The thesis examines the relative strengths of domestic and foreign (or "trade") shocks on sectoral employment change in Canada. Chapter 1 surveys several different approaches used in the past. Chapter 2 examines three of these using hypothetical time series data for an artificial economy with a three-industry small, open economy computational general equilibrium (CGE) model. The results show some of the weaknesses of these approaches and their potential for predictive error.;Chapter 3 sets out a similar CGE model to be applied to Canadian data. Competitive domestic industries produce goods that are assumed to be perfect substitutes for foreign goods. The …