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Fast Objective Coupled Planar Illumination Microscopy, Cody Jonathan Greer
Fast Objective Coupled Planar Illumination Microscopy, Cody Jonathan Greer
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Among optical imaging techniques light sheet fluorescence microscopy stands out as one of the most attractive for capturing high-speed biological dynamics unfolding in three dimensions. The technique is potentially millions of times faster than point-scanning techniques such as two-photon microscopy. This potential is especially poignant for neuroscience applications due to the fact that interactions between neurons transpire over mere milliseconds within tissue volumes spanning hundreds of cubic microns. However current-generation light sheet microscopes are limited by volume scanning rate and/or camera frame rate. We begin by reviewing the optical principles underlying light sheet fluorescence microscopy and the origin of these …
The Role Of Membrane Excitability In Insulin Regulation, Christopher Howard Emfinger
The Role Of Membrane Excitability In Insulin Regulation, Christopher Howard Emfinger
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In mammals, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are essential regulators of insulin secretion from pancreatic islet [beta]-cells, illustrated by the finding that gain-of-function mutations in KATP channels (KATP-GOF) cause neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). However, variability in symptom severity and effectiveness of treatment is seen in NDM, even for those with the same mutation and in the same family. Short-term treatment of mice expressing KATP-GOF mutations in [beta]-cells (KATP-GOF mice) with the KATP blocker glibenclamide during disease onset results in two outcomes: one subset becomes severely diabetic (non-remitters), whereas the other subset remains below the glucose levels at which significant side effects …
The Role Of Actr10 In Nervous System Development And Disease, Amy Herbert
The Role Of Actr10 In Nervous System Development And Disease, Amy Herbert
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The vertebrate nervous system requires myelinating glia for the fast propagation of action potentials, as well as for vital trophic support to axons. Myelinating glia produce myelin, which is a lipid-rich, multi-lamellar sheath that surrounds axons and allows for rapid electrical signaling. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, while in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), Schwann cells perform this function. Although glia have historically been understudied compared to neurons, recent research has uncovered critical roles for glia in nervous system development and disease. Disruption to myelin or to the glial cells that generate myelin can …