Digital Commons Network^™

All Care, But Whose Responsibility? Community Juries Reason About Expert And Patient Responsibilities In Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening For Prostate Cancer, Chris Degeling, Stacy M. Carter, Lucie Rychetnik

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

General practitioners have implicitly been given responsibility for guiding men's decisions about prostate-specific antigen-based screening for prostate cancer, but patients' expectations of the bounds of this responsibility remain unclear. We sought to explore how well-informed members of the public allocate responsibilities in prostate-specific antigen screening decision-making. In 2014, we convened two Community juries in Sydney, Australia, to address questions related to the content and timing of information provision and respective roles of patients and general practitioners in screening decisions. Participants in the first jury were of mixed gender and of all ages (n = 15); the participants in the second …

Application Of Chronic Care Model For Self-Management Of Type 2 Diabetes: Focus On The Middle-Aged Population Of Pakistan, Rashid M. Ansari, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Nicholas Arnold Zwar

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article discusses the potential application of Chronic Care Model (CCM) for self-management of type 2 diabetes focusing on the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan. The article further highlights the variations of chronic care model and the evidence for its efficacy and elaborating the elements of the model that are used in primary health care. The features of Chronic Care Model (CCM) have been highlighted including the socio-ecological approach to diabetes self-management and community-based partnership for improving chronic disease management. The two components of the chronic care model such as patient self-management support (SMS) and delivery system design …

Activating Primary Care Copd Patients With Multi-Morbidity (Apcom) Pilot Project, Sameera Ansari, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Sarah Dennis, Nicholas Arnold Zwar

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract from the 8th International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) World Conference, 25-28 May 2016, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Fostering Effective Early Learning: A Review Of The Current International Evidence Considering Quality In Early Childhood Education And Care Programmes - In Delivery, Pedagogy And Child Outcomes, Iram Siraj, Denise Kingston, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Steven J. Howard, Edward Melhuish, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Betty Luu

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Executive Summary There is a large body of international academic research literature which examines the relationship between (i) early childhood education and care (ECEC) and (ii) children's developmental and learning outcomes. Decades of sustained international research by many different research groups demonstrate that children who attend ECEC are likely to experience better behavioural and learning outcomes than those who do not attend. The research findings are, of course, not always consistent, and are more robust over shorter measurement periods. Nevertheless, major national surveys (e.g. OECD, 2011) and ambitious longitudinal research projects (e.g. the EPPSE study, Sylva et al., 2014) document …

Physical Activity And Fitness Outcomes Of A Lifestyle Intervention For Primary Care Patients With Depression And Anxiety: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Adrienne Forsyth, Frank P. Deane, Peter G. Williams

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Patients currently being treated for depression and/or anxiety were referred by their GP and randomised to a 12-week individually tailored diet and exercise lifestyle intervention or an attention control group. Assessments at baseline and 12 weeks included the Active Australia Survey for self-reported physical activity, chair stands, arm curls and a 3-min step test to measure physical fitness. Intent-to-treat analyses using linear mixed modelling showed both groups significantly improved participation in physical activity and muscular endurance. There were no significant differences in improvement between groups. The only group by time interaction was found for body mass index and indicated greater …

Transition Of Children With Disabilities Into Early Childhood Education And Care Centres, Jane D. Warren, Wilma Vialle, Roselyn M. Dixon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports on findings from research which sought to understand, in the New South Wales (NSW) context, the factors impacting on the transition into early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres for children with disabilities from the perspective of both parents of children with disabilities and educators in ECEC centres. The study aimed to identify successes and barriers, and consider potential interventions and procedures that might increase the participation of children with disabilities in ECEC centres. This paper will discuss findings from the educator perspective only, including 37 completed questionnaires and semi-structured interviews from 10 teacher participants. Thematic analysis …

The Impact Of Electronic Health Records On Risk Management Of Information Systems In Australian Residential Aged Care Homes, Tao Jiang, Ping Yu, David M. Hailey, Jun Ma, Jie Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

To obtain indications of the influence of electronic health records (EHR) in managing risks and meeting information system accreditation standard in Australian residential aged care (RAC) homes. The hypothesis to be tested is that the RAC homes using EHR have better performance in meeting information system standards in aged care accreditation than their counterparts only using paper records for information management. Content analysis of aged care accreditation reports from the Aged Care Standards and Accreditation Agency produced between April 2011 and December 2013. Items identified included types of information systems, compliance with accreditation standards, and indicators of failure to meet …

Telehealth In Nephrology Care - Promises And Challenges, David M. Hailey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Telenephrology has been suggested as an approach to facilitate coordinated care between primary care providers and nephrologists for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Telehealth, the delivery of health-related services and information at a distance by telecommunication technologies, has been relatively little used in nephrology. Technologies used in telehealth continue to expand and range from telephone consultation to various web-based applications. Telehealth offers potential benefits and efficiencies, but evidence of its effectiveness and economic impact is less extensive than might be expected. A recent overview noted limitations in the telehealth literature, including many short-term feasibility studies with few participants, failure …

The Future Of Informatics In Aged Care: An International Perspective, Gregory Alexander, Patti Abbott, Mariann Fossum, Ryan J. Shaw, Ping Yu, Mary M. Alexander

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The panel will share global technology research initiatives in aged care. Panel objectives: 1) Describe international informatics research initiatives by experts addressing health needs of the aged, 2) Contrast health technologies used to manage aging patients, and 3) Explain challenges and opportunities to improve healthcare informatics for aging patients. Intended audience: researchers, consumers, practitioners, vendors, care providers, and policy makers with interests in aged care technology design, development, implementation and management.

Caregivers Time Utilization Before And After The Introduction Of An Electronic Nursing Documentation System In A Residential Aged Care Facility, Esther Naliaka Munyisia, Ping Yu, David M. Hailey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Oxygen Therapy In Palliative Care, John H. Fardy

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Breathlessness in advanced disease is a common problem, with the majority of people experiencing breathlessness in the weeks before death. The thrust of the new British Thoracic Society guidelines for home oxygen in adults is that oxygen therapy for home use is most useful in chronic hypoxaemia. However, clinicians make individual clinical decisions, cognisant of the guidelines but ultimately determined by what relieves the symptoms of the individual most effectively.

Developing The Delirium Care Pathways, Victoria Traynor, Nicole Britten, Pippa Burns

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The aim of this study was to develop delirium care pathways (DCPs) useable and relevant for registered practitioners in all care settings: community; acute; and nursing homes. A qualitative approach was adopted to develop the pathways inductively. Focus groups and one-to-one interviews with registered practitioners (n = 45) working as managers, practitioners and clinical nurse consultants were undertaken to develop draft versions of the pathways, which was pilot trialled across 19 clinical settings. The publication of the DCPs was a concise and easily readable document for registered practitioners who required immediate guidance on how to implement evidence-based delirium care for …

Improving The Uptake Of Pre-Travel Health Advice Amongst Migrant Australians: Exploring The Attitudes Of Primary Care Providers And Migrant Community Groups, Holly Seale, Rajneesh Kaur, Abela Mahimbo, C Raina Macintyre, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Mitchell Smith, Heather Worth, Anita Heywood

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Migrant travellers who return to their country of origin to visit family and friends (VFR) are less likely to seek travel-related medical care and are less likely to adhere to recommended medications and travel precautions. Through this study, we aimed to get an understanding of the views of stakeholders from community migrant centres and primary care providers on barriers for migrants, particularly from non-English speaking backgrounds, in accessing travel health advice and the strategies that could be used to engage them. Methods: A qualitative study involving 20 semi-structured interviews was undertaken in Sydney, Australia between January 2013 and September …

Many People In Scotland Now Benefit From Anticipatory Care Before They Die: An After Death Analysis And Interviews With General Practitioners, Julia Tapsfield, Charlie Hall, Carey Lunan, Hazel Mccutcheon, Peter Mcloughlin, Joel J. Rhee, Alfonso Leiva, Juliet Spiller, Anne Finucane, Scott Murray

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Key Information Summaries (KIS) were introduced throughout Scotland in 2013 so that anticipatory care plans written by general practitioners (GPs) could be routinely shared electronically and updated in real time, between GPs and providers of unscheduled and secondary care. Aims We aimed to describe the current reach of anticipatory and palliative care, and to explore GPs' views on using KIS. Methods We studied the primary care records of all patients who died in 2014 in 9 diverse Lothian practices. We identified if anticipatory or palliative care had been started, and if so how many weeks before death and which …

Diabetes Case Finding In The Emergency Department Using Hba1c: An Opportunity To Improve Diabetes Detection, Prevention And Care, Tien-Ming Hng, Amanda Hor, Sumathy Ravi, Xiaoqi Feng, Jaime Lin, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, David Chipps, Mark Mclean, Glen Maberly

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective We assessed the efficacy of routine glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing to detect undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in an urban Australian public hospital emergency department (ED) located in an area of high diabetes prevalence.

Methods Over 6 weeks, all patients undergoing blood sampling in the ED had their random blood glucose measured. If ≥5.5 mmol/L (99 mg/dL), HbA1c was measured on the same sample. HbA1c levels ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) and 5.7–6.4% (39–46 mmol/mol) were diagnostic of diabetes and prediabetes, respectively. Hospital records were reviewed to identify patients with previously diagnosed diabetes.

Results Among 4580 presentations, 2652 had blood sampled of …

Correlates Of Children's Objectively Measured Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior In Early Childhood Education And Care Services: A Systematic Review, Karen Tonge, Rachel A. Jones, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To systematically review the correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior among children in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services. Appropriate levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior are important to promote in ECEC services. Methods: A systematic search of 8 databases identified 27 studies published between 1992 and 2015 that met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected and analyzed in 2014 and 2015, and variables were categorized using a Social Ecological Framework. Results: Sixty-six variables were identified. The domains of child characteristics (18 studies) and physical environmental factors (17 studies) were most consistently studied, and, for …

Education And Out-Of-Home Care Transitions, Michelle L. Townsend, Judy Cashmore, Anne Graham

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In Australia there are 43,400 children and young people inn out-of-home care, mostly due to parental incapacity, abuse and neglect. These children experience a number of significant changes in their lives in terms of who they live with, where they live, and for school-aged children, often changes in school. These changes are beyond the normative transitions that are common in the lives of children.

Why We Belong - Exploring Membership Of Healthcare Professionals In An Intensive Care Virtual Community Via Online Focus Groups: Rationale And Protocol, Kaye D. Rolls, Margaret Hansen, Debra Jackson, Doug Elliott

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background: Many current challenges of evidence-based practice are related to ineffective social networks among health care professionals. Opportunities exist for multidisciplinary virtual communities to transcend professional and organizational boundaries and facilitate important knowledge transfer. Although health care professionals have been using the Internet to form virtual communities for many years, little is known regarding "why" they join, as most research has focused on the perspective of "posters," who form a minority of members. Objective: Our aim was to develop a comprehensive understanding of why health care professionals belong to a virtual community (VC). Methods: A qualitative approach will be used …

Integrative Review Of The Supportive Care Needs Of Arab People Affected By Cancer, Ibrahim M. Alananzeh, Janelle V. Levesque, Cannas Kwok, Bronwyn Everett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

This review aimed to identify the unmet supportive care needs to conduct an integrative review of the literature, to identify the unmet supportive care needs of Arab people affected by cancer (patients and caregivers), and the impact of these needs on quality of life and psychosocial well-being. In July 2015 databases, search engines and electronic list servers were searched, with no limit on the year of publication. Reference lists of included articles and published reviews were also hand searched. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies examined the supportive care/ unmet needs of Arab cancer patients and their family …

Investigating Gp Experiences: Barriers And Facilitators To The Management And Referral Of Acne Patients In A Primary Care Setting, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan, Jo-Ann See, Jenna E. Rayner, Athena Hammond

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

The aim of this project was to investigate the GP experience and the barriers and facilitators of referral to dermatologists for isotretinoin treatment.