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High-Temperature Piezoelectric Sensing, Xiaoning Jiang, Kyungrim Kim, Shujun Zhang, Joseph A. Johnson, Giovanni Salazar

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Piezoelectric sensing is of increasing interest for high-temperature applications in aerospace, automotive, power plants and material processing due to its low cost, compact sensor size and simple signal conditioning, in comparison with other high-temperature sensing techniques. This paper presented an overview of high-temperature piezoelectric sensing techniques. Firstly, different types of high-temperature piezoelectric single crystals, electrode materials, and their pros and cons are discussed. Secondly, recent work on high-temperature piezoelectric sensors including accelerometer, surface acoustic wave sensor, ultrasound transducer, acoustic emission sensor, gas sensor, and pressure sensor for temperatures up to 1,250 °C were reviewed. Finally, discussions of existing challenges and …

1-3 Piezoelectric Composites For High-Temperature Transducer Applications, Lili Li, Shujun Zhang, Zhuo Xu, Fei Wen, Xuecang Geng, Hyeong Jae Lee, Thomas R. Shrout

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

High-temperature Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/epoxy 1-3 composites were fabricated using the dice and fill method. The epoxy filler was modified with glass spheres in order to improve the thermal reliability of the composites at elevated temperatures. Temperature-dependent dielectric and electromechanical properties of the composites were measured after ageing at 250 °C with different dwelling times. Obvious cracks were observed and the electrodes were damaged in the composite with unmodified epoxy after 200 h, leading to the failure of the composite. In contrast, composites with >12 vol% glass sphere loaded epoxies were found to exhibit minimal electrical property variation after ageing for 500 h, …

Synergetic Combination Of Limd With Chpd For The Production Of Economical And High Performance Mgb2 Wires, Minoru Maeda, Md Shahriar Ai Hossain, Ashkan Motaman, Jung Ho Kim, Anna Kario, Matt Rindfleisch, Mike Tomsic, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

We propose an economical fabrication concept, the localized internal magnesium diffusion (IMD) method. Instead of using a single magnesium (Mg) rod in the center of a metal sheath tube, we use large-sized Mg particles (20-50 mesh) mixed well with cheap 97% crystalline boron powder to fill the metal sheath tube. After a repeated drawing process, the coarse Mg is elongated along the core wire axis of the metal sheath tube. Textured MgB2 grains are then formed during the sintering process. In the localized IMD process, however, there is still a need to improve the overall density. In order to increase …

Tensile Testing Of Individual Glassy, Rubbery And Hydrogel Electrospun Polymer Nanofibres To High Strain Using The Atomic Force Microscope, Adrian Gestos, Philip G. Whitten, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The production and use of polymer nanofibre assemblies prepared by electrospinning is now widespread. It is known that the tensile properties of electrospun polymer fibres can be different to those of bulk polymers. Here, we report a general method for measuring the tensile properties of individual electrospun nanofibres that employs a commercial atomic force microscope. Methods for preparing samples, force calibration and calculation of tensile stress and strain are described along with error estimation. By appropriate choice of AFM cantilever, it is shown that the tensile stress-strain curves can be measured for glassy, rubbery and gel polymer nanofibres. Testing can …

Dha Prevents Altered 5-Ht1a, 5-Ht2a, Cb1 And Gabaa Receptor Binding Densities In The Brain Of Male Rats Fed A High-Saturated-Fat Diet, Yinghua Yu, Yizhen Wu, Craig Patch, Zhixiang Wu, Alexander Szabo, Duo Li, Xu-Feng Huang

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been linked to a number of mental illnesses such as memory loss, depression and schizophrenia. While supplementation of DHA is beneficial in improving memory and cognition, the influence of dietary fats on the neurotransmitters and receptors involved in cognitive function is still not known. The aim of this study was to investigate serotonin receptor (5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2A), cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA_A) receptor binding densities in the brain of male rats fed a high-saturated-fat (HF) diet, as well as the effect of DHA supplementation …

"Use Salt And Foods High In Salt Sparingly": A Food-Based Dietary Guideline For South Africa, E Wentzel-Viljoen, K Steyn, E Ketterer, K E. Charlton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Increased salt intake leads to an increase in blood pressure and decreased sodium intake relative to the usual or increased intake results in lowered blood pressure in adults, with or without hypertension. Blood pressure is a strong proxy indicator for the risk of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and strokes. Hypertension is estimated to have caused 9% of all deaths in South Africa in 2000. In 2008, 42% of men and 34% of women aged 35-44 years, and 60% of men and 50% of women aged 45-54 years, were hypertensive. More than 70% of both men and women older than …

Measurements Of Co, Hcn, And C2h6 Total Columns In Smoke Plumes Transported From The 2010 Russian Boreal Forest Fires To The Canadian High Arctic, C Viatte, K Strong, C Paton-Walsh, J Mendonca, N T. O'Neill, J R. Drummond

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In August 2010, simultaneous enhancements of aerosol optical depth and total columns of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and ethane (C2H6) were observed at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL, 80.05°N, −86.42°W, 0.61 km above sea level, Eureka, Nunavut, Canada). Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) hot spots, Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aerosol index maps, and Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) back-trajectories were used to attribute these enhancements to an intense boreal fire event occurring in Russia. A ground-based Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometer at PEARL provided vertically integrated measurements of trace gases transported in smoke plumes. …

Measuring The Spatiotemporal Profiles Of Neuronal Activity And Bold In Early Visual Cortex Using High Resolution Fmri, Mark M. Schira, Michael Breakspear, K M. Aquino

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society Inc 33rd Annual Meeting, 3-6 Feb 2013, Melbourne, Australia

First Steps: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Effectiveness Of The Group Family Nurse Partnership (Gfnp) Program Compared To Routine Care In Improving Outcomes For High-Risk Mothers And Their Children And Preventing Abuse, Jacqueline Barnes, Dipti Aistrop, Elizabeth Allen, Jane Barlow, Diana Elbourne, Geraldine Macdonald, Edward Melhuish, Stavros Petrou, Joshua Pink, Claire Snowdon, Helen Spiby, Jane Stuart, Joanna Sturgess

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

Evidence from the USA suggests that the home-based Family Nurse Partnership program (FNP), extending from early pregnancy until infants are 24 months, can reduce the risk of child abuse and neglect throughout childhood. FNP is now widely available in the UK. A new variant, Group Family Nurse Partnership (gFNP) offers similar content but in a group context and for a shorter time, until infants are 12 months old. Each group comprises 8 to 12 women with similar expected delivery dates and their partners. Its implementation has been established but there is no evidence of its effectiveness.

Methods/Design

The study …

Student Perceptions Of High-Achieving Classmates, Marion Händel, Wilma Vialle, Albert Ziegler

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The reported study investigated students' perceptions of their high-performing classmates in terms of intelligence, social skills, and conscientiousness in different school subjects. The school subjects for study were examined with regard to cognitive, physical, and gender-specific issues. The results show that high academic achievements in particular school subjects lead to negative reactions in the peer group whereas high achievements in other school subjects result in positive peer reactions. In contrast, the respondents' gender and the gender of the successful classmates had little influence on student perceptions of high achievers. The results are discussed in regard to their implications for gifted …

The Role Of Quality Management Activities In Achieving High Performance Of Maintenance Processes, Damjan Maletic, Matjaz Maletic, Bostjan Gomiscek

University of Wollongong in Dubai - Papers

In today's highly competitive environment, maintenance, quality, and productivity are essentially related components and very important operational issues for a modern, successful, economic, and profitable production system. The focal point in this paper emerges from the lack of understanding how various quality management approaches and practices can contribute to the overall maintenance performance. The aim of this study is therefore, to define the impact of quality management practices on maintenance performance. The questionnaire survey was carried out among Slovenian organisations in order to address the research problem. Several statistical analysis methods including correlation analysis as well as regression analysis are …

Development Of Safe Optimized Welding Procedures For High Strength Q&T Steel Welded With Austenitic Consumables, Lenka Kuzmikova, Huijun Li, John Norrish, Zengxi Stephen Pan, Nathan Larkin

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

High strength quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels offer obvious economic benefits originating from their advantageous strength to price and weight ratios. These steels are usually welded using ferritic consumables and for this combination the risk of hydrogen assisted cold cracking (HACC) is high. The use of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) consumables has great potential to significantly improve this issue. Yet, there are no guidelines for determination of safe level of preheat for welding ferritic steels with ASS consumables. For this reason manufacturers adopt this parameter from procedures developed for conventional ferritic consumables thus significantly limiting the benefits ASS consumables are …

A Unique Sandwich-Structured C/Ge/Graphene Nanocomposite As An Anode Material For High Power Lithium Ion Batteries, Dan Li, Kuok H. Seng, Dongqi Shi, Zhixin Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Zaiping Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A unique sandwich-structured C/Ge/graphene composite with germanium nanoparticles trapped between graphene sheets is prepared by a microwave-assisted solvothermal reaction followed by carbon coating and thermal reduction. The graphene sheets are found to be effective in hindering the growth and aggregation of GeO2 nanoparticles. More importantly, the graphene sheets, coupled with the carbon coating, can buffer the volume changes of germanium in electrochemical lithium reactions. The unique sandwich structure features a highly conductive network of carbon, which can improve both the conductivity and the structural stability of the electrode material, and exemplifies a promising strategy for the development of new high …

Transmit Antenna Subset Selection With Power Balancing For High Data Rate Mimo-Ofdm Uwb Systems, Ngoc Phuc Le, Le Chung Tran, Farzad Safaei

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper proposes per-subcarrier transmit antenna subset selection with power balancing for MIMO-OFDM UWB systems to simultaneously improve the system error performance and increase data rates. The deployment of the per-subcarrier antenna subset selection may result in a power unbalance across antennas, which could cause power amplifiers (PAs) to operate in their non-linear regions. To overcome this disadvantage, we formulate a linear optimization problem for the optimal allocation of data subcarriers under a constraint that all antennas have the same number of assigned data symbols. This optimization problem could be applied to systems with an arbitrary number of multiplexed data …

Spherical, Cylindrical And Tetrahedral Symmetries; Hydrogenic States At High Magnetic Field In Si:P, R A. Lewis, A Bruno-Alfonso, G V B De Souza, R E M Vickers, J A Colla, E Constable

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Phosphorous donors in silicon have an electronic structure that mimics the hydrogen atom, albeit on a larger length, smaller energy and smaller magnetic field scale. While the hydrogen atom is spherically symmetric, an applied magnetic field imposes cylindrical symmetry, and the solid-state analogue involves, in addition, the symmetry of the Si crystal. For one magnetic field direction, all six conduction-band valleys of Si:P become equivalent. New experimental data to high laboratory fields (30 T), supported by new calculations, demonstrate that this high symmetry field orientation allows the most direct comparison with free hydrogen.

Online In Vivo Dosimetry In High Dose Rate Prostate Brchytherapy With Moskin Detectors: In Phantom Feasibility Study, G Gambarini, M Carrara, C Tenconi, N Mantaut, M Borroni, D Cutajar, M Petasecca, I Fuduli, M Lerch, E Pignoli, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

MOSkin detectors were studied to perform real-time in vivo dose measurements in high dose rate prostate brachytherapy. Measurements were performed inside an urethral catheter in a gel phantom simulating a real prostate implant. Measured and expected doses were compared and the discrepancy was found to be within 8.9% and 3.8% for single MOSkin and dual-MOSkin configurations, respectively. Results show that dual-MOSkin detectors can be profitably adopted in prostate brachytherapy treatments to perform real-time in vivo dosimetry inside the urethra.

The Asian Evolution Of High Speed Rail, Philip G. Laird

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In Australia, in 2001, the Howard government released an East Coast HSR Scoping Study. This followed two major investigations by the private sector into HSR options for Australia; the first being a Sydney Canberra Melbourne Very Fast Train as proposed in 1984 by CSIRO, and the second being the Sydney Canberra Speed HSR proposal.

Parametric Study On Chain-Die Forming For Advanced High Strength Steels, Yuankun Zhang, Shichao Ding

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

As the applications of AHSS for the automotive industry are increasing significantly within the last decade, it becomes more and more important to develop a new forming technology as an alternative or even a replacement to roll forming to overcome the difficulties and problems of manufacturing the AHSS parts. The springback of the material with higher strength and thinner thickness becomes more difficult to predict, which directly affects the application of roll forming in AHSS. Chain-die forming, as an alternative to roll forming proposed and developed recently in Australia, is expected to be a solution to the problems addressed. It …

An Investigation Into Electron Scattering From Pyrazine At Intermediate And High Energies, A G. Sanz, M C. Fuss, Francisco Blanco, J D. Gorfinkiel, D Almeida, F. Ferreira Da Silva, P Limao-Vieira, M J. Brunger, G Garcia

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Total electron scattering cross sections for pyrazine in the energy range 10-500 eV have been measured with a new magnetically confined electron transmission-beam apparatus. Theoretical differential and integral elastic, as well as integral inelastic, cross sections have been calculated by means of a screening-corrected form of the independent-atom representation (IAM-SCAR) from 10 to 1000 eV incident electron energies. The present experimental and theoretical total cross sections show a good level of agreement, to within 10%, in the overlapping energy range. Consistency of these results with previous calculations (i.e., the R-matrix and Schwinger Multichannel methods) and elastic scattering measurements at lower …

Free-Standing Nanocomposites With High Conductivity And Extensibility, Kyoung-Yong Chun, Shi Hyeong Kim, Min Kyoon Shin, Youn Tae Kim, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Ali E. Aliev, Ray H. Baughman, Seon Jeong Kim

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The prospect of electronic circuits that are stretchable and bendable promises tantalizing applications such as skin-like electronics, roll-up displays, conformable sensors and actuators, and lightweight solar cells. The preparation of highly conductive and highly extensible materials remains a challenge for mass production applications, such as free-standing films or printable composite inks. Here we present a nanocomposite material consisting of carbon nanotubes, ionic liquid, silver nanoparticles, and polystyrene- polyisoprene-polystyrene having a high electrical conductivity of 3700 S cm -1 that can be stretched to 288% without permanent damage. The material is prepared as a concentrated dispersion suitable for simple processing into …

On-Chip High Sensitivity Laser Frequency Sensing With Brillouin Mutually-Modulated Cross-Gain Modulation, Feng Gao, R Pant, Enbang Li, Christopher G. Poulton, D Choi, Stephen J. Madden, B Luther-Davies, Benjamin Eggleton

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We report the first demonstration of a photonic-chip laser frequency sensor using Brillouin mutually-modulated cross-gain modulation (MMXGM). A large sensitivity (∼9.5 mrad/kHz) of the modulation phase shift to probe carrier frequency is demonstrated at a modulation frequency of 50 kHz using Brillouin MMXGM in a ∼7 cm long chalcogenide rib waveguide. © 2013 Optical Society of America.

Addressing Retained Austenite Stability In Advanced High Strength Steels, Elena V. Pereloma, Azdiar A. Gazder, Ilana B. Timokhina

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Advances in the development of new high strength steels have resulted in microstructures containing significant volume fractions of retained austenite. The transformation of retained austenite to martensite upon straining contributes towards improving the ductility. However, in order to gain from the above beneficial effect, the volume fraction, size, morphology and distribution of the retained austenite need to be controlled. In this regard, it is well known that carbon concentration in the retained austenite is responsible for its chemical stability, whereas its size and morphology determines its mechanical stability. Thus, to achieve the required mechanical properties, control of the processing parameters …

A High Prevalence Of Malnutrition In Acute Geriatric Patients Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcomes And Mortality Within 12 Months, Karen E. Charlton, Marijka J. Batterham, Steven Bowden, Abhijeet Ghosh, Katherine Caldwell, Lilliana Barone, Michelle Mason, J. Potter, Barbara Meyer, Marianna Milosavljevic

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background & aims Older malnourished patients experience increased length of hospital stay and greater morbidity compared to their well nourished counterparts. This study aimed to assess whether nutritional status at hospital admission predicted clinical outcomes at 12 months follow-up. Methods Secondary data analysis of 2602 consecutive patient admissions to an acute tertiary hospital in New South Wales, Australia on or before 1st June 2009. Twelve-month data was analysed in a sub-sample of 774 patients. Nutritional status was determined within 72 h of admission using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Outcomes, obtained from electronic patient records included hospital readmission rate, total …

Removal Of Na+ From Ionic Liquids By Zeolite For High Quality Electrolyte Manufacture, Won-Je Cho, Yongseong Seo, Soon Jae Jung, Won-Gil Lee, Byung Chul Kim, Grant A. Mathieson, Kook Hyun Yu

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

This study develops a novel method to remove the free cations created during the synthesis of ionic liquid. The cations are removed from the ionic liquid by size-selective adsorption onto chemically surface-modified Zeolite. The porous crystal nano-structure of Zeolite has several electron-rich Al sites to attract cations. While large cations of an ionic liquid cannot access the Zeolite nano-structure, small cations like Na+ have ready access and are adsorbed. This study confirms that: Na+ can be removed from ionic liquid effectively using Zeolite; and, in contrast to the conventional and extensively applied ion exchange resin method or solvent extraction methods, …

Making Things In A High-Dollar Australia: The Case Of The Surfboard Industry, Andrew Warren, Chris Gibson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In August 2011 the announcement by Bluescope Steel of mass layoffs at its Port Kembla steelworks, in the Illawarra region, sparked renewed public debate and media commentary on the future of manufacturing in Australia. The debate has since spread to cars, aluminium smelting - even Mortein fly spray - and has quickly coalesced around the unprecedented high Australian dollar, its impacts on exports, and the prospects of the production of goods shifting overseas. As Australian mining magnates such as Clive Palmer, Gina Rinehart and Twiggy Forrest attempt to remould Australia around their 'quarry vision' (Pearse, 2009) of extractive minerals exports, …

A Food Photograph Series For Identifying Portion Sizes Of Culturally Specific Dishes In Rural Areas With High Incidence Of Oesophageal Cancer, Martani Lombard, Nelia Steyn, Hester-Mari Burger, Karen Charlton, Marjanne Senekal

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Rural areas of the Eastern Cape (EC) Province, South Africa have a high incidence of squamous cell oesophageal cancer (OC) and exposure to mycotoxin fumonisin has been associated with increased OC risk. However, to assess exposure to fumonisin in Xhosas—having maize as a staple food—it is necessary to determine the amount of maize consumed per day. A maize-specific food frequency questionnaire (M-FFQ) has recently been developed. This study developed a food photograph (FP) series to improve portion size estimation of maize dishes. Two sets of photographs were developed to be used alongside the validated M-FFQ. The photographs were designed to …

Segregation Of A Latent High Adiposity Phenotype In Families With A History Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Implicates Rare Obesity-Susceptibility Genetic Variants With Large Effects In Diabetes-Related Obesity, Arthur B. Jenkins, Marijka Batterham, Dorit Samocha-Bonet, Katherine Tonks, Jerry R. Greenfield, Lesley V. Campbell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background We recently reported significantly greater weight gain in non-diabetic healthy subjects with a 1st degree family history (FH+) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in a matched control group without such history (FH−) during voluntary overfeeding, implying co-inheritance of susceptibilities to T2DM and obesity. We have estimated the extent and mode of inheritance of susceptibility to increased adiposity in FH+.

Methods Normoglycaemic participants were categorised either FH+ (≥1 1st degree relative with T2DM, 50F/30M, age 45±14 (SD) yr) or FH− (71F/51M, age 43±14 yr). Log-transformed anthropometric measurements (height, hip and waist circumferences) and lean, bone and fat mass …

Short-Term Effects Of Fish And Fish Oil Consumption On Total And High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels In Overweight And Obese Adults, Elizabeth P. Neale, Beverly Muhlhausler, Yasmine C. Probst, Marijka J. Batterham, Francesca Fernandez, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective: Fish or fish oil consumption may increase levels of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, a hormone associated with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitising effects, however it is not known if the effects of the food and supplement are the same. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of consuming fish and fish oil supplements on plasma total and HMW adiponectin concentrations in overweight human participants.

Materials/Methods: 29 overweight and obese participants underwent a two week run-in period, followed by a four week isocaloric dietary intervention which provided 1.8g of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC …

Multi-Factor Coupling System Characteristic Of The Dynamic Roll Gap In The High-Speed Rolling Mill During The Unsteady Lubrication Process, Qiaoyi Wang, Zhengyi Jiang, Jingwei Zhao, Min Fang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In the present work, a multi-factor coupling dynamic model of a rolling mill system for a dynamic roll gap during an unsteady lubrication process was developed on the basis of the rolling theory, lubrication and the friction theory, and the mechanical vibration theory. The multi-factor coupling model of interfacial film binding was coupled with the rolling force model, dynamic roll gap interface friction model and work roll movement model. The corresponding distributions of friction and pressure at varying surface roughness and times were systematically analyzed during the unsteady mixed lubrication process. The effects of the main processing parameters on the …

Improving The Critical Speeds Of High-Speed Trains Using Magnetorheological Technology, Shuaishuai Sun, Huaxia Deng, Weihua Li, Haiping Du, Yi Qing Ni, Jin Zhang, Jian Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

With the rapid development of high-speed railways, vibration control for maintaining stability, passenger comfort, and safety has become an important area of research. In order to investigate the mechanism of train vibration, the critical speeds of various DOFs with respect to suspension stiffness and damping are first calculated and analyzed based on its dynamic equations. Then, the sensitivity of the critical speed is studied by analyzing the influence of different suspension parameters. On the basis of these analyses, a conclusion is drawn that secondary lateral damping is the most sensitive suspension damper. Subsequently, the secondary lateral dampers are replaced with …